Analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reactions to echinacea, valerian,black cohosh and ginkgo in Australia from 2000 to 2015

作     者：Claire L.Hoban Roger W.Byard Ian F.Musgrave 

作者机构：Discipline of PharmacologyThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Discipline of Anatomy and PathologyThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia 

出 版 物：《Journal of Integrative Medicine》 (结合医学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第17卷第5期

页      面：338-343页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：the University of Adelaide for funding provided through a divisional scholarship 

主　　题：Herbal medicine Adverse drug reaction Actaea racemosa Echinacea purpurea Ginkgo biloba Valeriana officinalis 

摘      要：Objective: Assessing adverse drug reactions(ADRs) is a proven method to estimate the safety of medicines. The ADRs to herbal medicines in Australia(and by inference, the safety of herbal medicines in Australia) remain unknown. This study examines spontaneous ADR cases to four of the most popular herbs in Australia from 2000 to 2015: echinacea(Echinacea purpurea), valerian(Valeriana officinalis), black cohosh(Actaea racemosa) and ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba).Methods: ADRs of echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo reported to the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration(TGA) between 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the TGA database. Data were collated and analysed according to age, sex, severity, type of ADR and body system affected. Statistics were calculated using Graph Pad Prism ***: Most ADRs were mild or moderate. However, every herbal medicine was associated with lifethreatening ADRs. In each life-threatening case, the herbal medicine was taken concomitantly with prescription medications. Black cohosh was associated with a significant number of severe ADRs(30.3% of the total), with 39.4% of these ADRs being associated with abnormal hepatic function, hepatitis or ***: This study highlights the lack of public awareness with regard to herb–drug interactions,since most of the severe ADRs involved a herb–drug interaction.