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Enhanced electrical and photocatalytic activities in Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3) through structural modulation by using anatase and rutile phases of TiO_(2)

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第1期8卷 18-29页

作者： Cilaveni Goutham Kinjarapu Venkata Ashok Kumar Sai Santosh Kumar Raavi Challapalli subrahmanyam Saket Asthana Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory Department of PhysicsIndian Institute of Technology HyderabadKandiSangareddy502285TelanganaIndia Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadKandiSangareddy502285TelanganaIndia

This paper deals with an in-depth analysis on the role of the microstructure phase of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))precursor in sodium bismuth titanate(Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3),hereafter represented as NBT)ceramics prepared through the hydrothermal *** comparison of the grain size,microstructure,crystal structure,and electrical properties of the NBT ceramics is carried out using anatase and rutile TiO_(2).NBT ceramics with anatase TiO_(2)(denoted by NBT_(A))displayed superior dielectric and ferro/piezoelectric properties along with the additional functionality in terms of *** studies of functional properties such as piezoelectric,ferroelectric,and dielectric stressed the far-reaching influence of effects on grain *** mechanisms and functional properties of grain quantitative effects are also *** boundaries volume fraction increment has decreased the dielectric peak but increased the diffusiveness in the case of the NBT with rutile TiO_(2) precursor(denoted as NBT_(R)).Similarly,elastic stiffness increment restricts the movement of the domain wall and led to a decrement in remnant polarization along with an increase in the values of the corresponding piezoelectric coefficient in finegrain NBT_(R) samples.

关键词： Lead-free ferroelectrics Grain size(microstructure) X-ray diffraction Electrical properties(dielectric and ferroelectric) Piezo-photocatalysis

Comparison of decolorization of reactive azo dyes by microorganisms isolated from various sources

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第5期15卷 628-632页

作者： S.Padamavathy S.Sandhya K.Swaminathan Y.V.subrahmanyam S.N.Kaul NationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchInstitute NationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchInstituteNationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchInstituteNationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchInstituteNationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResearchInstitute CSIRComplexChennaiIndiaCSIRComplexChennaiIndiaCSIRComplexChennaiIndiaCSIRComplexChennaiIndiaCSIRComplexChennaiIndia

Azo dyes are among the oldest man made chemicals and they are still widely used in the textile, printing and the food industries. About 10%-15% of the total dyes used in the industry is released into the environment during the manufacturing and usage. Some dyes and some of their N substituted aromatic bio transformation products are toxic and/or carcinogenic and therefore these dyes are considered to be environmental pollutants and health hazards. These azo dyes are degraded by physico chemical and biological methods. Of these, biological methods are considered to be the most economical and efficient. In this work, attempts were made to degrade these dyes aerobically. The organisms which were efficient in degrading the following azo dyes Red RB, Remazol Red, Remazol Blue, Remazol Violet, Remazol Yellow, Golden Yellow, Remazol Orange, Remazol Black were isolated from three different sources viz., wastewater treatment plant, paper mill effluent treatment plant and tannery wastewater treatment plant. The efficiency of azo dye degradation by mixed cultures from each source was analyzed. It was found that mixed cultures from tannery treatment plant worked efficiently in decolorizing Remazol Red, Remazol Orange, Remazol Blue and Remazol Violet, while mixed cultures from the paper mill effluent worked efficiently in decolorizing Red RB, Golden Yellow and Remazol Yellow. The mixed cultures from wastewater treatment plant efficiently decolorized Remazol Black.

关键词： azo dyes decolorization aerobic transformation

Boosting the immune response： the use of iNKT cell ligands as vaccine adjuvants

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Frontiers of physics 2012年第5期7卷 436-444页

作者： Priyanka B. subrahmanyam Tonya J. WEBB Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum CancerCenter Baltimore Maryland 21201 USA

Natural killer T （NKT） cells comprise a small, but important T cell subset and are thought to bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses. The discovery of NKT cells and extensive research on their activating ligands have paved the way for modulation of these potent immunoregulatory cells in order to improve the outcome of various clinical conditions. Efforts to modulate NKT cell effector functions have ranged from therapy for influenza to anti- tumor immunotherapy. These approaches have also led to the use of NKT cell agonists such as a-Galactosylceramide （a- GalCer） and its analogs as vaccine adjuvants, an approach that is aimed at boosting specific B and T cell responses to a vaccine candidate by concomitant activation of NKT cells. In this review we will provide a comprehensive overview of the efforts made in using a-GalCer and its analogs as vaccine adjuvants. The diverse array of vaccination strategies used, as well as the role of NKT cell activating adjuvants will be discussed, with focus on vaccines against malaria, HIV, influenza and tumor vaccines. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the efficacy of NKT cell-specific agonists as adjuvants and suggest that these compounds warrant serious consideration during the development of vaccination strategies.

关键词： vaccines NKT cells and CDld

Attenuation of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Cow Urine Distillate in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期22卷 345-347页

作者： M P GURURAJA A B JOSHI HIMANSHU JOSHI D SATHYANARAYANA E V S subrahmanyam K S CHANDRASHEKHAR Nitte Gulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Paneer

Objective To study the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatoprotective activity in cow urine. Methods Effect of cow urine distillate on liver function was studied in vivo in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride （CC14）. Hepatotoxicity was induced by a 1 ： 1 （v/v） mixture of CCl4 in olive oil （5 mL/kg i.p）. Protective effect of cow urine distillate （in three dose levels） and standard drug Silymarin （100 mg/kg, p.o） on liver function were studied in intoxicated rats. Parameters in the study included liver function tests and histological observations. Results The cow urine distillate decreased the levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, GGT, and total bilirubin in a dose-dependent manner （P〈0.05） as sylimarin. Conclusion The observed protective effects of cow urine distillate on liver function might be due to the presence of antioxidants in cow urine.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Cow urine distillate CCl4 Silymarin

Microbial Activity and Culturable Bacterial Diversity in Sediments of the Great Rann of Kachchh,Western India

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 45-55页

作者： G.subrahmanyam N.KHONDE D.M.MAURYA L.S.CHAMYAL G.ARCHANA Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre Faculty of ScienceThe Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceThe Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

The Great Rann of Kachchh, a vast expanse of salt desert in Western India is a unique hostile ecosystem posing an extreme environment to life forms due to high salt content, hyper-axid climate, seasonal water logging and extremes of temperature. In the virtual absence of natural vegetation, soils and sediments of Rann of Kachchh axe microbially dominated ecosystems. In the present study microbial activity and the diversity of cultivated heterotrophic bacteria were investigated in the sediments collected along a 5-m exposed section at Khadir Island in the Great Rann of Kachchh. Microbial activity （as an index of sediment enzymes） was found to be high in the middle of the section （200-280 cm）. Dehydrogenase （DHA）, substrate-induced DHA and alkaline phosphatase activities revealed the oligotrophic nature of the basal portion （320-480 cm）. Abundant bacterial isolates obtained from different depths were found to be clustered in 12 different phylogenetic groups by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the dominant bacterial ribotypes to be affiliated to Firmicutes （Families Bacillaceae and Staphyloeoccaeeae） and Aetinobaeteria （Family Brevibaeteriaceae） with minor contribution of Proteobacteria （Families Phyllobacteriaeeae and Bartonellaceae）, pointing their endurance and adaptability to environmental stresses. Statistical analysis indicated that sediment organic carbon, salinity, total available nitrogen and total available phosphorous are most likely critical determinants of microbial activity in the Khadir Island sediments.

关键词： amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis enzymes extreme environment heterotrophic bacteria 16S rRNA gene sequencing

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考虑桩长影响的打桩公式

岩土工程学报 2003年第3期25卷 264-267页

作者：区秉光 M.S.subrahmanyam 澳门土木工程实验室澳门大学

应用一维波波动方程式探讨基桩长度对打击桩的影响。经数学模拟及以原型的桩静力荷载破坏试验及动力荷载试验的结果 ,发现桩长明显地支配着桩在打设时的反应及桩受力作用下的破坏模式 ;同时更影响打桩公式推算结果。综合上述的规象和影... 详细信息

应用一维波波动方程式探讨基桩长度对打击桩的影响。经数学模拟及以原型的桩静力荷载破坏试验及动力荷载试验的结果 ,发现桩长明显地支配着桩在打设时的反应及桩受力作用下的破坏模式 ;同时更影响打桩公式推算结果。综合上述的规象和影响 ,建议一新的打桩公式。

关键词：桩承载力打桩公式应力波一维波波动方程式桩长效应

Rusty pipe syndrome: A case report

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Health 2013年第1期5卷 157-158页

作者： Usharani Thota Vasudeva Murali machiraju Venkateswara Rao Jampana Department of Paediatrics Gandhi Medical College Secunderabad India Department of Paediatrics Gandhi Medical College Secunderabad India

Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also ... 详细信息

关键词： Bloody Discharge from the Nipple Rusty Pipe Syndrome

Kinetics of hydrogen sulfide decomposition in a DBD plasma reactor operated at high temperature

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第3期22卷 382-386页

作者： E.Linga Reddy J.Karuppiah Ch.subrahmanyam Energy and Environmental Research Lab Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology(IIT) HyderabadYeddumailaramAndhra PradeshIndia-502205

The present study investigates the kinetics of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） decomposition into hydrogen and sulfur carded out in a nonthermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge （NTP-DBD） reactor operated at ,-430 K for in situ removal of sulfur condensed inside the reactor walls. The dissociation of H2S was primarily initiated by the excitation of carder gas （At） through electron collisions which appeared to be the rate determining step. The experiments were carded out with initial concentration of H2S varied between 5 and 25 vol% at 150 mL/min （at standard temperature and pressure） flow rate in the input power range of 0.5 to 2 W. The reaction rate model based on continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR） model failed to explain the global kinetics of H2S decomposition, probably due to the multiple complex reactions involved in H2S decomposition, whereas Michaelis-Menten model was satisfactory. Typical results indicated that the reaction order approached zero with increasing inlet concentration.

关键词： dielectric barriar discharge hydrogen sulfide kinetics temperature

Vehicles, Advanced Features, Driver Behavior, and Safety: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2022年第3期12卷 420-438页

作者： Raghuveer Prasad Gouribhatla Srinivas subrahmanyam Pulugurtha IDEAS Center Civil & Environmental Engineering Department The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte USA

Driver errors contribute to more than 94% of traffic crashes. Automotive companies are striving to enhance their vehicles to eliminate driver errors and reduce the number of crashes. Various advanced features like lane departure warning (LDW), blind spot warning (BSW), over speed warning (OSW), forward collision warning (FCW), lane keep assist (LKA), adaptive cruise control (ACC), cooperative ACC (CACC), and automated emergency braking (AEB) are designed to assist with, or in some cases take over, certain driving maneuvers. They can be broadly categorized into advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) and automated features. Each of these advanced features focuses on addressing a particular task of driving, thereby, aiding the driver, influencing their behavior, and enhancing safety. Many vehicles with these advanced features are penetrating into the market, yet the total reported number of crashes has increased in recent years. This paper presents a systematic review of these advanced features on driver behavior and safety. The review is categorized into 1) survey and mathematical methods to assess driver behavior, 2) field test methods to assess driver behavior, 3) microsimulation methods to assess driver behavior, 4) driving simulator methods to assess driver behavior, and 5) driver understanding and the effectiveness of advanced features. It is followed by conclusions, knowledge gaps, and need for further research.

关键词： Vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance System Automated Driver Behavior Safety