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Role of magnetic field evolution on filamentary structure formation in intense laser–foil interactions

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 99-106页

作者： m.King N.m.H.Butler R.Wilson R.Capdessus R.J.Gray H.W.Powell R.J.Dance H.Padda B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo D.R.Rusby N.P.Dover G.S.Hicks O.C.Ettlinger C.Scullion D.C.Carroll Z.Najmudin m.borghesi D.Neely P.mcKenna SUPA Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London Centre for Plasma Physics Queen's University Belfast

Filamentary structures can form within the beam of protons accelerated during the interaction of an intense laser pulse with an ultrathin foil target. Such behaviour is shown to be dependent upon the formation time of quasi-static magnetic field structures throughout the target volume and the extent of the rear surface proton expansion over the same *** is observed via both numerical and experimental investigations. By controlling the intensity profile of the laser drive,via the use of two temporally separated pulses, both the initial rear surface proton expansion and magnetic field formation time can be varied, resulting in modification to the degree of filamentary structure present within the laser-driven proton beam.

关键词： laser-plasma ion acceleration instabilities

Demonstration of laser pulse amplification by stimulated Brillouin scattering

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第4期 46-51页

作者： E.Guillaume K.Humphrey H.Nakamura R.m.G.m.Trines R.Heathcote m.Galimberti Y.Amano D.Doria G.Hicks E.Higson S.Kar G.Sarri m.Skramic J.Swain K.Tang J.Weston P.Zak E.P.Alves R.A.Fonseca F.Fi ′uza H.Habara K.A.Tanaka R.Bingham m.borghesi Z.Najmudin L.O.Silva P.A.Norreys Laboratoire d'Optique Appliqu′ee Ecole PolytechniquePalaiseau 91128 France STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot Oxon OX11 0QX United Kingdom University of Strathclyde Glasgow G11XQ United Kingdom Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London Prince Consort RoadLondon SW7 2BZ United Kingdom Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Queens University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN United Kingdom University of Oxford Parks RoadOxford OX1 3PU United Kingdom

The energy transfer by stimulated Brillouin backscatter from a long pump pulse(15 ps) to a short seed pulse(1 ps)has been investigated in a proof-of-principle demonstration experiment. The two pulses were both amplified in different beamlines of a Nd:glass laser system, had a central wavelength of 1054 nm and a spectral bandwidth of 2 nm, and crossed each other in an underdense plasma in a counter-propagating geometry, off-set by 10?. It is shown that the energy transfer and the wavelength of the generated Brillouin peak depend on the plasma density, the intensity of the laser pulses, and the competition between two-plasmon decay and stimulated Raman scatter instabilities. The highest obtained energy transfer from pump to probe pulse is 2.5%, at a plasma density of 0.17 ncr, and this energy transfer increases significantly with plasma density. Therefore, our results suggest that much higher efficiencies can be obtained when higher densities(above0.25ncr) are used.

关键词： laser–plasma interactions optical pulse generation and compression stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering ultra-fast optical processes

Automated control and optimization of laser-driven ion acceleration

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 32-40页

作者： B.Loughran m.J.V.Streeter H.Ahmed S.Astbury m.Balcazar m.borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann S.DiIorio N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis O.C.Ettlinger m.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer J.S.Green R.J.Gray G.S.Hicks C.Hyland V.Istokskaia m.King D.margarone O.mcCusker P.mcKenna Z.Najmudin C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes A.G.R.Thomas F.Treffert N.Xu C.A.J.Palmer School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Gérard mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Imperial College LondonLondonUK ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolníBˇrežanyCzech Republic Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

The interaction of relativistically intense lasers with opaque targets represents a highly non-linear,multi-dimensional parameter *** limits the utility of sequential 1D scanning of experimental parameters for the optimization of secondary radiation,although to-date this has been the accepted methodology due to low data acquisition *** repetition-rate(HRR)lasers augmented by machine learning present a valuable opportunity for efficient source ***,an automated,HRR-compatible system produced high-fidelity parameter scans,revealing the influence of laser intensity on target pre-heating and proton generation.A closed-loop Bayesian optimization of maximum proton energy,through control of the laser wavefront and target position,produced proton beams with equivalent maximum energy to manually optimized laser pulses but using only 60%of the laser *** demonstration of automated optimization of laser-driven proton beams is a crucial step towards deeper physical insight and the construction of future radiation sources.

关键词： Bayesian optimization high repetition-rate laser-target interaction laser-driven particle acceleration proton generation

Versatile tape-drive target for high-repetition-rate laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第4期11卷 59-69页

作者： N.Xu m.J.V.Streeter O.C.Ettlinger H.Ahmed S.Astbury m.borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis V.Istokskaia m.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer R.J.Gray J.S.Green G.S.Hicks C.Hyland m.King B.Loughran D.margarone O.mcCusker P.mcKenna C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes F.Treffert C.A.J.Palmer Z.Najmudin John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK School of maths and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkUSA ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCASDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

We present the development and characterization of a high-stability,multi-material,multi-thickness tape-drive target for laser-driven acceleration at repetition rates of up to 100 *** tape surface position was measured to be stable on the sub-micrometre scale,compatible with the high-numerical aperture focusing geometries required to achieve relativistic intensity interactions with the pulse energy available in current multi-Hz and near-future higher repetition-rate lasers(>kHz).Long-term drift was characterized at 100 Hz demonstrating suitability for operation over extended *** target was continuously operated at up to 5 Hz in a recent experiment for 70,000 shots without intervention by the experimental team,with the exception of tape replacement,producing the largest data-set of relativistically intense laser–solid foil measurements to *** tape drive provides robust targetry for the generation and study of high-repetitionrate ion beams using next-generation high-power laser systems,also enabling wider applications of laser-driven proton sources.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser target laser-plasma acceleration proton generation tape-drive target

The association of type and number of high-risk criteria with cancer-specific mortality in prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 128-132页

作者： Francesco Chierigo Rocco Simone Flammia GabrieleSorce Benedikt Hoeh Lukas Hohenhorst Andrea Panunzio Zhe Tian Fred Saad marcus Graefen michele Gallucci Alberto Briganti Francesco montorsi Felix K.H.Chun Shahrokh F.Shariat Alessandro Antonelli Giovanni Guano Guglielmo mantica marco borghesi Nazareno Suardi Carlo Terrone Pierre I.Karakiewicz Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences University of GenovaGenovaItaly IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San martino GenovaItaly Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit Division of UrologyUniversity ofMontréal Health CenterMontréalQuébecCanada Department of Urology IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly Department of maternal-Child and Urological Sciences Sapienza Rome UniversityPoliclinico Umberto I HospitalRomeItaly Department of Urology University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Urology University of VeronaAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di VeronaVeronaItaly Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIUrological Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Urology University of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA Department of Urology Second Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Division of Urology Department of Special SurgeryJordan University HospitalThe University of JordanAmmanJordan

Objectives:This study aimed to test the association between of type and number of D'Amico high-risk criteria(DHRCs)with cancer-specific mortality(CSm)in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with radical *** and methods:In the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database(2004–2016),we identified 31,281 radical prostatectomy patients with at least 1 DHRC,namely,prostate-specific antigen(PSA)>20 ng/mL(hrPSA),biopsy Gleason Grade Group(hrGGG)score of 4 and 5,or clinical tumor stage≥T3(hrcT).multivariable Cox regression models and competing risks regression models(adjusting for other cause mortality)tested the association between DHRCs and 5-year ***:Of 31,281 patients,14,394(67%)exclusively harbored hrGGG,3189(15%)harbored hrPSA,and 1781(8.2%)harbored *** 2132 patients(6.8%)harbored a combination of the 2 DHRCs,and 138(0.6%)had all 3 ***-year CSmrates ranged from 0.9%to 3.0%when any individual DHRC was present(hrcT,hrPSA,and hrGGG,in that order),1.6%to 5.9%when 2 DHRCs were present(hrPSA-hrcT,hrcT-hrGGG,and hrPSA-hrGGG,in that order),and 8.1%when all 3 DHRCs were *** regression models and competing risks regression confirmed the independent predictor status of DHRCs for 5-year CSm that was observed in univariable analyses,with hazard ratios from 1.00 to 2.83 for 1 DHRC,2.35 to 5.88 for combinations of 2 DHRCs,and 7.13 for all 3 ***:Within individual DHRCs,hrcT and hrPSA exhibited weaker effects than hrGGG ***,a dose-response effect was identified according to the number of ***,the type and number of DHRCs allow further risk stratification within the high-risk subgroup.

关键词： High risk prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy Cancer-specific mortality Staging SEER

高组分稀磁半导体Cd_(1 -x)mn_xTe/CdTe超晶格的光调制反射谱研究

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红外与毫米波学报 2002年第5期21卷 332-336页

作者：陈辰嘉王学忠梁晓甘李海涛凌震王迅 V Bellani m Geddo A Stella S Tavazzi A borghesi A Sassella 北京大学物理系北京100871 复旦大学应用表面物理实验室上海200433 INFm-Dipartimento di Fisica"A.Volta"dell’Universitiy di pavia INFm-Dipartimento di Scienza dei materiali University di milano Bicocca milanoitaly20125

报道用分子束外延 (mEB)技术生长的x =0 4 ,0 8的高组分稀磁半导体Cd1-xmnxTe/CdTe超晶格的光调制反射谱在室温和液氮下的实验结果 .观测到 11H ,2 2H ,33H和 11L等激子跃迁结构 ,计及子能级的量子限定效应和晶格失配导致的应力效应 ... 详细信息

报道用分子束外延 (mEB)技术生长的x =0 4 ,0 8的高组分稀磁半导体Cd1-xmnxTe/CdTe超晶格的光调制反射谱在室温和液氮下的实验结果 .观测到 11H ,2 2H ,33H和 11L等激子跃迁结构 ,计及子能级的量子限定效应和晶格失配导致的应力效应 ,对子能级结构进行了计算 ,除x =0 8样品的 33H能量计算值与实验值有较大偏差外 ,实验结果与理论符合得很好 .还与光致发光谱实验结果进行了比较 .

关键词：光调制反射激子跃迁应力效应超晶格

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掺硼多晶硅的远红外光谱

红外研究 1989年第5期8卷 321-326页

作者：陈辰嘉 A.borghesi m.Geddo A.Stella 北京大学物理系 Pavia大学物理系

用傅里叶变换光谱仪在15K和230～620cm^(-1)范围内研究了不同含Fe量的P型掺B多晶硅的远红外吸收光谱.观测和分析了Si中受主(B)基态到P_(3/2)价带相关的激发态系列的跃迁.实验结果表明,随着Fe浓度的增加,B受主激发谱的吸收强度显著减弱.... 详细信息

用傅里叶变换光谱仪在15K和230～620cm^(-1)范围内研究了不同含Fe量的P型掺B多晶硅的远红外吸收光谱.观测和分析了Si中受主(B)基态到P_(3/2)价带相关的激发态系列的跃迁.实验结果表明,随着Fe浓度的增加,B受主激发谱的吸收强度显著减弱.证明Fe-B对的形成和Fe杂质在晶粒边界的可能的积累.实验还观测到P型Si(B)中不同含Fe量时607cm^(-1)处C局域振动模的吸收变化,讨论了Fe杂质对C振动吸收的影响.

关键词：多晶硅远红外光谱硼

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硅中氧的高空间分辨本领红外光谱

Journal of Semiconductors 1992年第11期13卷 668-674页

作者：陈辰嘉 A.borghesi A.Sassella B.Pivac 北京大学物理系 Dipartimento di Fisica'A.Volta'.Universita di Pavia.I-27100 Pavia.Italy Rudjer Boskovic Institute P. O. Box 1016 YU'-41000 Zagreb Croatia Yugoslavia

用高空间分辨本领的富利埃变换红外光谱研究了CZ法生长硅薄片中氧的沉淀.用此技术我们能探测到单个沉淀物的聚集所贡献的1230cm^(-1)处的吸收带.实验发现在1100℃退火80分钟就足以形成薄层盘形的SiO_2沉淀物.获得的样品中沉淀物的空间... 详细信息

用高空间分辨本领的富利埃变换红外光谱研究了CZ法生长硅薄片中氧的沉淀.用此技术我们能探测到单个沉淀物的聚集所贡献的1230cm^(-1)处的吸收带.实验发现在1100℃退火80分钟就足以形成薄层盘形的SiO_2沉淀物.获得的样品中沉淀物的空间分布图表明这些沉淀物的分布是不均匀的,主要分别分布在离后表面和外延衬底界面约100μm距离内.

关键词：硅中氧红外光谱

Influence of laser polarization on collective electron dynamics in ultraintense laser-foil interactions

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 120-126页

作者： Bruno Gonzalez-Izquierdo Ross J.Gray martin King Robbie Wilson Rachel J.Dance Haydn Powell David A.mac Lellan John mcCreadie Nicholas m.H.Butler Steve Hawkes James S.Green Chris D.murphy Luca C.Stockhausen David C.Carroll Nicola Booth Graeme G.Scott marco borghesi David Neely Paul mcKenna SUPA Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Department of Physics University of York Centro de Láseres Pulsados (CLPU) Centre for Plasma Physics Queens University Belfast

The collective response of electrons in an ultrathin foil target irradiated by an ultraintense(~6×10^(20)W cm^(-2)) laser pulse is investigated experimentally and via 3D particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that if the target is sufficiently thin that the laser induces significant radiation pressure, but not thin enough to become relativistically transparent to the laser light, the resulting relativistic electron beam is elliptical, with the major axis of the ellipse directed along the laser polarization axis. When the target thickness is decreased such that it becomes relativistically transparent early in the interaction with the laser pulse, diffraction of the transmitted laser light occurs through a so called ‘relativistic plasma aperture', inducing structure in the spatial-intensity profile of the beam of energetic electrons. It is shown that the electron beam profile can be modified by variation of the target thickness and degree of ellipticity in the laser polarization.

关键词： laser–plasmas interaction ultraintense ultrashort pulse laser interaction with matters