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Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis:Strategies to avoid tumor recurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第43期17卷 4741-4746页

作者： marco Vivarelli Andrea Risaliti Department of Surgery and Transplantation University of BolognaS Orsola Hospital Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic and Transplantation Surgery Polytechnic University of MarcheOspedali Riuniti

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most frequent neoplasms worldwide and in most cases it is associated with chronic liver *** transplantation(LT) is potentially the optimal treatment for those patients with HCC who have a poor functional hepatic reserve due to their underlying chronic liver ***,due to the limited availability of donors,only those patients whose oncologic profile is favorable can be considered for *** the careful selection of candidates based on strict rules,10 to 20%of liver transplant recipients who have HCC in the native cirrhotic liver develop tumor recurrence after *** selection criteria presently employed to minimize the risk of recurrence are based on gross tumor characteristics defined by imaging techniques;unfortunately,the accuracy of imaging is far from being ***,microscopic tumor features that are strictly linked with prognosis can not be assessed prior to ***-transplantation tumor downstaging may allow transplantation in patients initially outside the selection criteria and seems to improve the prognosis;it also provides information on tumor *** peculiarity of the transplantation setting,when this is compared with other modalities of treatment,is the need for pharmacological immunosuppression:this is based on drugs that have been demonstrated to increase the risk of tumor *** HCC is an aggressive malignancy,immunosuppression has to be handled carefully in patients who have HCC at the time of transplantation and new categories of immunosuppressive agents should be *** chemotherapy following transplantation has failed to show any significant *** aim of the present study is to review the possible strategies to avoid recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation based on the current clinical evidence and the more recent developments and to discuss possible future directions.

关键词： Chemotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunosuppression Liver transplantation Tumor recurrence

The roles of microglia in viral encephalitis:from sensome to therapeutic targeting

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 250-258页

作者： Chintan Chhatbar marco Prinz Institute of Neuropathology Medical FacultyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Center for Basics in NeuroModulation(NeuroModulBasics) Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Viral encephalitis is a devastating disease with high mortality,and survivors often suffer from severe neurological *** are innate immune cells of the central nervous system(CNS)parenchyma whose turnover is reliant on local *** express a diverse range of proteins,which allows them to continuously sense the environment and quickly react to *** inflammatory conditions such as CNS viral infection,microglia promote innate and adaptive immune responses to protect the ***,during viral infection,a dysregulated microglia-T-cell interplay may result in altered phagocytosis of neuronal synapses by microglia that causes neurocognitive *** this review,we summarize the current knowledge on the role of microglia in viral encephalitis,propose questions to be answered in the future and suggest possible therapeutic targets.

关键词： microglial activation viral encephalitis neurocognitive issues purinergic signaling PRR signaling

HIGH-ORDER WENO SIMULATIONS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL RESHOCKED RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY TO LATE TIMES:DYNAMICS,DEPENDENCE ON INITIAL CONDITIONS,AND COMPARISONS TO EXPERIMENTAL DATA

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第2期30卷 595-620页

作者： Oleg Schilling marco Latini Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Applied and Computational Mathematics California Institute of Technology CNA Corporation

The dynamics of the reshocked multi-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability is investigated using 513 × 257^2 three-dimensional ninth-order weighted essentially nonoscil- latory shock-capturing simulations. A two-mode initial perturbation with superposed ran- dom noise is used to model the Mach 1.5 air/SF6 Vetter-Sturtevant shock tube experiment. The mass fraction and enstrophy isosurfaces, and density cross-sections are utilized to show the detailed flow structure before, during, and after reshock. It is shown that the mixing layer growth agrees well with the experimentally measured growth rate before and after reshock. The post-reshock growth rate is also in good agreement with the prediction of the Mikaelian model. A parametric study of the sensitivity of the layer growth to the choice of amplitudes of the short and long wavelength initial interfacial perturbation is also pre- sented. Finally, the amplification effects of reshock are quantified using the evolution of the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent enstrophy spectra, as well as the evolution of the baroclinic enstrophy production, buoyancy production, and shear production terms in the enstrophy and turbulent kinetic transport equations.

关键词： Richtmyer-Meshkov instability reshock mixing properties weighted essen-tially nonoscillatory (WENO) method

Non-Topological Domain Walls in a Model with Broken Supersymmetry

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第5期55卷 841-851页

作者： Leonardo Campanelli marco Ruggieri Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Bari Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University

We study non-topological, charged planar walls （Q-walls） in the context of a particle physics model with supersymmetry broken by low-energy gauge mediation. Analytical properties are derived within the fiat-potential approximation for the flat-direction raising potential, while a numerical study is performed using the fall two-loop supersymmetric potential. We analyze the energetics of finite-size Q-walls and compare them to Q-balls, non-topological solitons possessing spherical symmetry and arising in the same supersymmetric model. This allows us to draw a phase diagram in the charge-transverse length plane, which shows a region where Q-wall solutions are energetically favored over Q-balls. However, due to their finiteness, such finite-size Q-walls are dynamically unstable and decay into Q-balls in a time which is less than their typical scale-length.

关键词： Q-walls non-topological solitons

Ritt's theorem and the Heins map in hyperbolic complex manifolds

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Science China Mathematics 2005年第Z1期48卷 238-243页

作者： marco Abate Filippo Bracci Dipartimento di Matematica Università di Pisa Largo Pontecorvo 556127 PisaItalyDipartimento di Matematica Università di Roma "Tor Vergata"Via della Ricerca Scientifica00133 RomaItaly

Let X be a Kobayashi hyperbolic complex manifold, and assume that X does not contain compact complex submanifolds of positive dimension (e.g., X Stein). We shall prove the following generalization of Ritt's theorem: every holomorphic self-map f: X →X such that f(X) is relatively compact in X has a unique fixed point τ(f) ∈ X, which is attracting. Furthermore, we shall prove that τ(f) depends holomorphically on f in a suitable sense, generalizing results by Heins, Joseph-Kwack and the second author.

关键词： holomorphic self-map, fixed point, Wolff point, Ritt's theorem, Heins map, Stein manifold.

Minimally invasive approaches for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6756-6763页

作者： marco Zoccali Alessandro Fichera Department of Surgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine Department of Surgery University of Washington Medical Center

Despite significant improvements in medical management of inflammatory bowel disease, many of these patients still require surgery at some point in the course of their disease. Their young age and poor general conditions, worsened by the aggressive medical treatments, make minimally invasive approaches particularly enticing to this patient population. However, the typical inflammatory changes that characterize these diseases have hindered wide diffusion of laparoscopy in this setting, currently mostly pursued in high-volume referral centers, despite accumulating evidences in the literature supporting the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. The largest body of evidence currently available for terminal ileal Crohn's disease shows improved short term outcomes after laparoscopic surgery, with prolonged operative times. For Crohn's colitis, high quality evidence supporting laparoscopic surgery is *** preliminary results have been obtained with the adoption of laparoscopic restorative total proctocolectomy for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. A consensus about patients' selection and the need for staging has not been reached yet. Despite the lack of conclusive evidence, a wave of enthusiasm is pushing towards less invasive strategies, to further minimize surgical trauma, with single incision laparoscopic surgery being the most realistic future development.

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease

How physical and motor training affect cognitive performance: lessons from an inflammatory molecule

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2689-2690页

作者： Margherita Maffei marco Mainardi Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council(IFC-CNR)and Obesity/Lipodystrophies CenterPisa University HospitalPisaItaly Neuroscience Institute National Research Council(IN-CNR)PisaItaly

Our phenotype includes not only physical features,but also behavioral outputs such as motor schemes and learned skills,and is the result of a complex interaction between genetic background and *** fact,a good fraction of last decades’biomedical efforts were dedicated to understanding how different elements(e.g.,genetic polymorphisms,lifestyle components)participate in this interplay,ultimately contributing to affect a given phenotype up to the point of steering it towards *** and epigenetic elements are relatively easy to analyze individually using a reductionist approach,for instance via loss-or gain-of-function studies in cellular and animal models;the effects of nutrients,drugs,pollutants can be similarly tested as single specific stimuli.

关键词： instance drugs lesson

ntroduction to the special issue on the 2015 Workshop on History of Mechanism and Machine Science

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第1期11卷 1-2页

作者： marco CECCARELLI University of Cassino and South Latium Cassino 03043 Italy

The works on History of Mechanical Engineering, particularly on Mechanism and Machine Science （MMS）, not only record and recognize past achievements and personalities but also inspires innovations for the developmen...

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Red-leafed species for urban“greening”in the age of global climate change

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 151-159页

作者： Ermes Lo Piccolo marco Landi Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaVia del Borghetto 8056124 PisaItaly CIRSEC Centre for Climatic Change ImpactUniversity of PisaVia del Borghetto 8056124 PisaItaly

Urban trees provide vital ecosystem services such as mitigating heat island,improving air quality by removing various air pollutants,capturing rainwater,and acting as topsoil carbon *** aesthetic value of urban trees is also another feature that has to be considered in the context of urban *** criteria for the selection of urban trees have to respond to new challenges imposed to the cities in a near *** climate change factors increase the harshness of our cities,and thereby the plant resilience to abiotic stresses has also to be seriously considered for planning the urban ***-leafed species,characterized by the permanent presence of foliar anthocyanins,show a greater tolerance to diff erent environmental cues than green-leafed species commonly used in our *** addition,red tree species own a great aesthetic value which has been underestimated in the context of urban areas,especially in the harsh Mediterranean *** this study,we emphasize the“privilege of being red”from diff erent point of view,in order to drive the attention to the possibility to increase the use of red-leafed species for urban“greening”.Some possible negative aspects related to their use are rebutted and the direction of future researches are proposed.

关键词： Abiotic stress Anthocyanin Ecosystem service Photoprotection Urban forestry