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Invisible vapor catalysis in graphene growth by chemical vapor deposition

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4259-4269页

作者： Xiucai sun Xiaoting Liu Zhongti sun Xintong Zhang Yuzhu Wu Yeshu Zhu Yuqing Song Kaicheng Jia Jincan Zhang luzhao sun Wan-Jian Yin Zhongfan Liu Center for Nanochemistry Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Graphene Institute(BGI) Beijing 100095China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Vapor catalysis was recently found to play a crucial role in superclean graphene growth via chemical vapor decomposition(CVD).However,knowledge of vapor-phase catalysis is scarce,and several fundamental issues,including vapor compositions and their impact on graphene growth,are ***,by combining density functional theory(DFT)calculations,an ideal gas model,and a designed experiment,we found that the vapor was mainly composed of Cui clusters with tens of *** vapor pressure was estimated to be~10^(-12)-10^(-1)1 bar under normal low-pressure CVD system(LPCVD)conditions for graphene growth,and the exposed surface area of Cui clusters in the vapor was 22-269 times that of the Cu substrate surface,highlighting the importance of vapor *** calculations show Cu clusters,represented by Cu17,have strong capabilities for adsorption,dehydrogenation,and decomposition of *** exhibit an adsorption lifetime and reaction flux six orders of magnitude higher than those on the Cu surface,thus providing a sufficient supply of active C atoms for rapid graphene growth and improving the surface cleanliness of the synthesized *** experimental validation showed that increasing the amount of Cu vapor improved the as-synthesized graphene growth rate and surface *** study provides a comprehensive understanding of vapor catalysis and the fundamental basis of vapor control for superclean graphene rapid growth.

关键词： vapor catalysis graphene growth chemical vapor deposition first-principles calculation

An effectiveness study of vaccination and quarantine combination strategies for containing mpox transmission on simulated college campuses

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 805-815页

作者： Qiangru Huang Yanxia sun Mengmeng Jia Mingyue Jiang Yunshao Xu luzhao Feng Weizhong Yang School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China National Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

The ongoing transmission of mpox in specific countries and regions necessitates urgent *** is essential to implement targeted containment strategies that concentrate on high-risk populations and critical locations,such as college campuses,to effectively curb the spread of *** study is dedicated to evaluating the performance of various vaccination and quarantine strategies in curbing the spread of mpox and estimating the outbreak *** accomplish this,we constructed a stochastic,agent-based,discrete-time susceptible-latent-infectious-recovered(SLIR)model,to examine mpox transmission on a simulated college *** findings reveal that relying solely on PEP is insufficient in containing mpox *** bolster the population immunity and protect the vulnerable,pre-exposure vaccination among high-risk populations prior to an outbreak is *** study demonstrates that a pre-exposure vaccination rate of 50%in high-risk populations can led to a remarkable 74.2%reduction of *** translated to a mere 1.0%cumulative infection incidence in the overall *** cases where the desired vaccination coverage is not attainable,enhancing case detection and isolation measures can serve as an effective emergency response to contain mpox *** pre-exposure vaccination coverage of 20%or lower,a 40%isolation ratio is necessary to keep the cumulative number of infections in ***,when the coverage exceeds 30%,a reduced isolation ratio of 20%becomes sufficient to manage the outbreak *** insights underscore the importance of strategic pre-exposure vaccination in conjunction with robust surveillance and isolation protocols to safeguard public health and prevent the escalation of mpox outbreaks.

关键词： Infectious diseases Mpox Vaccination Quarantine

A Large-Scale Online Survey on Clinical Severity and Associated Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection — China, April–May 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 305-311,I0001-I0004页

作者： Yanxia sun Yuping Duan Jie Qian Yimin Qu Ye Wang Guohui Fan Qiangru Huang Zhongjie Li Weizhong Yang luzhao Feng State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and ControlMinistry of EducationSchool of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Individuals who initially contract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)lack significant mixed ***,it is crucial to monitor the clinical characteristics and associated factors of these individuals in order to inform *** is added by this report?The common symptoms reported were fever,cough,and sore *** and receiving four vaccination doses within a 6-month period were found to be associated with a shorter duration of virus shedding,decreased hospitalization rate,and reduced risk of *** aged 60 years and older,as well as those with underlying medical conditions,had a higher risk of developing *** are the implication for public health practices?Online surveys conducted through social media platforms have the potential to complement disease surveillance and data collection *** terms of vaccination prioritization,it is recommended to prioritize older individuals and those with underlying diseases.

关键词： doses Online initially

Mapping the Characteristics of Respiratory Infectious Disease Epidemics in China Based on the Baidu Index from November 2022 to January 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第37期6卷 939-945,I0001-I0007页

作者： Dazhu Huo Ting Zhang Xuan Han Liuyang Yang Lei Wang Ziliang Fan Xiaoli Wang Jiao Yang Qiangru Huang Ge Zhang Ye Wang Jie Qian Yanxia sun Yimin Qu Yugang Li Chuchu Ye luzhao Feng Zhongjie Li Weizhong Yang Chen Wang School of Health Policy and Management Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Yichang Center for Disease Prevention and Control Yichang CityHubei ProvinceChina Weifang Center for Disease Prevention and Control Weifang CityShandong ProvinceChina Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control BeijingChina School of Public Health Dali UniversityDali CityYunnan ProvinceChina Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention ShanghaiChina

Introduction:Infectious diseases pose a significant global health and economic burden,underscoring the critical need for precise predictive *** Baidu index provides enhanced real-time surveillance capabilities that augment traditional ***:Baidu search engine data on the keyword“fever”were extracted from 255 cities in China from November 2022 to January *** and peak dates for influenza epidemics were identified by testing various criteria that combined thresholds and consecutive ***:The most effective scenario for indicating epidemic commencement involved a 90th percentile threshold exceeded for seven consecutive days,minimizing false *** detection was optimized using a 7-day moving average,balancing stability and ***:The use of internet search data,such as the Baidu index,significantly improves the timeliness and accuracy of disease surveillance *** innovative approach supports faster public health interventions and demonstrates its potential for enhancing epidemic monitoring and response efforts.

关键词： faster precise false

2023年中国省、市、县区级疾病预防控制机构工作人员培训需求情况分析

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中国公共卫生 2024年第6期40卷 711-717页

作者：李玉刚蒋慧莉冯录召杨维中孙汶雯中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京100730

目的了解我国省、市、县区三级疾病预防控制机构工作人员的培训需求,提出相应的对策建议,旨在为我国不同层级疾病预防控制机构的培训优化提供科学参考。方法按照中国地理单元划分,于2023年9—10月采取分层随机抽取北京市、湖南省、上海... 详细信息

目的了解我国省、市、县区三级疾病预防控制机构工作人员的培训需求,提出相应的对策建议,旨在为我国不同层级疾病预防控制机构的培训优化提供科学参考。方法按照中国地理单元划分,于2023年9—10月采取分层随机抽取北京市、湖南省、上海市、广东省、甘肃省、吉林省和四川省7个省(直辖市)的7个省级、7个市级、14个县区级疾控机构,对2520名疾控人员进行基本信息、培训内容、时长、频率等需求情况调查。采用频数和构成比描述计数资料,以χ^(2)检验比较不同层级人员的培训需求,调查对象选择培训理想频次的影响因素。结果共收回有效问卷2290份,来自省、市和县区级疾控人员分别为671、607和1012人。不同层级的人员均比较关注传染病防控和突发公共卫生事件应急处置培训。县区级更偏好实践技能训练(χ^(2)=7.917,P=0.019)和应急模拟演练教学方法(χ^(2)=6.255,P=0.044)。省级和市级人员更需要数据分析软件(58.9%和59.6%)、科研项目设计(54.2%和43.0%)和论文撰写(34.4%和35.3%)培训,县区级人员更需要信息系统使用(41.4%)和计算机技能(39.1%)培训。选择理想的培训频次影响因素(P1);与大专及以下学历者比较,本科(OR=2.093)和硕士(OR=2.519)及以上学历者选择高频次的可能性增加(P1);与具有公共卫生执业医师资格证人员比较,其他类型人员选择高频次的可能性增加(OR=1.488,P1)。结论不同层级人员均有参加培训的强烈意愿,需增加培训机会以满足需求。不同层级人员对培训内容、时长等需求存在差异,应以实际工作需求为导向,探索并制定差异化的培训模式。

关键词：疾病预防控制机构人员培训能力提升

Fast scanning growth of high-quality graphene films on Cu foils fueled by dimeric carbon precursor

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Nano Research 2023年第10期16卷 12246-12252页

作者： Heng Chen Xiucai sun Xiaofeng Song Buhang Chen Ziteng Ma Wanjian Yin luzhao sun Zhongfan Liu Center for Nanochemistry Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Graphene Institute Beijing 100095China College of Materials Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation CenterSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Carbon source precursor is a critical factor governing chemical vapor deposition growth of graphene ***(CH4),has been the most commonly used precursor in the last decade,but it presents challenges in terms of decomposition efficiency and growth *** we thoroughly evaluated acetylene(C2H_(2)),a precursor that is probably for providing carbon dimer(C2)species,for fast growth of large-scale graphene *** find that the graphene growth behaviors fueled by C2H_(2) exhibit unconventional localized growth behavior with significant advantages in terms of high growth rate,which mainly ascribe to the as-decomposed C2 ***,a C2-fueled scanning growth strategy is proposed,and the fast scanning growth rate of 40 cm/min was experimentally *** growth strategy is compatible with the approach of unidirectional growth of single-crystal graphene films,and the as-grown graphene films are of *** work demonstrates a reliable and promising strategy for the rapid synthesis of high-quality graphene film and may pave the avenue to cost-effective mass production of graphene materials in the roll-to-roll system.

关键词： graphene film chemical vapor deposition fast growth carbon dimer roll-to-roll production

我国疾病预防控制机构人员培训需求及支持对策研究

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中国预防医学杂志 2024年第4期25卷 478-483页

作者：孙汶雯李玉刚冯录召杨维中中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京100730

目的分析我国疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)人员的培训需求,为规范培训体系和完善培训制度提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样,根据中国地理单元划分抽取北京市、湖南省、上海市、广东省、甘肃省、吉林省、四川省疾控机构工作人员2290人,对... 详细信息

目的分析我国疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)人员的培训需求,为规范培训体系和完善培训制度提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样,根据中国地理单元划分抽取北京市、湖南省、上海市、广东省、甘肃省、吉林省、四川省疾控机构工作人员2290人,对疾控机构工作人员进行关于培训需求相关问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验比较不同特征人员的培训需求差异。结果调查对象中有2211人(96.55%)表示需要参加培训;1037人(45.28%)希望每年培训2~1220人(53.28%)认为每次培训2~1.38~5.17)、40~14,95%CI:2.08~8.21)和≥50岁(OR=2.56,95%CI:1.35~4.85)培训需要率较高(P<0.05);月收入5000~<8000元的培训需要率较低(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.20~0.78,P=0.008)。结论疾控人员参加培训的需求强烈,年龄和月收入影响疾控人员的培训需要率。建议依据不同特征疾控人员的培训需求,合理安排培训次数、培训时长、培训方式、专业内容和进修单位等,切实提升培训效果,逐步完善疾控人员培训体系。

关键词：疾病预防控制机构人员培训能力提升培训需求培训对策

Quantitative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Antigen-and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Combination Strategies for Containing COVID-19 Transmission in a Simulated Community

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Engineering 2023年第9期28卷 234-242页

作者： Qiangru Huang Yanxia sun Mengmeng Jia Ting Zhang Fangyuan Chen Mingyue Jiang Qing Wang luzhao Feng Weizhong Yang School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China School of Arts and Sciences Beijing Institute of Fashion TechnologyBeijing 100105China

The number of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases continues to surge,overwhelming healthcare systems and causing excess mortality in many *** of infectious populations remains a key strategy to contain the COVID-19 outbreak,delay the exponential spread of the disease,and flatten the epidemic *** the Omicron variant outbreak as a background,this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of testing strategies with different test combinations and frequencies,analyze the factors associated with testing effectiveness,and optimize testing strategies based on these influencing *** developed a stochastic,agent-based,discrete-time susceptible–latent–infectious–recovered model simulating a community to estimate the association between three levels of testing strategies and COVID-19 *** testing and its combination strategies were more efficient than polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-related *** testing also showed better performance in reducing the demand for hospital beds and intensive care unit *** delay in the turnaround time of test results had a more significant impact on the efficiency of the testing strategy compared to the detection limit of viral load and detection-related *** main advantage of antigen testing strategies is the short turnaround time,which is also a critical factor to be optimized to improve PCR *** modifying the turnaround time,the strategies with less frequent testing were comparable to daily *** choice of testing strategy requires consideration of containment goals,test efficacy,community prevalence,and economic *** study provides evidence for the selection and optimization of testing strategies in the post-pandemic era and provides guidance for optimizing healthcare resources.

关键词： COVID-19 Antigen testing PCR testing Testing strategies

中国疾病预防控制机构人员培训现状及其影响因素的横断面研究

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现代疾病预防控制 2024年第4期35卷 241-246,255页

作者：李玉刚蒋慧莉冯录召杨维中孙汶雯中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京100730

目的了解中国疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)人员的培训现状及存在的问题。方法2023年9—10月采用横断面调查方法选取7个省(直辖市)的疾控机构工作人员进行问卷调查,调查内容包括个人基本情况和近一年(2022年9月—2023年8月)接受培训的情况... 详细信息

目的了解中国疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)人员的培训现状及存在的问题。方法2023年9—10月采用横断面调查方法选取7个省(直辖市)的疾控机构工作人员进行问卷调查,调查内容包括个人基本情况和近一年(2022年9月—2023年8月)接受培训的情况等,分析疾控机构人员培训现况及其影响因素。结果本次调查共回收2290份有效问卷,近一年参加过培训的有1961人(85.6%),其中51.0%的人参加了≥4次培训;培训形式中培训效果排在前3位的依次为集中培训(33.0%)、专题讲座(17.8%)和进修学习(14.7%);女性参加培训率(86.84%)更高,≥50岁(79.10%)、大专及以下学历(74.48%)、未定级(79.17%)、工作年限1年(76.07%)及≥31年(73.28%)、地市级单位(82.37%)的人员参加培训率较低。参加培训者对培训总体满意率为66.9%,影响疾控人员对培训总体情况满意度的主要因素为性别、年龄、职称和疾控工作年限。最近一年未参加过培训的人员有329名,选择的459人次未参加培训的原因中,比例最高的3个原因分别是没有收到培训通知(35.1%)、想参加的培训项目名额有限(13.9%)、工作脱不开身(10.0%)。结论当前疾控机构人员培训体系中存在的培训通知信息不畅通、培训项目名额有限、培训时间冲突、培训机会不均等及培训方式不合理等问题,制约了疾控机构发展和人才队伍能力提升,急需改善信息传播机制、增加培训资源投入、优化培训时间安排、建立公平的培训机会分配机制,以及引入多元化和创新性的培训方式。

关键词：疾控能力提升人员培训人才队伍建设