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Tungsten oxide-anchored Ru clusters with electron-rich and anti-corrosive microenvironments for efficient and robust seawater splitting

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SusMat 2024年第1期4卷 106-115页

作者： Yiming Zhang Weiqiong Zheng Huijuan Wu Ran Zhu Yinghan wang mao wang Tian Ma Chong Cheng Zhiyuan Zeng Shuang Li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Marine PollutionCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong KongShenzhenChina

Ruthenium(Ru)has been recognized as a prospective candidate to substitute platinum catalysts in water-splitting-based hydrogen production.However,minimizing the Ru contents,optimizing the water dissociation energy of Ru sites,and enhancing the long-term stability are extremely required,but still face a great challenge.Here,we report on creating tungsten oxide-anchored Ru clusters(Ru-WO_(x))with electron-rich and anti-corrosive microenvironments for efficient and robust seawater splitting.Benefiting from the abundant oxygen vacancy structure in tungsten oxide support,the Ru-WO_(x)exhibits strong Ru-O and Ru-W bonds at the interface.Our study elucidates that the strong Ru-O bonds in Ru-WO_(x)may accelerate the water dissociation kinetics,and the Ru-W bonds will lead to the strong metal-support interaction and electrons transfer fromWto Ru.The optimal Ru-WO_(x)catalysts exhibit a low overpotential of 29 and 218mVat the current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) in alkaline and seawater media,respectively.The outstanding long-term stability discloses that the Ru-WO_(x)catalysts own efficient corrosion resistance in seawater electrolysis.We believe that thiswork offers new insights into the essential roles of electron-rich and anti-corrosivemicroenvironments in Ru-based catalysts and provide a new pathway to design efficient and robust cathodes for seawater splitting.

关键词： hydrogen production microenvironment modulation noble metal catalysts seawater splitting tungsten oxide

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Amorphous oxide semiconductor for monolithic 3D DRAM: an enabler or passer-by?

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 19-20页

作者： Shujuan mao Guilei wang Chao Zhao Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology

Since dynamic random-access memory(DRAM) was invented in 1968 and put to market in the 1970s, 1 transistor plus 1 capacitor(1T1C)(Fig. 1a) cells have been used to take advantage of their structural simplicity and ease...

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CEOs’Diverse Career Experiences and the Effectiveness of Compensation Contracts:Evidence from Compensation Stickiness

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 52-76页

作者： Shimin Sun Yongheng wang Yawen wang Mengyu mao School of Business Administration Northeastern UniversityShenyang110169China

CEO compensation stickiness represents an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of compensation contracts.This study uses CEO career experience data and compensation stickiness data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 to investigate the compensation contracts’effectiveness of CEOs with diverse career experiences.The findings are as follows:1)Compensation stickiness is more pronounced for CEOs with diverse career experiences.According to the mechanism test,these CEOs with diverse career experiences can obtain compensation incentives by reducing corporate uncertainty perception and improving total factor productivity.This approach leads to increased compensation stickiness and the effectiveness of compensation contracts.CEOs with diverse career experiences may receive excess compensation by raising agency costs,which intensifies compensation stickiness and weakens the effectiveness of compensation contracts.2)Compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant in companies with lower investor protection,which brings about less effective compensation contracts.In contrast,in companies with higher diversification,the compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant,which delivers more effective compensation contracts.The conclusions deepen the research of CEO compensation contracts and provide a helpful reference for CEO compensation management practices.

关键词： CEOs’diverse career experiences effectiveness of compensation contracts compensation stickiness agency problems incentive mechanisms

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Modelling the formation and dissolution behavior of alumina agglomerate in the cryolite

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 211-222页

作者： Jiaqi wang mao Li Benjun Cheng Hesong Li School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

The presence of alumina agglomerates seriously affects the current efficiency of the aluminum electrolysis process.Clarify the dynamic dissolution process of agglomerates is essential to improve the current efficiency of aluminum electrolysis.A mathematical model is proposed to describe the different phenomena from the formation until complete dissolution of agglomerates.Considering permeation and solidification processes of cryolite,a semi-analytical mathematical model is developed to formulate the formation,melting and dissolution processes of agglomerates,and the time duration for each stage is deduced.Porosity and heat mass transfer of agglomerates are explored based on the packing theory and mechanism of heat mass transfer in wet porous media.Dimensionless approach is applied to investigate the main factors affecting the dissolution stages and porosity of agglomerates.The results show that the superheat has a great influence on the formation and melting stage,the diameter of agglomerates can reach 14.93 mm for 200 particles agglomerated.The density decreases with the increase of agglomerated particle number,which varies in the range of 2.27-2.28 g/cm^(3).The average dissolution rate of agglomerates is about 1.83×10^(-5)-2.95×10^(-5) kg/s within the range of alumina concentration in this study.

关键词： Mathematical model Alumina agglomerate Porous media Packing theory Heatand mass transfer

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Advances in immunotherapy for biliary tract cancers

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 524-532页

作者： Yuhao Zhao mao Yang Jiayi Feng Xu’an wang Yingbin Liu Department of Biliary–Pancreatic Surgery Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Shanghai Cancer Institute State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai 200127China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Shanghai 200082China

Biliary tract cancers(BTC),a heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis,including gallbladder cancer(GBC),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC),and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECC).Although surgery is currently the primary regimen to treat BTC,most BTC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and miss the opportunity of surgical eradication.As a result,non-surgical therapy serves as the main intervention for advanced BTC.In recent years,immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising therapies in a number of solid cancers,and it includes immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)monotherapy or combined therapy,tumor vaccines,oncolytic virus immunotherapy,adoptive cell therapy(ACT),and cytokine therapy.However,these therapies have been practiced in limited clinical settings in patients with BTC.In this review,we focus on the discussion of latest advances of immunotherapy in BTC and update the progress of multiple current clinical trials with different immunotherapies.

关键词： Immunotherapy Biliary tract cancers Immune checkpoint inhibitors Cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder cancer

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Area Operators on Bergman Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第5期40卷 1161-1176页

作者： Xiao Fen LV Jordi PAU mao Fa wang Department of Mathematics Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000P.R.China Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona08007 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China

We completely characterize the boundedness of area operators from the Bergman spaces A_(α)^(p)(Bn)to the Lebesgue spaces L^(q)(S_(n))for all 0 详细信息

We completely characterize the boundedness of area operators from the Bergman spaces A_(α)^(p)(Bn)to the Lebesgue spaces L^(q)(S_(n))for all 0

关键词： Area operator Bergman space tent space area formula

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Enhanced hepatic metabolic perturbation of polystyrene nanoplastics by UV irradiation-induced hydroxyl radical generation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 259-268页

作者： Shiyu He Jingran wang Lihong Zhou Zhen mao Xiaodan Zhang Jin Cai Peili Huang School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

The environmental behavior of and risks associated with nanoplastics(NPs)have attracted considerable attention.However,compared to pristine NPs,environmental factors such as ultraviolet(UV)irradiation that lead to changes in the toxicity of NPs have rarely been studied.We evaluated the changes in morphology and physicochemical properties of polystyrene(PS)NPs before and after UV irradiation,and compared their hepatotoxicity in mice.The results showed that UV irradiation caused particle size reduction and increased the carbonyl index(CI)and negative charge on the particle surface.UV-aged PS NPs(aPS NPs)could induce the generation of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),but also further promoted the generation of·OH in the Fenton reaction system.Hepatic pathological damage was more severe in mice exposed to aPS NPs,accompanied by a large number of vacuoles and hepatocyte balloon-like changes and more marked perturbations in blood glucose and serum lipoprotein,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels.In addition,exposure to PS NPs and aPS NPs,especially aPS NPs,triggered oxidative stress and significantly damaged the antioxidant capacity of mice liver.Compared with PS NPs,exposure to aPS NPs increased the number of altered metabolites in hepatic and corresponding metabolic pathways,especially glutathione metabolism.Our research suggests that UV irradiation can disrupt the redox balance in organisms by promoting the production of·OH,enhancing PS NPs-induced liver damage and metabolic disorders.This study will help us understand the health risks of NPs and to avoid underestimation of the risks of NPs in nature.

关键词： Polystyrene nanoplastics Ultraviolet-aged nanoplastics Metabolic pathway Metabolomics Hydroxyl radical

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Comparative transcriptome analysis between rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and crab-eating macaques(M. fascicularis)

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 299-310页

作者： Yu-Xiang mao Yamei Li Zikun Yang Ning Xu Shilong Zhang Xuankai wang Xiangyu Yang Qiang Sun Yafei mao Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science&Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology Shanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution&Animal Models Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric DisordersMinistry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Zhiyuan College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Center for Genomic Research International Institutes of MedicineFourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityYiwuZhejiang 322000China

Understanding gene expression variations between species is pivotal for deciphering the evolutionary diversity in phenotypes. Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta, MMU)and crab-eating macaques(M. fascicularis, MFA) serve as crucial nonhuman primate biomedical models with different phenotypes. To date, however, large-scale comparative transcriptome research between these two species has not yet been fully explored. Here, we conducted systematic comparisons utilizing newly sequenced RNA-seq data from84 samples(41 MFA samples and 43 MMU samples)encompassing 14 common tissues. Our findings revealed a small fraction of genes(3.7%) with differential expression between the two species, as well as 36.5% of genes with tissue-specific expression in both macaques. Comparison of gene expression between macaques and humans indicated that 22.6% of orthologous genes displayed differential expression in at least two tissues. Moreover,19.41% of genes that overlapped with macaque-specific structural variants showed differential expression between humans and macaques. Of these, the FAM220A gene exhibited elevated expression in humans compared to macaques due to lineage-specific duplication. In summary,this study presents a large-scale transcriptomic comparison between MMU and MFA and between macaques and humans. The discovery of gene expression variations not only enhances the biomedical utility of macaque models but also contributes to the wider field of primate genomics.

关键词： Crab-eating macaques Rhesus macaques Comparative transcriptomics Biomedical models Nonhuman primates RNA-seq Duplicated genes

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Construct a 3D microsphere of HMX/B/Al/PTFE to obtain the high energy and combustion reactivity

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 45-54页

作者： Jian wang Jie Chen Yaofeng mao Yongjun Deng Wei Cao Fude Nie Jun wang Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621999PR China Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province Mianyang 621010PR China

Metal(aluminum and boron)based energetic materials have been wildly applied in various fields including aerospace,explosives and micro-devices due to their high energy density.Unfortunately,the low combustion efficiency and reactivity of metal fuels,especially boron(B),severely limit their practical applications.Herein,multi-component 3D microspheres of HMX/B/Al/PTFE(HBA)have been designed and successfully prepared by emulsion and solvent evaporation method to achieve superior energy and combustion reactivity.The reactivity and energy output of HBA are systematically measured by ignitionburning test,constant-volume explosion vessel system and bomb calorimetry.Due to the increased interfacial contact and reaction area,HBA shows higher flame propagation rate,faster pressurization rate and larger combustion heat of 29.95 cm/s,1077 kPa/s,and 6164.43 J/g,which is 1.5 times,3.5 times,and 1.03 times of the physical mixed counterpart(HBA-P).Meanwhile,HBA also shows enhanced energy output and reactivity than 3D microspheres of HMX/B/PTFE(HB)resulting from the high reactivity of Al.The reaction mechanism of 3D microspheres is comprehensively investigated through combustion emission spectral and thermal analysis(TG-DSC-MS).The superior reactivity and energy of HBA originate from the surface etching of fluorine to the inert shell(Al_(2)O_(3) and B_(2)O_(3))and the initiation effect of Al to B.This work offers a promising approach to design and prepare high-performance energetic materials for the practical applications.

关键词： HMX/B/Al/PTFE 3D microspheres Surface etching Reaction mechanism

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Temporal changes in mixing effects on litter decay and nitrogen release in a boreal riparian forest in northeastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 33-41页

作者： Simin wang Bo Liu Rui Li Xiaoxin Sun Rong mao Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Research Station Fuyuan 156500People’s Republic of China

In riparian forests,litter decay provides essential energy and nutrients for both terrestrial and fluvial ecosystems.Litter mixing effects(LMEs)are crucial in regulating litter decay and nutrient dynamics,yet how LMEs change over time is unclear in riparian forests.In this study,leaf litter of three common species(Alnus sibirica Fisch.ex Turcz,Betula platyphylla Sukaczev,and Betula fruticosa Pall.)were mixed in an equal mass ratio and LMEs were measured for mass and nitrogen(N)remaining in whole litter mixtures over a 3-year period in a boreal riparian forest,northeastern China.LMEs were also assessed for component litter mass and N remaining by separating litter mixtures by species.During the decay of litter mixtures,antagonistic effects on mass and N remaining were dominant after one and two years of decay,whereas only additive effects were observed after three years.LMEs correlated negatively with functional diversity after the first and two years of decay but disappeared after three years.When sorting litter mixtures by species,non-additive LMEs on mass and N remaining decreased over incubation time.Moreover,non-additive LMEs were more frequent for litter of both B.platyphylla and B.fruticosa with lower N concentration than for A.sibirica litter with higher N concentration.These results indicate that incubation time is a key determinant of litter mixing effects during decay and highlight that late-stage litter mixture decay may be predicted from single litter decay dynamics in boreal riparian forests.

关键词： Biodiversity Litter quality Litter mixtures Synergistic effects Functional diversity

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