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Study of Cassava Contraction during Its Convective Drying

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第3期15卷 35-45页

作者： Kondia Honoré Ouoba abdou-Salam Ganamé Aboubakar Compaoré abdoul Salam Ibrango Désiré Bama Salifou Ouedraogo Francois Zougmoré Hélène Desmorieux Lboratoire de matriaux de lHliophysique et Environnement (La.m.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire des matriaux et Environnement (LA.m.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Applique (UFR/SEA) Universit de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dpartement de Physique-Chimie Universit Lda Bernard OUEDRAOGO (ex Universit de Ouahigouya) Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Laboratoire dAutomatique et de Gnie des Procds LAGEP UMR CNRS 5007 Universit Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France

During this study, a focus is placed on the physical transformations that cassava undergoes during convective drying. The product continually changes its size, shape, and even its texture and consistency. The more moisture a product loses, the smaller its size. Firstly, the results show that water parameters such as mass or moisture content are reduced according to the drying principle. The dimensions length L, width l and thickness e decrease following a linear trend. The mathematical equations describing them were determined using the Excel office tool. This trend impacts surface and volume parameters, which in turn decrease almost linearly with the water content of the product. Note that the R2 coefficient is not always acceptable, confirming the complexity of the behavior of organic products.

关键词： Dimensions Reduction Shrinkage Index I

Physical Transformations on Organic Product during Its Convective Drying: Case of Sweet Potato

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第2期15卷 25-34页

作者： Ouoba Kondia Honoré Ganamé abdou-Salam Compaoré Aboubakar Ibrango abdoul Salam Bama Désiré Zougmoré Francois Desmorieux Hélène Laboratoire de matriaux de lHliophysique et Environnement (La.m.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire des matriaux et Environnement (LA.m.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Applique (UFR/SEA) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de lEnvironnement (LPCE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (ED-ST) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire dAutomatique et de Gnie des Procds(LAGEP) Universit Claude Bernard Lyon France

This study highlighted the physical transformation that agri-food products undergo during their drying. This transformation enormously affects the customer’s choice and the profit margin of the dried product promoter. The example of the experimental study of the potato reveals that the product continually changes its dimensions during its drying. The more the product loses its water, the more the dimensions decrease. The results initially showed that the water parameters such as mass or water content decrease according to the drying principle. The dimensions length L., width l and thickness e. decrease following a linear trend whose mathematical equations which describe them are determined using the office tool, excel. This trend has repercussions on the surface and volume parameters which in turn decreases almost linearly with the product’s water content. Note that the coefficient R2 is not always acceptable, confirming the complex nature of the behavior of organic products.

关键词： Dimensions Reduction Shrinkage Index I

Antiretroviral Therapeutic Profile in Patients Living with HIV with Chronic Kidney Disease

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第3期9卷 252-262页

作者： Yawovi mawufemo Tsevi Lidaw Déassoua Bawe Komi Dzidzonu Nemi abdou Razak moukaila Akessiwe Akouda Patassi majesté Ihou majesté Ihou Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé University of Lome-Togo Departement of Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé University of Lome-Togo Department of Internal medicine University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio Lomé University of Lome-Togo

Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) is one of the important complications during HIV infection. The advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the prognosis of these patients. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of people living with HIV received at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (ATC) of the Department of Infectious Diseases of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital (CHU-SO). The study period was 6 months from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018. A total of 234 patients were enrolled during the study period. The mean age of patients at initiation of treatment was 42.07 ± 9.49 years with an average duration of follow-up under antiretroviral treatment of 5.61 ± 3.22 years. The female sex was predominant (70.09%) and a sex ratio (m/F) of 0.43. most people living with HIV were mostly classified at clinical stage 2 (30.77) and 3 (31.62%) of WHO at initiation of HAART. The mean CD4 rate was 223.30 ± 143.764 at initiation of HAART and 462.58 ± 202.723 at the time of study. The frequency of CKD was 11.11%. The majority of patients were placed in a fixed combination of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz in a proportion of 81.20% of cases. In univariate analysis shows that age greater than 45 years (p = 0.017). Pathological proteinuria (p = 0.021) were associated with CKD. In multivariate analysis, only age (p = 0.045) and pathological proteinuria (p = 0.035) were significantly associated with CKD.

关键词： Therapeutic Profile CKD HIV HAART Togo

Case Study of Coastal Fog Events in Senegal Using LIDAR Ceilometer

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2023年第4期6卷 64-76页

作者： Semou Ndao Cheikh modou Noreyni Fall Luis Duran Assie Regina Djiguene Diatta abdou lahat Dieng Badara Sane Amadou Thierno Gaye Laboratory of Physics of the Atmosphere and Ocean-Siméon Fongang(LPAO-SF) Higher Polytechnic SchoolUniversity Cheikh Anta Diop(UCAD)PO BOX 5085DakarSenegal Department of Earth Physics and Astrophysics Complutense University of MadridMadrid28040Spain meteorological Operation Service Representation of the Agency for the Safety of Air Navigation in Africa and Madagascar(ASECNA)in SenegalPO BOX 3144DakarSenegal Laboratory of Oceanography and Climate Experiments and Numerical Approaches(LOCEAN)Sorbonne University(SU)Paris75006France

This study aims to examine the atmospheric conditions characterising fog phenomena on the Senegalese coast focusing on two specific instances that occurred on April 3 and April 30,*** events were detected by the LIDAR Ceilometer installed at LPAOSF/ESP/UCAD and confirmed on the mETARs of the meteorological stations at Dakar and Diass *** LIDAR’s backscatter signal showed that the fog of April 3 started around midnight with a vertical extension at 100 m altitude and dissipated around 10 *** April 30 event characterized by a good vertical extension from the surface up to 300 m above sea level,was triggered just after 2 *** lasted around 3 *** results showed that a decrease in temperature,accompanied by an increase in humidity and light wind,is favorable for the triggering and persistence of *** Level Pressure(SLP)anomaly fields show two distinct *** April 3 event was characterized by a zonal dipole of SLP anomalies between the Sahara and the northern Senegalese coast,while the April 30 event was characterized by a meridional dipole between the Sahara and the Gulf of Guinea area as far as the equatorial Atlantic.A weakening of the pressure around the study area was observed in both cases,allowing moisture advection to favor the onset of *** hovmoller diagrams of relative humidity and wind show that a good vertical extension of humidity associated with a westerly wind in the lower layers plays an important role in the formation and persistence of *** presence of dry air associated with a weak easterly wind in the middle layers could explain the low vertical extension of the fog on April 3.A strong wind in the lower layers would be responsible for the premature dissipation of the April 30 fog.

关键词： Coastal fog LIDAR Ceilometer Sea level pressure Relative humidity Temperature

Redo Cardiac Surgery: Bleeding Control

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第9期7卷 299-307页

作者： A. Seghrouchni m. Bamous Y. moutakiallah F. Nya N. Atmani A. abdou m. Belkhadir S. Bellouize A. Abetti R. mounir A. moujahid A. G. Hatim m. Drissi Y. El Bekkali A. Boulahya m. Ait. Houssa Cardiac Surgery Department Mohammed V Military Hospital Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

Redo cardiac surgery increases?mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine if aprotinin was superior to tranexamic acid concerning control bleeding loss after redo valve surgery. A retrospective study was conducted from January 1994 until December 2014. 221 patients underwent redo cardiac valve surgery and separated into two groups: aprotinin group (n?=?85) and tranexamic acid group (n?=?136). Univariate tests were applied for data analysis. A total of 221 patients were enrolled in this study. This cohort was separated into two groups: aprotinin group (n?=?85) and tranexamic acid group (n?=?136). Euroscore in tranexamic acid group was higher: 5.96 ± 3.04 vs.?5.17 ± 2.83 in aprotinin group?(p?=?0.055). There was no statistical difference in postoperative mortality between the two groups (p?= 0.153). No statistical differences were reported concerning: total blood loss (p?= 0.51), red blood cells transfusion (p?= 0.215), reexploration for bleeding (p?= 0.537) and postoperative renal failure (p?= 0.79). There were statistical differences concerning mechanical ventilation time, which is longer in tranexamic acid group (p?= 0.008) and the use of inotropic drug support, which is more frequent in the tranexamic acid group (p?= 0.001). Our results demonstrated that tranexamic acid and aprotinin reduce transfusion requirement and blood loss. Due to financial reason, we chose tranexamic acid in preventing blood loss in redo valve surgery.

关键词： Cardiac Surgery Aprotinin Tranexamic Acid Cardiopulmonary Bypass

State of the HIV, Hepatitis B and C Virus Pandemic from 2003 to 2022 in Burkina Faso: Evolution of Prevalence Trends and Strategic Recommendations to Achieve the WHO’s Goal for Their Eradication by 2030

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 628-643页

作者： abdou Azaque Zouré Christelle Nadembega Djénéba Ouermi abdoul Karim Ouattara Lassina Traoré Adama Tiemtoré Olivier Sawadogo Théodora m. Zohoncon Florencia W. Djigma Jacques Simpore Cerba-Labiogene Group Centre de Recherche Biomolculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie molculaire et de Gntique (LABIOGENE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga Burkina Faso Department of Biomedical Hpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Biology Universit Norbert Zongo/Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of mathematic Universit de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Faculty of medicine University Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The main objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from 2003 to 2022. The data were collected using information available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 samples and the mean age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from 2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recommended by the WHO by 2030.

关键词： HIV Viral Hepatitis B and C WHO’s 2030 Goal Burkina Faso

Assessing the Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa: Experience of Two Hemodialysis Centers in Niger

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2016年第4期6卷 161-166页

作者： Hassan Diongole moussa Zeinabou maiga moussa Tondi Yaya Kane mahamane Aminou mahamane Sani Ide abdou Illiassou Touré Aichatou Illa Adehossi Eric Omar Nephrology Department of Zender University Zender Niger Nephrology Department and Internal medecine of abdou moumouni University Niamey Niger Nephrology Department of Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Hospital Center of Cahors

Introduction: Patients with end-stage chronic renal failure (ESKD) have a significant impairment in their nutritional status. Our study is aiming at evaluating the nutritional status based on clinical and biological parameters. Patient and method: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out in two departments of nephrology/dialysis in Niger from 1 December 2014 to 31 march 2015. The assessment of nutritional status relied on the Body mass Index (BmI), albuminemia, serum phosphate, hemoglobin, CRP, urea, creatinine levels. Results: Sixty-five patients were involved in the study. The mean age was 44.35 ± 13 years with a sex ratio of 2.09 in favor of men and an average dialysis duration of 43.47 ± 36.55 months. The mean BmI was 21.60 ± 4.47 kg/m2. Undernutrition was noted in 19 patients (29.23%), hypoalbuminemia was found in 13 patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) level was high in 11 patients. In comparative analysis according to the BmI, several parameters were significantly related to undernutrition: hypo-albuminemia, hyperphosphatemia, high CRP, hyperazotemia, anorexia, mUAC, comorbidities, central venous catheter. Conclusion: The prognostic value of undernutrition in chronic hemodialysis patients fosters early recognition and management of all nutritional disturbances in these patients. Assessment and monitoring of nutritional status in chronic hemodialysis require the simultaneous determination of several markers in order to weight the limits of each of the criteria taken in isolation.

关键词： Nutrition Hemodialysis Niger

Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy in a Low Resources Country: An Eight-Year Retrospective Cohort Study from a Secondary Care Hospital in Niger

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第10期14卷 1611-1627页

作者： Amadou Issa abdou Hamidou Soumana Diaouga Zalika Salifou Lankoandé Souley Ibrahim Lailata maina Oumara Harouna Salifou Jamila Salamatou Guédé Younsou Ganda moussa Boukari Oumarou Garba Souleymane Hamissou Souley m. Noury madi Nayama Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Mother and Child Health Centre Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Issaka Gazoby Maternity Hospital Abdou Moumouni University in Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Mother and Child Health Centre Andre Salifou University of Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology General Referal Hospital Abdou Moumouni University in Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Anesthesia Referal Hospital in Maradi Maradi Niger

Introduction: Emergency obstetric hysterectomy (EOH) is a lifesaving procedure that is performed as a last resort in cases of severe postpartum haemorrhage. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, socio-demographic profile of patients, indications, management and maternal-fetal outcomes of EOH in a maternity hospital with limited resources in Niger. methodology: This was an eight-year retrospective cohort study involving the analysis of medical records from patients who underwent emergency obstetric hysterectomies between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2022 at the mother and Child Health Centre (mCHC) in maradi, Niger. The epidemiological data, indications, and outcomes of EOH were collated and subjected to analysis using the statistical software package SPSS 21.0. Comparisons were made using the Chi-squared test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: During the study period, 239 cases of emergency obstetric hysterectomy were recorded out of 269,710 deliveries, representing a frequency of 0.89%. The mean age of the patients was 32.41 years (range: 17 - 50 years). The patients were identified as married (239 cases, 100%), unemployed (228 cases, 95.4%), and not attending school (215 cases, 90%). The largest number of cases were observed in large multiparous women (i.e., those with more than five children), representing 58.6% of the total number of cases (140 patients). The average parity among this group was 6.15 children. The majority of patients (229 patients, 95.82%) had undergone in utero transfer, with 169 patients (70.71%), originating from peripheral maternity units in the maradi region. Upon admission, 116 patients (48.53%) exhibited active genital haemorrhage, while 58 patients (24.26%) were in shock. The primary indications for hysterectomy were uterine rupture (153 patients, 64%), uterine atony (77 patients, 32.2%), and placental accreta (six patients, 2.5%). Hysterectomy was performed

关键词： Emergency Obstetrical Hysterectomy Postpartum Hemorrhage maternal mortality Niger

Evaluation of the Care of Children Aged 0 to 10 Years Hospitalized for Severe malaria at the Tambacounda Health Center, Senegal

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 581-594页

作者： Tidiane Gadiaga Aminata Fall Alioune Badara Gueye Siré Sagna Bayal Cissé mouhamadou Faly Ba médoune Ndiop Babacar Gueye Samba Cor Sarr Sylla Thiam Elhadji Ba Konko Ciré Jean Louis abdou Ndiaye Issa Wone Directorate of Research Planning and Statistics Ministry of Health and Social Action Dakar Senegal Faculty of medicine Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Presidents malaria Initiative USAID Dakar Senegal Tambacounda Health District Ministry of Health and Social Action Tambacounda Senegal Institute of Health and Development Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal National malaria Control Program (NmCP) Dakar Senegal UFR Sant Faculty of Medicine Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal

Introduction: malaria remains a public health priority in Senegal, particularly in Tambacounda, where it is one of the main causes of child mortality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the care of children under 10 years of age hospitalized at the Tambacounda Health Center and the factors associated with recovery. methods: An analytical, retrospective, and descriptive cross-sectional study with exhaustive recruitment of children 0 to 120 months hospitalized at the Tambacounda reference health center for severe malaria (according to WHO criteria) between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021 was performed. Data collection was done through a questionnaire. Records, hospitalization records, and treatment records were the sources of collection. Data entry and analysis were performed on Epi Info 7.2 and R. Results: A total of 481 children hospitalized with severe malaria were recruited. The highest number of cases was recorded in 2018 (33.05%). In the four years of the study, peaks were always observed between October and November and the highest peak in November 2020 with 95 cases. The mean age was 65.64 months with a standard deviation of 29.28 months and a predominance of male (53.43%). The majority of people were admitted from the outpatient clinic (57.79%) and the rest (42.21%) on the recommendation of a peripheral health post. All hospitalized patients had a positive RDT and/or a positive thick drop. However, the sharp decline at admission or during hospitalization was positive in 93.80% of patients in our series, negative in 5.20% and not achieved in 1.00%. Seizures and severe anemia topped the list of signs of severity with 45.94% and 8.11%, respectively. In terms of evolution, for all hospitalized patients, there were 81.29% recovery, 10.19% referral to the Tambacounda regional hospital center for hospitalization, 4.99% death, 0.83% discharge and 2.70% unknown evolution. There was a statistically significant association between recovery without referral f

关键词： Severe malaria Children Tambacounda Senegal