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Numerical Modeling of Air Pollutants Emitted by Waterway Transportation

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第6期4卷 123-136页

作者： marilia Mitidieri Fernandes de Oliveira Nelson Francisco Favilla Ebecken Jorge Luiz Fernandes de Oliveira Marina Aires Center of Technology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program-COPPE/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Geography Postgraduate Program Geoscience Institute of Fluminense Federal University-UFF Niterói Brazil Meteorology Postgraduate Program Geoscience Institute Department of Meteorology of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The world maritime transportation is suffering a large increase in recent years and as a result of this increased on global trade, there is a consequent increase in waterway transportation and demand for fossil fuels, resulting in emissions of air pollutants. Consequently, the impact of transport emissions on climate change was put on the list of priorities. It has a high fuel demand as a result of continuous use of main engines for propulsion, electricity and heat production. The highest exposure levels of air pollution are found in ports and near them because most of the world fleet is positioned in these areas. The port of rio de Janeiro city, in the Southeast Brazilian coastal, is inserted in the Guanabara Bay (GB), where the breezes recirculate pollutants in Metropolitan region of rio de Janeiro (MrrJ). Therefore, the aim of this research was to use the Brazilian regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BrAMS) to generate the wind fields in the MrrJ and to calculate the trajectories of pollutants emitted on GB related to the waterway transportation, using a 3D kinematic trajectories model. results demonstrated that for the periods analysed, the Central and west areas in the coastal region of the rio de Janeiro city were the local most affected in the summer. In winter the trajectories reached the cities of the rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias. Both in summer and winter, the trajectories followed towards the South Atlantic Ocean in the morning. Conclusions about this study show the need of decision-making process for better management of waterway transportation sector, improving the harmful effects on air quality in cities located in coastal regions.

关键词： Maritime Transport Ship Emissions Air Pollution Meteorological Models Guanabara Bay

Strip-coalesced interior zone model for two unequal collinear cracks weakening piezoelectric media

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第10期35卷 1249-1260页

作者： r.r.BHArGAVA K.JANGID Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology roorkee

In this paper, a mathematical strip-saturation model is proposed for a poled transversely isotropic piezoelectric plate weakened by two impermeable unequal-collinear hairline straight cracks. remotely applied in-plane unidirectional electromechanical loads open the cracks in mode-I such that the saturation zone developed at the interior tips of cracks gets coalesced. The developed saturation zones are arrested by distributing over their rims in-plane normal cohesive electrical displacement. The problem is solved using the Stroh formalism and the complex variable technique. The expressions are derived for the stress intensity factors （SIFs）, the lengths of the saturation zones developed, the crack opening displacement （COD）, and the energy release rate. An illustrative numerical case study is presented for the poled PZT-5H ceramic to investigate the effect of prescribed electromechanical loads on parameters affecting crack arrest. Also, the effect of different lengths of cracks on the SIFs and the local energy release rate （LErr） has been studied. The results obtained are graphically presented and analyzed.

关键词： crack opening displacement (COD) energy release rate piezoelectric ce-ramic Stroh formalism saturation zone unequal-collinear crack

The burden of prolonged sedentary behavior imposed by uberization

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第2期5卷 159-163页

作者： Thalles Guilarducci Costa Vinnycius Nunes de Oliveira Douglas Assis Teles Santos ricardo Borges Viana marilia Santos Andrade rodrigo Luiz Vancini Katja Weiss Beat Knechtle Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano Faculdade de Educação Física e DançaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil Colegiado de Educação Física Universidade do Estado da BahiaCampus XTeixeira de FreitasBahiaBrazil Instituto de Educação Física e Esportes Universidade Federal do CearáFortalezaBrazil Departamento de Fisiologia Universidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Centro de Educação Física e Desportos Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoVitóriaBrazil Institute of Primary Care University of Zurich8006ZurichSwitzerland Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz 9000St.GallenSwitzerland

Mobility applications are rapidly growing in cities worldwide due to their convenience and low *** applications drivers experience vast flexibility in work hours,often work longer than in fixed-hours jobs,and can constantly transport passengers in their vehicles for up to 12 h;after this,they must go offline for eight consecutive hours before driving ***,drivers have found an easy way around this limitation by switching to other apps and continuing *** burden of prolonged work can increase sedentary behavior among mobility applications *** behavior is any waking activity in which the individual expends 1.5 metabolic equivalents(METs)or less while sitting or *** behavior can increase the risk of detrimental effects on *** this opinion article,we aim to discuss the possible effects of the burden of prolonged work on the sedentary behavior of mobility applications drivers and propose possible strategies to face this concerning situation.

关键词： Mobility application Drivers Health outcomes Sedentary lifestyle Quality of life

Design, simulation and construction of the Taban tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第4期20卷 112-120页

作者： H r MIrZAEI r AMrOLLAHI Statistics of Department of Energy Engineering & Physics Amirkabir University of Tehran Tehran lran

This paper describes the design and construction of the Taban tokamak, which is located in Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. The Taban tokamak was designed for plasma investigation. The design, simulation and construction of essential parts of the Taban tokamak such as the toroidal field(TF) system, ohmic heating(OH) system and equilibrium field system and their power supplies are presented. For the Taban tokamak, the toroidal magnetic coil was designed to produce a maximum field of 0.7 T at r?=?0.45 m. The power supply of the TF was a130 kJ, 0–10 kV capacitor bank. ripples of toroidal magnetic field at the plasma edge and plasma center are 0.2% and 0.014%, respectively. For the OH system with 3 kA current, the stray field in the plasma region is less than 40 G over 80% of the plasma volume. The power supply of the OH system consists of two stages, as follows. The fast bank stage is a 120 μF, 0–5 k V capacitor that produces 2.5 kA in 400 μs and the slow bank stage is 93 mF, 600 V that can produce a maximum of 3 kA. The equilibrium system can produce uniform magnetic field at plasma volume. This system’s power supply, like the OH system, consists of two stages, so that the fast bank stage is 500 μF, 800 V and the slow bank stage is 110 mF, 200 V.

关键词： tokamak magnetic field equilibrium

Analysis and Optimization of Operational and Pollutant Attributes of Diesel Engine with CNT-Infused Orange Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： ranjeet rAI r.r.SAHOO Mechanical Engineering Department GLA UniversityMathura281406India Mechanical Engineering Department IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The current study is performed to find sustainable solutions for the future of transportation and environmental *** conventional methods and experimental design table(L16 Orthogonal Array)techniques have been employed to examine and optimize a diesel-powered engine's operational and pollutant *** L16 Orthogonal Array is obtained through Taguchi's experimental design approach using Minitab 16 *** experimental design incorporated three control variables,namely engine speed,fuel type,and engine load,each with four *** operational parameters,namely brake thermal efficiency(BTE)and brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC),as well as the emission characteristics,including hydrocarbon(HC),carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxide(NO),and smoke emissions,were acquired using the L16 orthogonal array(OA) and subsequently *** utilization of methodologies such as signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio and grey analysis was employed to determine the optimal operational state of the engine to achieve maximum performance while minimizing *** engine's ideal state of operation,in terms of BTE and BSFC,was determined to be at 75% engine load,1000 r/min engine speed,and using 10^(-4)(in vol) carbon nanotube incorporated 20% orange peel biodiesel(OPB20CNT100) blended fuel(A3-B1-C4).The study indicated that engine load significantly influenced BTE and BSFC,with 84.05% and 87.79% contribution factors,*** 25% engine load,1000 r/min,and OPB20CNT100 fuel(A1-B1-C4) CO,smoke,NO,and HC emissions were the *** load affects emissions the *** BSFC increased 3.10% and NO emissions 1.77%.BTE,CO,smoke,and HC emissions decreased by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,and 47.22%,respectively,at optimal operating conditions concerning diesel *** study shows that Taguchi-Grey's experimental design optimizes diesel engine operational and pollutant *** outcomes revealed that orange peel biodiesel infused with CNT can replace diesel fuel in a

关键词： Taguchi-Grey method OPB20CNT100 transesterification S/N ratio GrG HC CO and NO

The effect of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear resonance of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite rectangular plates

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第9期39卷 1219-1238页

作者： r.GHOLAMI r.ANSArI Department of Mechanical Engineering Lahijan Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Guilan

The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear dynamical characteristics of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite(FG-CNTrC) rectangular plates under a harmonic excitation transverse load. The considered plate is assumed to be made of matrix and single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs). The rule of mixture is employed to calculate the effective material properties of the plate. Within the framework of the parabolic shear deformation plate theory with taking the influence of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia into account, Hamilton’s principle is utilized to derive the geometrically nonlinear mathematical formulation including the governing equations and corresponding boundary conditions of initially imperfect FG-CNTrC plates. Afterwards, with the aid of an efficient multistep numerical solution methodology, the frequency-amplitude and forcing-amplitude curves of initially imperfect FG-CNTrC rectangular plates with various edge conditions are provided, demonstrating the influence of initial imperfection,geometrical parameters, and edge conditions. It is displayed that an increase in the initial geometric imperfection intensifies the softening-type behavior of system, while no softening behavior can be found in the frequency-amplitude curve of a perfect plate.

关键词： nonlinear dynamical characteristics imperfect functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite(FG-CNTrC) rectangular plate geometric imperfection sensitivity

Prevalence of autoantibodies against cellular antigens in patients with HIV and leprosy coinfection in the Amazon region

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 704-711页

作者： Clea Nazare Carneiro Bichara Carlos David Araujo Bichara Camila Tostes Marinete Marins Povoa Juarez Antonio Simoes Quaresma marilia Brasil Xavier Center of Biological and Health Sciences State University of ParaCampus II-CCBSRua Perebebui n°2623MarcoBelemPA 66087-670Brazil Evandro Chagas Institute Ministry of HealthAnanindeuaPABrazil Tropical Medicine Center Federal University of ParaBelemPABrazil

Background:Infectious agents can activate self-reactive T *** general,infections trigger various mechanisms,including a lack of auto-tolerance,induction of costimulatory molecules on antigen presenting cells,and molecular simulation,in addition to cross-reactions between microbial antigens and *** and leprosy coinfections lead to self-immunity with the production of ***,not enough data on the immune behaviour associated with this coinfection are ***,this study focused on the detection of autoantibodies against cellular antigens(AACA)in individuals with HIV and leprosy coinfection in the Amazon ***:Patients were distributed into four groups according to their infections:(i)coinfection with HIV and leprosy(n=23),(ii)infection with leprosy(n=33),(iii)infection with HIV/AIDS(n=25),and(iv)healthy blood donor controls(n=100).AACA were identified by indirect immunofluorescence and the samples were tested using a commercial diagnosis kit containing the antinuclear antibody ***:Morphologically,all stages of cell division were assessed in addition to the morphological features associated with the nuclear matrix,nucleolus,mitotic spindle,and *** was a high prevalence of AACA in the coinfection group(47.8%,n=11)when compared with the control group of healthy blood donors(2.0%).The results showed predominantly cytoplasmic staining in all groups analysed,and no difference was observed between the presence or absence of AACA and the leprosy forms(paucibacillary and multibacillary)in the coinfection ***:The results of this study show that despite the tendency of coinfected patients to have higher levels of autoantibodies,no correlation was observed between clinical and laboratorial variables and morbidity associated with HIV and leprosy coinfections or the levels of AACA in the serum of coinfected *** data are important to elucidate this complex relationship between HIV a

关键词： Leprosy HIV Autoantibodies Immunology Amazon region

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Only Attract Ants?The Versatility of Petiolar Extrafloral Nectaries in Passiflora

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第2期4卷 460-469页

作者： Poliana Cardoso-Gustavson Nathalia L.Andreazza Alexandra C.H.F.Sawaya marilia de Moraes Castro Pós-Graduacao em Biologia Vegetal Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasCampinasBrazil Núcleo de Pesquisa em Anatomia Vegetal Instituto de BotanicaSao PauloBrazil Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Estadual de CampinasCampinasBrazil

Passiflora species presents a coevolutive relationship with Heliconiini butterflies, their primary herbivores. The Heliconiini caterpillars are able to detoxify toxic compounds produced by Passiflora, thus morphological defense strategies stand out over chemical innovations. In this framework, we highlight the presence of mimetic structures and extrafloral nectaries (EFN) as morphological strategies. Heliconian butterflies oviposit only on leaves that do not possess previous eggs, so the presence of egg mimics could prevent the oviposition. EFN are glands that offer nectar to territorial and aggressive ants, establishing mutualistic relationships. Here, we present a structural and chemical analysis of petiolar EFN and nectar from Passiflora alata and P. edulis in order to have insights about the implications of these features in deterring heliconian caterpillars. P. alata have one to four stipitate-crateriform EFN while P. edulis possess a pair of convex glands. Butterflies lay their eggs isolatedly or in up to three on leaves of both species. Our morphological results suggest that EFN from P. alata may act as egg mimics. Ontogenetic data suggest that the variation in the number of glands observed in this species is a serial homology, wherein the selection pressure for this variation is possibly the oviposition pattern. P. alata retain alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids inside nectariferous cells;sugars and flavonoids are found in the nectar of both species, while alkaloids are also detected in P. edulis. There is a selective retention/release of secondary metabolites from the EFN tissues to nectar. Knowing that these compounds can be dissuasive to some herbivores and inoffensive to others, we plotted this relationship in a consumer growth versus secondary metabolite concentration diagram. Our results suggest a more active role in the modulation of the gland defense from plants besides the establishment of a mutualistic relationship with ants, an important respons

关键词： Passiflora alata Curtis Passiflora edulis Sims Egg Mimics Anatomy Secondary Metabolites

Moore-Gibson-Thompson theory for thermoelastic dielectrics

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第2期42卷 309-316页

作者： J.r.FErNANDEZ r.QUINTANILLA Department of Applied Mathematics I University of VigoCampus As Lagoas MarcosendeVigo 36310Spain Department of Mathematics Polytechnic University of CataloniaTerrassa 08222Spain

We consider the system of equations determining the linear thermoelastic deformations of dielectrics within the recently called Moore-Gibson-Thompson(MGT)***,we obtain the system of equations for such a ***,we consider the case of a rigid solid and show the existence and the exponential decay of ***,we consider the thermoelastic case and obtain the existence and the stability of the *** decay of solutions in the one-dimensional case is also recalled.

关键词： Moore-Gibson-Thompson(MGT)thermoelastic dielectrics existence semigroup exponential decay