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Effects of Chinese herbs on salivary fluid secretion by isolated and perfused rat submandibular glands

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第31期15卷 3908-3915页

作者： masataka murakami Mu-Xin Wei Wei Ding Qian-De Zhang Nano structure Physiology National Institute of Physiological Science Okazaki 444-8585 Aichi Japan Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 Jiangsu Province China

AIM:To determine whether Chinese herbs (CHs) relieve xerostomia (dry mouth) by increasing salivary secretion.METHODS: The submandibular glands of Wistar rats were surgically isolated and perfused arterially with buffered salt solution. After control perfusion, recording started 5 min prior to the start of stimulation. After fluid secretion was induced by 0.2 μmol/L carbamylcholine (CCh) in the perfusate for 10 min, Chinese herb (CH) was added in the perfusion for 5 min. CCh was then overloaded at 0.2 μmol/L in the perfusion for 20 min. The volume of salivary fluid secretion was recorded by a computer-controlled balance system.RESULTS: Saliva secretion formed an initial ephemeral peak at 30 s followed by a gradual increase to a sustained level. CH alone induced no or little saliva in all types of CH selected. During perfusion with CH,overloading of CCh promoted fluid secretion in 15 of 20 CHs. This promotion was classified into four patterns, which were eventually related to the categories of CH: Overall sustained phase was continuously raised (Yin-nourishing, fluid production-promoting and heat-clearing agents); The sustained secretion rose to reach a maximum then decreased (Qi-enhancing agent); Sustained secretion rose to reach the highest maximum and was then sustained with a slight decline (swelling-reducing, phlegm-resolving and pus-expelling agents); Stimulation of salivary secretion without any added stimulants. Addition of CCh raised the fluid secretion to reach the highest maximum then sharply decreased to a lower sustained level (blood activating agent).CONCLUSION: The present findings lead to the conclusion that various CHs have different promotional effects directly on the salivary gland.

关键词：颌下腺分泌液中药大鼠灌流分离唾液

Mechanism involved in Danshen-induced fluid secretion in salivary glands

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1444-1456页

作者： Fei Wei Mu-Xin Wei masataka murakami Division of Physiological Sciences School of Life ScienceGraduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Division of Cellular Physiology National Institute for Physiological SciencesNational Institutes of Natural SciencesOkazaki 444-8787Japan

AIM:Danshen's capability to induce salivary fluid secretion and its mechanisms were studied to determine if it could improve xerostomia.METHODS:Submandibular glands were isolated from male Wistar rats under systemic anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium.The artery was cannulated and vascularly perfused at a constant rate.The excretory duct was also cannulated and the secreted saliva was weighed in a cup on an electronic balance.The weight of the accumulated saliva was measured every 3 s and the salivary flow rate was calculated.In addition,the arterio-venous difference in the partial oxygen pressure was measured as an indicator of oxygen consumption.In order to assess the mechanism involved in Dansheninduced fluid secretion,either ouabain(an inhibitor of Na+/K+ ATPase) or bumetanide(an inhibitor of NKCC1) was additionally applied during the Danshen stimulation.In order to examine the involvement of the main membrane receptors,atropine was added to block the M3 muscarinic receptors,or phentolamine was added to block the α1 adrenergic receptors.In order to examine the requirement for extracellular Ca2+,Danshen was applied during the perfusion with nominal Ca2+ free solution.RESULTS:Although Danshen induced salivary fluid secretion,88.7 ± 12.8 μL/g-min,n = 9,(the highest value around 20 min from start of DS perfusion was significantly high vs 32.5 ± 5.3 μL/g-min by carbamylcholine,P = 0.00093 by t-test) in the submandibular glands,the time course of that secretion differed from that induced by carbamylcholine.There was a latency associated with the fluid secretion induced by Danshen,followed by a gradual increasein the secretion to its highest value,which was in turn followed by a slow decline to a near zero level.The application of either ouabain or bumetanide inhibited the fluid secretion by 85% or 93%,and suppressed the oxygen consumption by 49% or 66%,respectively.These results indicated that Danshen activates Na+/K+ ATPase and NKCC1 to maintain Cl- release and K+ release for fluid secretion.Neither atropine or p

关键词： Salivary fluid secretion Xerostomia Chinese herb D

Effect of multifunction cavitation using phosphoric acid on fatigue and surface properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy

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镁合金学报(英文) 2023年第6期11卷 1996-2005页

作者： Shunta Matsuoka Fumihiro Kato Toshihiko Yoshimura masataka Ijiri Shoichi Kikuchi Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology Shizuoka University3-5-1 JohokuNaka-kuHamamatsuShizuoka432-8561Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Sanyo-Onoda City University1-1-1 Daigaku-DoriSanyo-OnodaYamaguchi 756-0884Japan Tokyo Metropolitan University 1-1 Minami-OsawaHachiojiTokyo 192-0397Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringShizuoka University3-5-1 JohokuNaka-kuHamamatsu-shiShizuoka 432-8561Japan

Magnesium alloy is attractive for lightweight construction but often suffers from poor corrosion resistance and low strength.Cavitation processing with chemicals,i.e.,multifunction cavitation(MFC),was introduced to form a high-corrosion film and improve the fatigue properties of an AZ31 magnesium alloy.Surface analysis and plane bending fatigue tests were conducted for the MFC-treated magnesium alloy at a stress ratio,R,of-1.The mechanical action of cavitation bubbles improved the fatigue life of magnesium alloys due to increasing the surface hardness and generating compressive residual stress.However,the combined mechanical and electrochemical action during MFC formed pits on the surface.These pits were large enough to easily nucleate an initial fatigue crack.In addition,the magnesium alloys without pit formation,for which a coating process using phosphoric acid was conducted after MFC using water,showed superior fatigue properties.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Multifunction cavitation Surface modification Fatigue Residual stress

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Molecular typing guiding treatment and prognosis of endometrial cancer

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 7-17页

作者： Junya Tabata masataka Takenaka Aikou Okamoto Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Jikei University School of MedicineJapan

Genetic abnormalities,such as PTEN,PIK3CA,CTNNB1,ARID1A,and ERBB2,which frequently occur in endometrial cancer(EC),are potential therapeutic targets.In 2013,integrated genomic analysis conducted by The Cancer Genome Atlas identified four molecular subtypes,including POLE ultra-mutated,microsatellite instability hypermutated,copy-number low,and copy-number high,which strongly correlate with prognosis.Surrogate markers-based molecular classification methods have been developed to make these molecular classifications accessible and affordable,achieving classification into POLEmut,mismatch repair deficient(MMRd),p53abn,and no specific molecular profile(NSMP)with normal p53 expression.Although POLEmut EC has aggressive pathologic features,there are few cases of advanced and/or recurrence.Therefore,the possibility of de-escalating adjuvant therapy can be considered.Additionally,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)may be a candidate for treating advanced and recurrent POLEmut EC because of their high immunogenicity.MMRd EC shows an intermediate prognosis between those of POLEmut and p53abn EC.MMRd EC is generally characterized by high immunogenicity similar to POLEmut EC,suggesting that ICI can also be a potential therapeutic agent.Among the four molecular subtypes,p53abn EC has the worst prognosis.However,some p53abn tumors have the molecular hallmark of homologous recombination deficiency and could be treated with poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors.In addition,some p53abn tumors overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,which can also be a potential therapeutic target.NSMP EC are a heterogeneous population because they lack characteristic molecular biological features.Approximately half of the NSMP EC show high expression of estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor,suggesting the possibility of hormonal therapy.In addition,the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway frequently altered in EC may be a therapeutic target.This review summarizes the molecular biological characteristics and potential therapeutic agents in molec

关键词： Endometrial cancer Molecular classification Molecular typing Surrogate markers Targeted therapy Precision medicine

Identification of shared and unique gene families associated with oral clefts

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第2期9卷 104-109页

作者： Noriko Funato masataka Nakamura Department of Signal Gene Regulation Research Center for Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University1-5-45 YushimaBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan

Oral clefts, the most frequent congenital birth defects in humans, are multifactorial disorders caused by genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies point to different etiologies underlying the oral cleft phenotypes, cleft lip(CL),CL and/or palate(CL/P) and cleft palate(CP). More than 350 genes have syndromic and/or nonsyndromic oral cleft associations in humans. Although genes related to genetic disorders associated with oral cleft phenotypes are known, a gap between detecting these associations and interpretation of their biological importance has remained. Here, using a gene ontology analysis approach, we grouped these candidate genes on the basis of different functional categories to gain insight into the genetic etiology of oral clefts. We identified different genetic profiles and found correlations between the functions of gene products and oral cleft phenotypes. Our results indicate inherent differences in the genetic etiologies that underlie oral cleft phenotypes and support epidemiological evidence that genes associated with CL/P are both developmentally and genetically different from CP only, incomplete CP, and submucous CP. The epidemiological differences among cleft phenotypes may reflect differences in the underlying genetic causes. Understanding the different causative etiologies of oral clefts is important as it may lead to improvements in diagnosis, counseling, and prevention.

关键词： cleft palate epidemiology gene ontology mutations soft palate syndrome

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The Possibility of Active Attitude Control for Fuel Spray

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 519-534页

作者： masataka Arai Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan

The internal combustion engine (ICE) is an attractive power source for automobiles, with its superior storability, transportability, and suppliability of liquid fuel with high energy density. Compact ICEs with high performance and a low environmental load are greatly needed. In the future, smart active control of combustion by means of fuel spray injection must be considered as a breakthrough technology to address serious issues related to conventional ICEs, such as emissions. A designed fuel injection rate and spray pattern during the injection period have been technically developed, and combustion can be partially controlled in the conventional ICE. However, spatial fuel distribution is not progressing as desired in the field of combustion;thus, new and effective active control technologies for fuel spray are very necessary for the smart control of combustion. Cavitation, flash boiling, spray-to-spray interaction, spray-to-wall interaction, and air flow have potential as a basis for active attitude control of fuel spray. This article uses evidence from the literature to discuss the possibility of active spray attitude control for future fuel spray combustion technology in a smart compact ICE.

关键词： Internal combustion engine Fuel spray Spray control behavior injector

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Effects of Chinese herbs HQ and YZ on salivary fluid secretion by isolated and perfused rat submandibular glands

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Effects of Chinese herbs HQ and YZ on salivary fluid secreti...

The deacetylase SIRT2 contributes to autoimmune disease pathogenesis by modulating IL-17A and IL-2 transcription

2019中国生理学会学术年会暨张锡钧基金第十五届全国青...

作者：魏飞 Wei Ding Liqun Xie Ping Hu Ping Wang Yaofu Fan Xiumei Leng masataka murakami Muxin Wei School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine The Graduated University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Jiangsu Provence Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Division of Cellular Physiology National Institute for Physiological SciencesNational Institutes of Natural Sciences

AIM: Xerostomia（dry mouth） decreases quality of life.Chinese herbs Huangqi（HQ, Radix astragali） and Yuzhu（YZ, Polygonatum odoratum） relieve xerostomia（dry mouth） by increasing salivary fluid secretion.The salivary fluid secretion and energy metabolism was studied to learn the possible mechanisms on isolated and perfused rat submandibular glands.METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were anesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium, and the submandibular glands were surgically isolated and transferred to an organ bath（37℃）.The artery and vein were cannulated and the glands ware perfused arterially using a peristaltic pump.As a control stimulation, carbamylcholine（CCh） was added to the perfusion.Then the glands were perfused with two groups: group A is HQ or HQ and CCh, and group B is YZ or YZ and CCh.During the experiment the saliva was leaded into the cup on the electronic balance and weighed every 3 s, with the data transferred to the computer.At the end of this experiment, the weight data were calculated to the rate of fluid secretion.To examine whether HQ and YZ influenced energy metabolism of the glands, oxygen consumption was also measured by the Clark-type electrodes at arterial and venous sides.RESULTS: The fluid secretion was compared between a single stimulation with HQ or YZ and mixed stimulation with CCh respectively.After stimulation of CCh, the addition of only HQ or YZ both did not increase the fluid secretion, but promoted the sustained oxygen consumption.By perfusion with CCh respectively, the amount of secreted saliva and oxygen consumption all increased significantly（P＜0.05） and then decreased slightly, in which YZ apparently stimulated more fluid secretion and consumed more oxygen.Besides, addition of ouabain inhibited salivary fluid secretion and oxygen consumption sharply in two groups, but compared with YZ group in the end, HQ group preserved the capability of salivary fluid secretion partly.CONCLUSION: With the stimulation of CCh, both HQ and YZ can improve salivary fluid secretion and oxygen consumpt

关键词： Xerostomia Salivary secretion Huangqi（Radix astragal） Yuzhu（Polygonatum odoratum） Oxygen consumption Na+-K+-ATPase,Chinese medicine

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 738-750页

作者： Ryo Hisada Nobuya Yoshida masataka Umeda Catalina Burbano Rhea Bhargava Marc Scherlinger Michihito Kono Vasileios C.Kyttaris Suzanne Krishfield George C.Tsokos Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Aberrant IL-17A expression together with reduced IL-2 production by effector CD4^(+)T cells contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Here,we report that Sirtuin 2(SIRT2),a member of the family of NAD^(+)-dependent histone deacetylases,suppresses IL-2 production by CD4^(+)T cells while promoting their differentiation into Th17 cells.Mechanistically,we show that SIRT2 is responsible for the deacetylation of p70S6K,activation of the mTORC1/HIF-1α/RORγt pathway and induction of Th17-cell differentiation.Additionally,SIRT2 was shown to be responsible for the deacetylation of c-Jun and histones at the Il-2 gene,resulting in decreased IL-2 production.We found that the transcription factor inducible cAMP early repressor(ICER),which is overexpressed in T cells from people with SLE and lupus-prone mice,bound directly to the Sirt2 promoter and promoted its transcription.AK-7,a SIRT2 inhibitor,limited the ability of adoptively transferred antigen-specific CD4^(+)T cells to cause autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice and limited disease in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice.Finally,CD4^(+)T cells from SLE patients exhibited increased expression of SIRT2,and pharmacological inhibition of SIRT2 in primary CD4^(+)T cells from patients with SLE attenuated the ability of these cells to differentiate into Th17 cells and promoted the generation of IL-2–producing T cells.Collectively,these results suggest that SIRT2-mediated deacetylation is essential in the aberrant expression of IL-17A and IL-2 and that SIRT2 may be a promising molecular target for new SLE therapies.

关键词： SIRT2 Systemic lupus erythematosus IL-17A IL-2

Effects of Chinese herbs HQ and YZ on salivary fluid secretion by isolated and perfused rat submandibular glands

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Effects of Chinese herbs HQ and YZ on salivary fluid secreti...