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Tissue scattering parameter estimation through scattering phase function measurements by goniometer

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Chinese Optics Letters 2007年第9期5卷 531-533页

作者：朱瑛丁志华 martial Geisert State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University Haute Ecole Valaisanne SionSwitzerland

An automated optical system is built up to perform goniometric measurement of scattering phase function. Measurements of typical samples including monodisperse polystyrene micro-spheres solution, and mutlidis- perse polystyrene micro-spheres solution are carried out in a dark room. The possibility of estimating the average particle size of phantom through analyzing its scattering phase function is demonstrated.

关键词： Biotechnology Goniometers Optical systems Parameter estimation Particle size Polystyrenes Scattering parameters Tissue

A dynamical approach to generate chaos in a micromechanical resonator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 161-171页

作者： martial Defoort Libor Rufer Laurent Fesquet Skandar Basrour Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INPTIMA38000 GrenobleFrance

Chaotic systems,presenting complex and nonreproducible dynamics,may be found in nature,from the interaction between planets to the evolution of weather,but can also be tailored using current technologies for advanced signal ***,the realization of chaotic signal generators remains challenging due to the involved dynamics of the underlying *** this paper,we experimentally and numerically present a disruptive approach to generate a chaotic signal from a micromechanical *** technique overcomes the long-established complexity of controlling the buckling in micro/nanomechanical structures by modulating either the amplitude or the frequency of the driving force applied to the resonator in the nonlinear *** experimental characteristic parameters of the chaotic regime,namely,the Poincarésections and Lyapunov exponents,are directly comparable to simulations for different *** results confirm that this dynamical approach is transposable to any kind of micro/nanomechanical resonator,from accelerometers to *** demonstrate a direct application exploiting the mixing properties of the chaotic regime by transforming an off-the-shelf microdiaphragm into a true random number generator conforming to the National Institute of Standards and Technology *** versatility of this original method opens new paths to combine the unique properties of chaos with the exceptional sensitivity of microstructures,leading to emergent microsystems.

关键词： chaotic chaos dynamical

The Impact of Employee Development Programs on Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention:A Case Study of Vipt(Victor International Institute of Petroleum Training)

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The Impact of Employee Development Programs on Job Satisfact...

作者： Anouba Acha Arnaud martial 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

在现代,由于环境的动态性,组织面临着许多挑战。企业面临的诸多挑战之一是让员工适应不断变化和不断发展的环境,并在竞争中取得成功。为了提高员工的效率、效率、生产力和工作承诺,企业必须通过提供良好的工作条件和培训计划来满足员工... 详细信息

在现代,由于环境的动态性,组织面临着许多挑战。企业面临的诸多挑战之一是让员工适应不断变化和不断发展的环境,并在竞争中取得成功。为了提高员工的效率、效率、生产力和工作承诺,企业必须通过提供良好的工作条件和培训计划来满足员工的需求。本文的目的是分析员工发展计划对工作满意度和员工留守的影响。该研究采用定量方法。通过自我管理调查问卷收集数据。问卷是从以前有效的调查。目标人群由VIPT雇员组成。采用简单随机抽样方法对100名员工进行数据采集。结果表明,工作环境与员工工作满意度之间存在正相关关系。本研究的结论是,企业需要认识到良好的工作环境的重要性,以最大限度地提高工作满意度的水平。本文可以通过鼓励人们为自己的工作做出更多贡献,帮助他们的个人成长和发展,来造福社会。因此,组织激励员工努力实现组织目标是至关重要的。为了确保员工通过培训,它必须高效、快速、容易满足。该研究支持的假设,各种因素的培训有最重要的和强烈的影响员工满意度。该研究支持研究发现,与VIPT的员工相关的反馈因素之间存在着正相关关系。

关键词：工作满意度发展员工留住绩效生产力

Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 24-33页

作者： martial Caillaud Laurence Richard Jean-Michel Vallat Alexis Desmoulière Fabrice Billet University of Limoges Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy University Hospital of Limoges Department of Neurology "Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies" Department of Neurology

Peripheral nerves are particularly vulnerable to injuries and are involved in numerous pathologies for which specific treatments are lacking. This review summarizes the pathophysiological features of the most common traumatic nerve injury in humans and the different animal models used in nerve regeneration studies. ~Ihe current knowledge concerning Wallerian degeneration and nerve regrowth is then described. Finally, the involvement of intraneural vascularization in these processes is addressed. As intraneural vascularization has been poorly studied, histological experiments were carried out from rat sciatic nerves damaged by a glycerol injection. The results, taken together with the data from literature, suggest that revascularization plays an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration and must therefore be studied more carefully.

关键词： compression crush transection Sunderland's classification Wallerian degeneration angiogenesis traumatic glycerol

SNAP23-Kif5 complex controls mGlu1 receptor trafficking

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第5期10卷 423-436页

作者： Fabrice Raynaud Vincent Homburger martial Seveno Oana Vigy Enora Moutina Laurent Fagni Julie Perroy IGF CNRS INSERM Univ. Montpel[ier F-34094 Montpellier France BioCampus Montpellier CNRS INSERM Univ. Montpellier F-34094 Montpellier France Present address: INSERM U1046 PhyMedExp CNRS UMR9214 Univ. Montpellier F-34094 Montpellier France

Metabotropic glutamate receptors are expressed at excitatory synapses and control synaptic transmission in mammalian brain. These receptors are involved in numerous patho-physiological functions. However, little is known about the molecular determinants responsible for their intracellular transport and membrane targeting. Here we investigated the nature of the molecular motor and adaptor protein responsible for trafficking and membrane localization of the group I metabotropic glutamate mGlu1 postsynaptic receptor in cultured hippocampal neurons. In proteomic studies, we identified the synaptosome-associated protein 23 （SNAP23） and the molecular motor Kif5 kinesin as proteins interacting with mGlu1 receptor. We showed that SNAP23, but not Kif5, directly interacts with mGlu1 receptor carboxyl terminus. Using a recombination approach to impair or enhance the interaction between SNAP23 and KifS, we found that the SNAP23-Kif5 complex controls the trafficking of mGlu1 receptor along microtubules. Additional fluorescence recovery after cleavage experiments allowed us to identify a role of the complex in the receptor cell surface targeting. In conclusion, our study indicates that along dendritic processes Kif5-SNAP23 complex contributes to proper mGlu1 receptor trafficking and cell surface expression.

关键词： mGlu1 SNARE kinesin neuron traffic

Magnetic Characterization of Amphibolites from the Fomopéa Pluton(West Cameroon):Their Implication in the Pan-African Deformation of the Central African Fold Belt

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第1期86卷 73-84页

作者： NJANKO Théophile FOZING Eric martial KWéKAM Maurice YAKEU SANDJO Angéline Flore NJONFANG Emmanuel Laboratory of Environmental Geology Department of Earth SciencesDschang University Laboratory of Geology ENS Yaounde I University

The Fomopea granitic pluton is emplaced in gnessic and amphibolitic basement. These gneissic and amphibolitic basement rocks are represented in the pluton＇s body as sub-rounded, elongated or stretched xenoliths. Amphibolitic xenoliths display testimonies of two main tectonic events namely：（i） El flattening deformation event characterized by a NW-SE to E-W foliation with a best pole at 246/57 and a mineral stretched lineation with a best line at 293/47; and （ii） E2 compressive event typified by （1） N-S to NNE-SSW steeply dipping foliation; （2） S-type flexion-fold indicating a sinistral shear movement. These amphibolite rocks indicate a magnetic susceptibility magnitude （Km） range from 418 ~SI to 90092 IISI for 87% of the stations showing a ferromagnetic behavior. K-T curves reveal the presence of Ti-poor magnetite as susceptibility mineral carrier. Magnetic foliation and lineation suggest that the N-S strike direction observed in the Bamendou amphibolite is, as pointed out elsewhere in the Central African Fold Belt, of paramount importance in the tectonic evaluation of the Fomopea area, since it has most likely acted as major deformation phase in the second tectonic event in the belt.

关键词： amphibolite anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) Pan-African fold belt Cameroon

Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A and sciatic nerve crush rat models:insights from proteomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1354-1363页

作者： Zeina Msheik Stephanie Durand Emilie Pinault martial Caillaud Laetitia Vignaud Fabrice Billet Mohamed El Massry Alexis Desmoulière UR20218 NeurIT(NEURopathies périphériques et Innovation Thérapeutique) University of LimogesLimogesFrance BISCEm(Biologie Intégrative SantéChimie Environnement)Platform US 42 Inserm/UAR 2015 CNRSUniversity of LimogesLimogesFrance UMR 1308 Inserm/CHU–CAPTuR(Contrôle de l’Activation cellulaire Progression Tumorale et Résistance thérapeutique)University of LimogesLimogesFrance Inserm UMR1235–TENS(The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases) University of NantesNantesFrance

The sensorimotor and histological aspects of peripheral neuropathies were already studied by our team in two rat models:the sciatic nerve crush and the Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A *** this study,we sought to highlight and compare the protein signature of these two pathological ***,the identification of protein profiles in diseases can play an important role in the development of pharmacological *** fact,Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A rats develop motor impairments that are more severe in the hind ***,for the first time,protein expression in sciatic nerve of Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A rats was ***,distal sciatic nerves were collected from Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A and uninjured wild-type rats aged 3 *** protein extraction,sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was employed.445 proteins mapped to Swiss-Prot or trEMBL Uniprot databases were identified and *** these,153 proteins showed statistically significant differences between Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A and wild-type *** majority of these proteins were overexpressed in *** clustering and functional enrichment using Gene Ontology were used to group these proteins based on their biological effects concerning Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A ***,proteomic characterization of wild-type rats subjected to sciatic nerve crush was performed sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra liquid chromatography and mass *** month after injury,distal sciatic nerves were collected and analyzed as described *** of 459 identified proteins,92 showed significant differences between sciatic nerve crush and the uninjured wild-type rats used in the first *** results suggest that young adult Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A rats(3 months old)develop compensatory mechanisms at the level of redox balance,protein folding,myelination,and

关键词： Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A endoplasmic reticulum Gene Ontology neurogenesis oxidative stress proteomics rat repair sciatic nerve crush SWATH-MS

Bacterial plant pathogens affect the locomotor behavior of the insect vector:a case study of Citrus volkameriana-Triozae erytreae-Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus system

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 901-910页

作者： Arnaud Ameline Alain Karkach Thomas Denoirjean martial Grondin Florencia Molinari Patrick Turpin Helene Delatte Bernard Reynaud UMR CNRS 7058 EDYSAN(Ecologie et Dynamique des Systemes Anthropises) Universite de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensCedexFrance UMR PVBMT(Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical) Universitéde la RéunionSaint PierreLa RéunionFrance

Plant pathogens can alter the behavior of their insect vectors as well as their survival and *** African psyllid,Trioza erytreae,is one of the vectors of Huanglongbing,a citrus disease caused mainly by"Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus"(CLas).The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of CLas on the psyllid,*** using Citrus volkamerina plants as the study *** study focused more specifically on the CLas effects prior to and after its acquisition by the psyllid *** results did not support the hypothesis that CLas effects psyllid probing behavior prior to acquisition;few differences were observed between uninfected *** feeding on CLas-infected versus control *** the other hand,compared to psyllids that had completed their development on control plants,the ones that had completed their development on a CLas-infected plant exhibited changes in their behavior(greater velocity),physiology(smaller mass)and biochemistry(lower water and lipid content).Altogether,our results confirm the existence of a marked postacquisition effect on the vector locomotor behavior and a minor preacquisition effect of CLas on the vector behavior,which can be partially explained by physiological and biochemical changes.

关键词： electrical penetration graph Huanglongbing locomotory behavior lipid biomass probing behavior vector manipulation

Study of Fourier-Based Velocimetry

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2013年第3期3卷 21-32页

作者： Jean martial Mari Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London UK

Standard phase-domain pulsed Doppler techniques used in Colour Flow Mapping such as spectral Doppler or autocorrelation are monochromatic, focused on the analysis of the centre transmit frequency. As such all the algorithms using those approaches are limited: in terms of spatial Doppler resolution because of the long pulses typically used for transmission, in terms of frame rate because of the necessity to perform many Doppler lines repetitions and additional B-mode imaging transmissions, and in terms of accuracy which depends on the stability of the Doppler signal at the frequency considered. A velocimetry technique is presented which estimates the shifts between successive Doppler line segments using the phase information provided by the Fourier transform. Such an approach allows extraction of more information from the backscattered signal through the averaging of results from multiple frequencies inside the bandwidth, as well as the transmission of wide band-high resolution-pulses. The technique is tested on Doppler signals acquired with a research scanner in a straight latex pipe perfused with water and cellulose scatterers, and on an ultrasound contrast agent solution. The results are compared with the velocity estimates provided by standard spectral Doppler and autocorrelation methods. Results show that the proposed technique performs better than both other approaches, especially when few Doppler lines are processed. The technique is also shown to be compatible with contrast Doppler imaging. The proposed approach enables high frame rate, high resolution Doppler.

关键词： Doppler Fourier Ultrasonic Imaging Wideband High Speed