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新型轻质支撑剂在阿巴拉契亚盆地致密气藏的现场应用

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石油地质科技动态 2005年第2期 55-61,78页

作者： Roger myers Jimmy Potratz mark Moody 白振瑞（译）郑水吉（校）美国BJ服务公司大湖资源公司不详

增产处理方案设计必须实现完井效率和经济可行性的平衡。服务公司已投入了大量的研发资金，用于研制适用于致密含气层的高成本效率的处理液。这方面的研究重点一般是压裂液和携带支撑剂的粘滞液。实践已证明稀驱油液（Thin banking flu... 详细信息

增产处理方案设计必须实现完井效率和经济可行性的平衡。服务公司已投入了大量的研发资金，用于研制适用于致密含气层的高成本效率的处理液。这方面的研究重点一般是压裂液和携带支撑剂的粘滞液。实践已证明稀驱油液（Thin banking fluids）是适用于阿巴拉契亚盆地致密气层的最高成本效率的压裂液，但由于其携砂能力差，因此很难获得更长久而且更有效的支撑裂缝。影响裂缝中支撑剂输送的因素有多种，但最容易被忽视的一个因素是支撑剂的密度。人们已把研究重点从流体性质对携砂能力的影响转向支撑剂特性对携砂能力的影响，由此而开发出的新技术已用于解决阿巴拉契亚盆地降低成本一提高产量的难题。在组约、宾夕法尼亚、俄亥和西弗吉尼亚北部地区的几个详细的实例中记载了，为在很紧的经济条件下获得更高效益的裂缝，采用了一种新型的轻质支撑剂。本文将分析用这种新型轻质支撑剂处理的有效性，即根据气井的经济效益来判断运用这种新技术于最难对付的盆地之一是否真的既具有成本效益又提高天然气产量。运用斯托克斯定律计算表明，比重1．25g／cc的轻质支撑剂的终端沉降速度只有筛目尺寸相同（20／40）的白色渥太华砂的四分之一。采用简单的单相气体模拟模型确定不同裂缝长度条件下的初产量和累计产量。模拟结果表明，如果能够获得比较长的视有效裂缝长度，那么产量将提高，储采比则降低。

关键词：致密气藏支撑剂盆地轻质现场应用携砂能力支撑裂缝斯托克斯定律成本效率

受多氯联苯污染的淡水湖泊野生鱼类的组织病理学

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2001年第3期30卷 122-126页

作者： Kari Koponen mark S.myers Ossi Ritola Sirpa E.Huuskonen Pirjo Lindstrm-Sepp 李康民 Kuopio大学美国华盛顿州西雅图西北渔业科学中心环境保护处

本研究的目的是利用组织病理学作为终点,来评估野生鱼类长期暴露于多氯联苯(PCBs)非致死浓度时潜在的中毒影响。生活在多氟联苯污染的淡水湖泊中的欧鳊(Abramis brama)和赤梢鱼(Aspius aspius)的组织病理学研究揭示了两种鱼的肾小球细... 详细信息

本研究的目的是利用组织病理学作为终点,来评估野生鱼类长期暴露于多氯联苯(PCBs)非致死浓度时潜在的中毒影响。生活在多氟联苯污染的淡水湖泊中的欧鳊(Abramis brama)和赤梢鱼(Aspius aspius)的组织病理学研究揭示了两种鱼的肾小球细胞的异常细胞改变。肾小球毛细管扩张症(DGC)、肾小球膜水肿(ME)、鲍曼管即肾小球囊内脏层和腔壁层之间的粘连(ABC)和鲍曼管空间的充塞(FBS)是湖鱼的高度流行特征。在参考点捕到的鱼中,每种损伤的发生率很低,或者说几乎没有见到这类损伤。肝、鳃、生殖腺、脾和肠的细胞变化均与季节变化有关。研究结果表明,所观察到的肾小球体有一些有组织病理改变,特别是肾小球毛细管扩张症和肾小球膜水肿,这可能表明是由多氯联苯和相关化合物引起的长期化学应激反应造成的,也可能是长期暴露于多氯联苯从而抑制和减弱了鱼的免疫系统,使它们易遭继发性寄生虫的感染。

关键词：多氯联苯污染物质中毒淡水湖泊野生鱼类芬兰南部组织病理学

Use and barriers to chromoendoscopy for dysplasia surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第8期9卷 359-367页

作者： Richa Shukla mark Salem Jason K Hou Section of Gastro-enterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineBaylor College of Medicine Houston VA HSR&D Center of Excellence Michael E.DeB akey VAMC

Traditionally,patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) have been thought to be at increased risk of developing colitis-associated colorectal *** there are recent data suggesting that rates of colitisassociated cancer in IBD patients is declining,current guidelines still recommend regular dysplasia surveillance for early detection and prevention of neoplasia in patients with ***-light endoscopy with random biopsies has been the traditional approach for dysplasia detection;however,newer technologies and approaches have *** method,dye-based chromoendoscopy,has the potential to detect more ***,longitudinal data to showing a benefit in morbidity or mortality from the use of chromoendoscopy are still *** societies have included recommendation on the use of chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies as a method of surveillance for colitis-associated colorectal *** narrative review seeks to outline data on dysplasia detection as well as barriers to the implementation of dye-based chromoendoscopy for the prevention and early detection of colitis-associated colorectal cancer.

关键词： Chromoendoscopy Inflammatory bowel disease Dysplasia surveillance

Workplace Stress and Job Satisfaction among Biologics Development Professionals

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Health 2014年第14期6卷 1790-1802页

作者： Hui Xiang Suzanne Coleman mark Johannsson Ronald Bates Arizona School of Health Sciences A.T. Still University Mesa USA Bristol-myers Squibb Company East Syracuse USA

Workplace stress is a common problem with broad effects in professional life. This study aimed to understand how workplace stressors affect job satisfaction among biologics development professionals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a biologics development organization. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using years of experience, ambiguity, job conflict, perceived control, social support, job demands, self-esteem, and self-rated workplace stress as independent variables and job satisfaction as dependent variable (response). The regression model indicated that the workplace stressors and their two-level interactions significantly predicted employees’ job satisfaction, which explained 89% of the variance in level of job satisfaction (R2 = 0.89, F(17, 16) = 7.251, p = 0.0001). The interaction between perceived control and job demand and interaction between self-rated stress and job conflict had the biggest effect size on job satisfaction. This model was further used in Monte Carlo simulation to predict the outcome of job satisfaction under different work conditions. The findings will help the management to develop strategies to improve employee job satisfaction.

关键词： Workplace Stress Job Satisfaction Linear Regression Monte Carlo Simulation

Patient and Physician Preferences for Treating Adjuvant Melanoma: A Discrete Choice Experiment

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第1期8卷 37-50页

作者： Kathleen Beusterien mark R. Middleton Peter Feng Wang Sumati Rao Srividya Kotapati Javier Sabater Baiju Aurora John F. P. Bridges ORS Health Washington DC USA Department of Oncology University of Oxford Churchill Hospital Oxford UK Bristol-myers Squibb Princeton NJ USA Aurora Capital West Orange NJ USA Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA

Objective: To evaluate and compare patient and physician preferences for the benefits and risks of currently available adjuvant melanoma treatments. Methods: Patients with stage II/III melanoma and oncologists in the USA were recruited from 6 clinical sites and an online panel to complete a survey. Preferences were assessed using a paired comparison discrete choice experiment that allowed for opt-out (i.e. no treatment). The treatments comprised 7 attributes, each with 3 levels associated with pegylated interferon, high-dose interferon, and ipilimumab. Attributes included efficacy outcomes, dosing regimen, and risks of moderate to severe toxicities. In addition, open-ended maximum acceptable risk (MAR) questions assessed tradeoffs between toxicity risk and efficacy. Results: 142 patients (45 stage II;97 stage III) chose a treatment in 78% of the choice tasks, while physicians (N = 127) chose treatment 79% of the time. The rankings of relative attribute importance were concordant between the patients and physicians for the top 4: 10-year survival in metastatic melanoma, fatigue risk, 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS), and depression risk. Patients and physicians valued the difference in 21% survival versus no survival benefit about 3 and 4 times as much, respectively, as reducing diarrhea risk from 41% to 1% or reducing depression risk from 40% to 1%. The MAR of severe diarrhea and of a life-threatening event increased as the chance of 3-year RFS increased, with patients reporting higher risks than physicians. Conclusion: Patients and physicians were concordant in their preferences in adjuvant melanoma, preferring treatment versus none and judging potential efficacy to outweigh risks of toxicities.

关键词： Melanoma Adjuvant Therapy Discrete Choice Experiment

沙格列汀在接受沙格列汀为单药或联合治疗的2型糖尿病患者中的心血管安全性

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沙格列汀在接受沙格列汀为单药或联合治疗的2型糖尿病患者中的心...

沙格列汀在接受沙格列汀为单药或联合治疗的2型糖尿病患者中的心血管安全性

中华医学会第十一次全国内分泌学学术会议

作者： Robert Frederich mark Donovan Niklas Berglind Susan Harris Roland Chen Robert Wolf Bristol-myers Squibb LawrencevilleNJUSA Bristol-myers Squibb HopewellNJUSA AstraZeneca WilmingtonDEUSA

背景和目的根据统计,中国糖尿病患病人数超过九千万人,每十个成年人中就有一例,是世界上糖尿病患者最多的国家。近期降糖药的长期心血管安全性已成为监管机构和大众的仔细审核项目。沙格列汀(SAXA)是一个高效的选择性二肽基肽脢-4(DPP-4...

背景和目的根据统计,中国糖尿病患病人数超过九千万人,每十个成年人中就有一例,是世界上糖尿病患者最多的国家。近期降糖药的长期心血管安全性已成为监管机构和大众的仔细审核项目。沙格列汀(SAXA)是一个高效的选择性二肽基肽脢-4(DPP-4)抑制剂,用于2型糖尿病(T2D)的单药或联合治疗。在临床前研究,SAXA对于ECG、hERG、或Purkinje评估没有影响,也没有心脏毒性。

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沙格列汀在接受沙格列汀为单药或联合治疗的2型糖尿病患者中的心...

Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

中华医学会糖尿病学分会第十六次全国学术会议

作者： Robert Frederich mark Donovan Niklas Berglind Susan Harris Roland Chen Robert Wolf Bristol-myers Squibb LawrencevilleNJUSA Bristol-myers Squibb HopewellNJUSA AstraZeneca WilmingtonDEUSA

目的根据统计,我国总糖尿病患病人数达9千2百万以上,糖尿病前期人数达1亿4千8百万以上。近期降糖药的长期心血管安全性已成为监管机构和大众的仔细审核项目。沙格列汀(SAXA)是一个高效的选择性二肽基肽脢-4(DPP-4)抑制剂,用于2型糖尿病(...

目的根据统计,我国总糖尿病患病人数达9千2百万以上,糖尿病前期人数达1亿4千8百万以上。近期降糖药的长期心血管安全性已成为监管机构和大众的仔细审核项目。沙格列汀(SAXA)是一个高效的选择性二肽基肽脢-4(DPP-4)抑制剂,用于2型糖尿病(T2D)的单药或联合治疗。在临床前研究,SAXA对于ECG、hERG或Purkinje评估没有影响,也没有心脏毒性。40 mg/d或400 mg/d的SAXA剂量不会

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel