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Holistic Approach to Functional Constipation: Perspective of Traditional Persian medicine

Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2019年第11期25卷 867-872页

作者： majid Nimrouzi mohammad m. Zarshenas Esse nee of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute Traditional Medici ne and Medicinal Plant IncubatorShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Research Center for Traditional medicine and History of medicine Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Traditional Pharmacy School of PharmacyShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Traditional Persian medicine(TPm) proposes a different viewpoint to the chronic diseases. Diagnosis and implemented treatment are based on individual differences among patients. Constipation or Ea’teghal-e-batn is a condition in which the patient develops difficult or painful defecation. Based on TPm concepts, the first digestion step starts from halq(oral cavity), and ends via defecation from the maq’ad(anus). Avicenna believed that four faculties, ha’zemeh(digestive), ja’zebeh(absorptive), ma’sekeh(retentive) and da’fe’eh(propulsive), are involved in the process of digestion and absorption of the ingested food and expelling the waste materials. The bowel movement and appearance of the stool is a measure for evaluating the gastrointestinal healthy function. Defecation should be with no pain and fecal material should have no burning and acuity. Low food intake or foods with dry temperament, dryness of gastrointestinal tract, diaphoresis and heavy exercise as well as intestine sensory loss were discussed as main causes of constipation. management of constipation in TPm includes dietary schemes, oil massages and subsequently simple herbal medicines. According to TPm theories, the first step in treating a disease is the elimination of disease causes(asbabe-maraz) and also providing the causes of health(asbab-e-sehhat). Health care providers should know the proper condition which the herbal medicines should be administered in and be able to guide the patients about the benefits and hazards of herbal remedies, commonly used in their living origin.

关键词： constipation Ea'teghal-e-batn herbal medicine traditional Persian medicine

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Study of the Reaction of 5-Aryl-7-hydrazino-2-phenylpyra- zolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines with 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第11期29卷 2451-2460页

作者： Atta, Kamal F. m. Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Alexandria University lbrahimia P. O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt

A novel synthetic method for the preparation of 5-aryl-7-（3,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-l-yl）-2-phenylpyra- zolo[1,5-c]-pyrimidines and 1-（5-aryl-2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-7-yl）-3-methyl-lH-pyrazol-5-ols is provided by condensative cyclization of 5-aryl-7-hydrazino-2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The study of the more reactive position for electrophilic substitusion reactions on such ring system was also achieved.

关键词： cyclization electrophilic substitution pyrazolylpyrazolopyrimidine IR NmR mass spectrometry

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Simulation of a molten salt fast reactor using the COmSOL multiphysics software

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第12期31卷 1-19页

作者： D.H.Daher m.Kotb A.m.Khalaf moustafa S.El-Koliel Abdelfattah Y.Soliman Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Reactors Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt Nuclear Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

In this study,COmSOL v5.2 multiphysics software was utilized to perform coupled neutronics and thermal–hydraulics simulations of a molten salt fast reactor,and the SCALE v6.1 code package was utilized to generate the homogenized cross-section data *** library’s 238 cross-section groups were categorized into nine groups for the simulations in this *** results of the COmSOL model under no fuel flow conditions were verified using the SCALE v6.1 code results,and the results of the neutronics and thermal–hydraulics simulations were compared to the results of previously published *** results indicated that the COmSOL model that includes the cross-section library generated by the SCALE v6.1 code package is suitable for the steady-state analysis and design assessment of molten salt fast ***,this model was utilized to investigate the neutronics and thermal–hydraulics behaviors of the *** designs were simulated and analyzed in this model,and the results indicated that even if the wall of the core is curved,hot spots occur in the upper and lower portions of the core’s center near the reflectors.A new design was proposed that utilizes a flow rate distribution system,and the simulation results of this design showed that the maximum temperature in the core was approximately 1032 K and no hot spots occurred.

关键词： molten salt COmSOL SCALE Neutronics Thermal-hydraulic

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Complement activation kindles the transition of acute post-traumatic brain injury to a chronic inflammatory disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2228-2229页

作者： Andrew Erwood Ali m.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)remains a major cause of disability among young adults in both civilian and military settings contributing to a high burden on healthcare systems(Badhiwala et al.,2019).Sequel of TBI,even mild injuries,include motor and sensory dysfunction,neurocognitive decline,neuropsychiatric complications,as well as increased risk of neurodegenerative and neurovascular events such as Alzheimer’s disease and stroke(Breunig et al.,2013;Burke et al.,2013;Li et al.,2017).Despite the acute nature of the insult in TBI,pathological changes in the traumatized brain are better recognized as a chronic rather than an acute neurological disease,a phenomenon that remains under-investigated.

关键词： acute injuries injury

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The k-Nacci Sequences in Some Special modular Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 59-66页

作者： Omur Deveci Colin m. Campbell Department of mathematics Faculty of Science and Letters Katlms University 36100 Kars Turkey School of mathematics and Statistics -University of St Andrews North Haugb St Andrews Fife KY16 9SS Scotland

A k-nacci （k-step Fibonacci） sequence in a finite group is a sequence of group elements x0,x1,x2,...,xn,.., for which, given an initial （seed） set x0,x1,x2,...,xj-1, each element is defined by xn{x0x1…xn-1 forj≤n〈k xn-kxn-k＋1 …xn-1 for n≥kFrom the definition, it is clear that the period of the k-nacci sequence in a group depends on the chosen generating set and the order in which the assignments of x0, x1, x2,…~, xj-1 are made. In this paper we examine the periods of the k-nacci sequences in the groups m2, m2＋ and R2, where each term of the sequence is reduced modulo 2.

关键词： k-nacci sequence period modular group

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An extended cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method （XCS-FEm-DSG3） for free vibration analysis of cracked Reissner-mindlin shells

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 341-358页

作者： m. H. NGUYEN-THOI Division of Computational mathematics and Engineering (CmE) Institute for Computational Science (INCOS) Ton Duc ThangUniversity Hochiminh city Vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Hochiminh city Vietnam

A cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (CS-FEm-DSG3) was recently proposed and proven to be robust for free vibration analyses of Reissner-mindlin shell. The method improves significantly the accuracy of the solution due to softening effect of the cell-based strain smoothing technique. In addition, due to using only three-node triangular elements generated automatically, the CS-FEm-DSG3 can be applied flexibly for arbitrary complicated geometric domains. However so far, the CS-FEm-DSG3 has been only developed for analyzing intact structures without possessing internal cracks. The paper hence tries to extend the CS-FEm-DSG3 for free vibration analysis of cracked Reissner-mindlin shells by integrating the original CS-FEm-DSG3 with discontinuous and crack−tip singular enrichment functions of the extended finite element method (XFEm) to give a so-called extended cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (XCS-FEm-DSG3). The accuracy and reliability of the novel XCS-FEm-DSG3 for free vibration analysis of cracked Reissner-mindlin shells are investigated through solving three numerical examples and comparing with commercial software ANSYS.

关键词： cracked Reissner-mindlin shell free vibration analysis cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (CS-FEm-DSG3) extended cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method (XCS-FEm-DSG3) smoothed finite element methods (SFEm)

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mULTIAXIAL CREEP-FATIGUE LIFE EVALUATION UNDER PROPORTIONAL LOADING

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 355-360页

作者： Y.Noguchi m.miyahara Corporate Research & Development Laboratories Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Amagasaki Hyogo 660-0891 JapanCorporate Research & Development Laboratories Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Amagasaki Hyogo 660-0891 Japan

A new method was proposed for the multiaxial creep-fatigue life evaluation under proportional loadings. Because this method was derived from the strain range partitioning method with a multiaxiality factor, it was possible to consider the influence of both creep-fatigue interaction and multiaxial stress state on fatigue life. In order to predict the combined axial-torsional fatigue life the damage under combined loading was defined as linear summation of the damages under axial loading and torsional loading. Axial-torsional creep-fatigue tests were carried out using tubular specimens of 316LC austenitic stainless steel and the ferritic rotor steel. This rotor steel was developed for the permanent magnet type eddy current retarder in heavy trucks. Experimentally obtained lives of both steels were well corresponded with the lives predicted by the proposed method. It was found that the proposed method was effective in multiaxial fatigue life evaluation under proportional creep-fatigue loadings.

关键词： multiaxial fatigue creep-fatigue proportional loading life evaluation

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Output constrained ImC controllers in control systems of electromechanical actuators

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Control Theory and Technology 2015年第3期13卷 245-255页

作者： Piotr m.mARUSAK Suwat KUNTANAPREEDA Institute of Control and Computation Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok

Electromechanical actuators are widely used in many industrial applications. There are usually some constraints existing in a designed system. This paper proposes a simple method to design constrained controllers for electromechanical actuators. The controllers merge the ideas exploited in internal model control and model predictive control. They are designed using the standard control system structure with unity negative feedback. The structure of the controllers is relatively simple as well as the design process. The output constraint handling mechanism is based on prediction of the control plant behavior many time steps ahead. The mechanism increases control performance and safety of the control plant. The benefits offered by the proposed controllers have been demonstrated in real-life experiments carried out in control systems of two electromechanical actuators： a DC motor and an electrohydraulic actuator.

关键词： Constrained control internal model control (ImC) model predictive control (mPC) electromechanical actuators

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microstructural evolution,dislocation density and tensile properties of Al–6.5Si–2.1Cu–0.35mg alloy produced by different casting processes

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2021年第36期95卷 145-157页

作者： S.Samat m.Z.Omar A.H.Baghdadi I.F.mohamed A.Rajabi A.m.Aziz Department of mechanical and manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiUKM 43600Malaysia

Al–Si–Cu–mg foundry alloys are used in casting process ***,their strength properties remain low due to their microstructural characteristics and *** this work,the microstructural characteristics,dislocation densities,and mechanical properties of Al–Si–Cu–mg cast alloys prepared through different casting methods were studied *** casting processes,namely,gravity casting(GC),rheocasting(RC),thixoforming(Thixo),and Thixo with heat treatment,were *** GC and RC samples had mainly dendriticα-Al phase microstructures and exhibited coarse Si particles and intermetallic compounds in their interdendritic *** contrast,the Thixo and heat-treated Thixo(HT-Thixo)samples exhibited microstructural refinement with uniformly distributedα-Al globules,fine fibrous Si particles,and fragmented intermetallic compounds amongα-Al *** accumulation of dislocation densities increased in the Thixo sample as the strain was increased due to plastic ***,the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the HT-Thixo sample increased by 87%and 63%,respectively,relative to those of the GC *** cleavage fracture displayed by the GC and RC samples led to brittle ***,the Thixo and HT-Thixo samples presented dimple-based ductile fracture.

关键词： Al–Si–Cu–mg alloy Thixoforming microstructure mechanical property Dislocation density

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Semaphorin7A:its role in the control of serotonergic circuits and functional recovery following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 959-962页

作者： Julie Fourneau Florence m.Bareyre Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology Ludwig-Maximilians Universität MünchenMunichGermany munich Cluster of Systems Neurology(SyNergy) MunichGermany

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthetized in various populations of brainstem *** the spinal cord,descending serotonergic projections regulate postural muscle tone,locomotion and rhythm and coordination of movements via the Central Pattern *** a spinal cord injury,serotonergic projections to the lumbar spinal cord,where the Central Pattern Generators are located,are interrupted resulting in devastating locomotor impairments and changes in the expression and activation of serotonin and its spinal *** molecular cues that control the precise patterning and targeting of serotonergic inputs onto Central Pattern Generator networks in healthy animals or after injury are still *** our recent research work,we have been particularly interested in Semaphorin7A,which belongs to the Semaphorins family involved in guiding growing axons and controlling plasticity of synaptic *** this review,we discuss the role of Semaphorin7A signaling as an important molecular actor that instructs the patterning of serotonin inputs to spinal Central Pattern Generator *** show that Semaphorin7A controls the wiring of descending serotonin axons in the spinal *** results reveal that mistargetting of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord is compensated in healthy uninjured Semaphorin7A deficient mice so that their gross locomotion proceeds *** also demonstrate that when the system is challenged with a spinal lesion,the pattern of post-injury serotonin expression is significantly altered in Semaphorin7A deficient mice with specific ectopic targeting of serotonin fibers in the lumbar spinal *** mechanisms in place in uninjured Semaphorin7A deficient mice are lost and injured Semaphorin7A deficient mice exhibit a worsening of their post-injury locomotor *** findings identify Semaphorin7A as a critical determinant of serotonergic circuit formation in healthy or spinal cord injured mice.

关键词： central pattern generator guidance molecule locomotion recovery rewiring semaphorin7A serotonergic patterning serotonin spinal cord injury

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