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A field guide for aging passerine nestlings using growth data and predictive modeling

Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 141-149页

作者： Audrey A.Sanchez Andrew W.Bartlow Allison M.Chan Jeanne M.Fair Aaron A.Skinner Kelly Hutchins maria a.musgrave Emily M.Phillips Brent E.Thompson Charles D.Hathcock Environmental Stewardship Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Biosecurity and Public Health Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Water Program N3BLos AlamosNMUSA

Background:Accurate nestling age is valuable for studies on nesting strategies,productivity,and impacts on repro-ductive *** aging guides consist of descriptions and photographs that are time consuming to read and subjective to *** Western Bluebird(Sialia mexicana)is a secondary cavity-nesting passerine that nests in coniferous and open deciduous *** box programs for cavity-nesting species have provided suitable nesting locations and opportunities for data collection on nestling growth and ***:We developed models for predicting the age of Western Bluebird nestlings from morphometric meas-urements using model training and *** were developed for mass,tarsus,and two different culmen ***:Our models were accurate to within less than a day,and each model worked best for a specific age *** mass and tarsus models can be used to estimate the ages of Western Bluebird nestlings 0-10 days old and were accurate to within 0.5 days for mass and 0.7 days for *** culmen models can be used to estimate ages of nest-lings 0-15 days old and were also accurate to within less than a *** daily mean,minimum,and maximum values of each morphometric measurement are provided and can be used in the field for accurate nestling age estimations in real ***:The model training and validation procedures used here demonstrate that this method can create aging models that are highly *** methods can be applied to any passerine species provided sufficient nest-ling morphometric data are available.

关键词： Cavity-nesting Nest boxes Nestling development Predictive models Western Bluebird

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A Radial Basis Function Method with Improved Accuracy for Fourth Order Boundary Value Problems

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第7期12卷 2559-2573页

作者： Scott A. Sarra Derek musgrave Marcus Stone Joseph I. Powell Department of Mathematics Marshall University Huntington WV USA

Accurately approximating higher order derivatives is an inherently difficult problem. It is shown that a random variable shape parameter strategy can improve the accuracy of approximating higher order derivatives with Radial Basis Function methods. The method is used to solve fourth order boundary value problems. The use and location of ghost points are examined in order to enforce the extra boundary conditions that are necessary to make a fourth-order problem well posed. The use of ghost points versus solving an overdetermined linear system via least squares is studied. For a general fourth-order boundary value problem, the recommended approach is to either use one of two novel sets of ghost centers introduced here or else to use a least squares approach. When using either ghost centers or least squares, the random variable shape parameter strategy results in significantly better accuracy than when a constant shape parameter is used.

关键词： Numerical Partial Differential Equations Boundary Value Problems Radial Basis Function Methods Ghost Points Variable Shape Parameter Least Squares

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暑假乐逍遥——不可错过的避暑胜地

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疯狂英语（初中天地） 2008年第7期 33-37页

作者： Ruth a.musgrave 洪馥芝

五彩缤纷的暑假又来了!今年暑假打算怎么过?是呆在家一边吃冰淇淋一边享受凉爽的空调,还是到户外舒展筋骨?年轻有活力的你可不要浪费了外面灿烂的阳光哦。快来跟我们畅游天南地北吧!出外旅行少不了花钱,这对盘川不多的广大学生来说可是... 详细信息

五彩缤纷的暑假又来了!今年暑假打算怎么过?是呆在家一边吃冰淇淋一边享受凉爽的空调,还是到户外舒展筋骨?年轻有活力的你可不要浪费了外面灿烂的阳光哦。快来跟我们畅游天南地北吧!出外旅行少不了花钱,这对盘川不多的广大学生来说可是一大问题。所以我们在《简约度假法支招》这个附文中为大家介绍了几种省钱又好玩的度假法,你也可以试试哦!

关键词：伦敦塔冰淇淋巨嘴鸟珊瑚礁避暑胜地

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In-situ optical pumping for polarizing 3He neutron spin filters at the China Spallation Neutron Source

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第4期65卷 49-54页

作者： Junpei Zhang Chuyi Huang Zecong Qin Fan Ye Syed Mohd Amir Ahmed Salman Yuchen Dong Long Tian Zachary Norris Buck Wolfgang Kreuzpaintner Matthew musgrave Xin Qi Tianhao Wang Xin Tong Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder 80305USA

In this paper,we present the performance of a recently developed in-situ spin-exchange optically pumped^(3)He-neutron spin filter system at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS).The system achieved a^(3)He polarization of over 74%at the beamline *** of neutron transmission experiment results reveals a neutron polarization of>90%and an average transmission of 27%for 2.2Åneutrons,which were maintained for a duration of 120 h of beam *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first in-situ hyperpolarized^(3)He system incorporated on a neutron beamline in *** technology is expected to provide stable,wide-angle,and highly polarized neutrons at the CSNS for materials research and fundamental neutron physics.

关键词： spin-exchange optical pumping ^(3)He polarization neutron spin filter neutron polarization

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大熊猫与竹子开花

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英语沙龙（初级版） 2008年第10期 14-15页

作者： Ruth a.musgrave 关涛

竹子开花竟然会威胁到大熊猫的生存,这到底是怎么回事呢?用餐时间的大熊猫像个蹒跚学步的小孩,它坐在地上,两腿伸向身体前方,嘴里津津有味地嚼着竹子。大熊猫有力的上下颌与咀嚼力强大的大型臼齿——大约是人类牙齿的3倍大——使得它可... 详细信息

竹子开花竟然会威胁到大熊猫的生存,这到底是怎么回事呢?用餐时间的大熊猫像个蹒跚学步的小孩,它坐在地上,两腿伸向身体前方,嘴里津津有味地嚼着竹子。大熊猫有力的上下颌与咀嚼力强大的大型臼齿——大约是人类牙齿的3倍大——使得它可以轻松地吃下坚韧的竹子。一天之内,它能像我们吃胡萝卜条一样容易地吃掉20~40磅重的竹子。一只大熊猫一年吃掉1万磅竹子。

关键词：咀嚼力 bamboo 蹒跚学步 haven panda Bamboo flowering habit

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Evidence for the ef?cacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期17卷 87-92页

作者： Rachael Farrington Ian F.musgrave Roger W.Byard Adelaide Medical School The University of Adelaide Forensic Science SA

Rising rates of obesity across the globe have been associated with an increase in the use of herbal preparations for weight control. However, the mechanisms of action for these substances are often not known,as is the potential for interaction with other herbal preparations or prescription pharmaceutical drugs. To investigate the reported efficacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations, we conducted a review of the literature focusing on herbs that are most commonly used in weight loss preparations, specifically,Garcinia cambogia, Camellia sinensis, Hoodia gordonii, Citrus aurantium and Coleus forskohlii. There was no clear evidence that the above herbal preparations would cause sustained long-term weight loss in humans in the long term. Serious illness and even death have occasionally resulted from the use of herbal weight loss preparations. Few clinical trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and/or safety of herbal weight loss preparations. In addition, potential issues of herb–herb and herb–drug interactions are often not considered. Regulation of these products is much less rigorous than for prescription medications, despite documented cases of associated hepatotoxicity.

关键词： Weight loss Hepatotoxicity Complementary medicine Traditional Chinese medicine

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Recent progress in research and forecasting of tropical cyclone outer size

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 151-164页

作者： Benjamin A.Schenkel Chris Noble Daniel Chavas Kelvin T.F.Chan Stephen J.Barlow Amit Singh Kate musgrave Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA NOAA/OAR National Severe Storms Laboratory NormanOKUSA School of Meteorology University of OklahomaOklahomaUSA MetService WellingtonNew Zealand Department of Earth Atmosphericand Planetary SciencePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversitySouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhaiChina Joint Typhoon Warning Center Pearl HarborHawaiiUSA Fiji Meteorological Service NadiFiji Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Fort CollinsCOUSA

This review article summarizes the current understanding and recent updates to tropical cyclone outer size and structure forecasting and research primarily since 2018 as part of the World Meteorological Organization's 10th International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones.A more complete understanding of tropical cyclone outer wind and precipitation is key to anticipating storm intensification and the scale and magnitude of landfalling *** first discuss the relevance of tropical cyclone outer size and structure,improvements in our understanding of its life cycle and inter-basin variability,and the processes that impact outer size *** next focus on current forecasting practices and differences among warning centers,recent advances in operational forecasting,and new observations of the storm outer wind *** also summarize recent research on projected tropical cyclone outer size and structure changes by the late 21st ***,we discuss recommendations for the future of tropical cyclone outer size forecasting and research.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Climate change Operational forecasting Outer size Outer structure

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Analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reactions to echinacea, valerian,black cohosh and ginkgo in Australia from 2000 to 2015

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 338-343页

作者： Claire L.Hoban Roger W.Byard Ian F.musgrave Discipline of Pharmacology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Objective: Assessing adverse drug reactions(ADRs) is a proven method to estimate the safety of medicines. The ADRs to herbal medicines in Australia(and by inference, the safety of herbal medicines in Australia) remain unknown. This study examines spontaneous ADR cases to four of the most popular herbs in Australia from 2000 to 2015: echinacea(Echinacea purpurea), valerian(Valeriana officinalis), black cohosh(Actaea racemosa) and ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba).Methods: ADRs of echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo reported to the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration(TGA) between 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the TGA database. Data were collated and analysed according to age, sex, severity, type of ADR and body system affected. Statistics were calculated using Graph Pad Prism ***: Most ADRs were mild or moderate. However, every herbal medicine was associated with lifethreatening ADRs. In each life-threatening case, the herbal medicine was taken concomitantly with prescription medications. Black cohosh was associated with a significant number of severe ADRs(30.3% of the total), with 39.4% of these ADRs being associated with abnormal hepatic function, hepatitis or ***: This study highlights the lack of public awareness with regard to herb–drug interactions,since most of the severe ADRs involved a herb–drug interaction.

关键词： Herbal medicine Adverse drug reaction Actaea racemosa Echinacea purpurea Ginkgo biloba Valeriana officinalis

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Review of laser diagnostics at the Vulcan laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第3期3卷 3-12页

作者： Ian musgrave Marco Galimberti Alexis Boyle Cristina Hernandez-Gomez Andrew Kidd Bryn Parry Dave Pepler Trevor Winstone John Collier Central Laser Facility Science and Technology Facilities CouncilRAL

In this paper we review the provision of the laser diagnostics that are installed on the Vulcan laser facility. We will present strategies for dealing with the energy of high energy systems and with ways of handling the beam sizes of the lasers. We present data captured during typical experimental campaigns to demonstrate their reliability and variation in shot to shot values.

关键词： calorimeter high power laser laser diagnostics pulse energy

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The role of decomposition reactions in assessing first-principles predictions of solid stability

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 1120-1128页

作者： Christopher J.Bartel Alan W.Weimer Stephan Lany Charles B.musgrave Aaron M.Holder Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO 80401USA Department of Chemistry University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA

The performance of density functional theory approximations for predicting materials thermodynamics is typically assessed by comparing calculated and experimentally determined enthalpies of formation from elemental phases,ΔH_(f).However,a compound competes thermodynamically with both other compounds and their constituent elemental forms,and thus,the enthalpies of the decomposition reactions to these competing phases,ΔH_(d),determine thermodynamic *** evaluated the phase diagrams for 56,791 compounds to classify decomposition reactions into three types:*** that produce elemental phases,*** that produce compounds,and *** that produce *** analysis shows that the decomposition into elemental forms is rarely the competing reaction that determines compound stability and that approximately two-thirds of decomposition reactions involve no elemental *** experimentally reported formation enthalpies for 1012 solid compounds,we assess the accuracy of the generalized gradient approximation(GGA)(PBE)and meta-GGA(SCAN)density functionals for predicting compound *** 646 decomposition reactions that are not trivially the formation reaction,PBE(mean absolute difference between theory and experiment(MAD)=70 meV/atom)and SCAN(MAD=59 meV/atom)perform similarly,and commonly employed correction schemes using fitted elemental reference energies make only a negligible improvement(~2 meV/atom).Furthermore,for 231 reactions involving only compounds(Type 2),the agreement between SCAN,PBE,and experiment is within~35 meV/atom and is thus comparable to the magnitude of experimental uncertainty.

关键词： stability stability solid

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