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Effects of essential oils on economically important characteristics of ruminant species:A comprehensive review

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 1-10页

作者： Cara wessels Wells MicroBios Inc.HoustonUnited States

Essential oils derived from plants can provide biological impacts to livestock *** studies researching essential oils in livestock have investigated various essential oils for prevention and treatment of microbial infection and parasites as well as to enhance milk production,animal performance and rumen *** the availability of several commercial products containing essential oils to promote animal health and production,the vast amount of essential oils,modes of application,and effective concentrations of the essential oils suggest there are more opportunities for essential oils to be utilized in commercial livestock production and veterinary *** objective of this review is to contribute to the understanding of the value that essential oils can provide to the ruminant diet and to examine the biological impact of various essential oils on economically important production traits of ruminant species.

关键词： Essential oils Ruminant diet Non-antibiotic therapy

Reviving Ancient Water Tunnels in the Desert—Digging for Gold?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第4期2卷 294-305页

作者： Joshka wessels Amsterdam Research Institute for Global Issues and Development Studies (AGIDS)

The water shortage in the Middle East is a well-known problem. The introduction of diesel operated pumps for irrigation has caused a severe drop in groundwater levels. At the same time the demand for groundwater is growing to alarming proportions. Alternative ways of groundwater supply and management need to be found to halt social and economical disaster in the future. Why not look at history？ Qanats are subterranean tunnels ancient civilizations built to access groundwater. The technique is a sustainable method of groundwater extraction. Throughout the Middle East some settlements still make use of these ancient systems. In the summer of 2000, a community rehabilitation of a qanat was executed International Center for Areas （ICARDA） and with support from the Agricultural Research in Dry international donors. The renovation served as a pilot community intervention within a participatory action research project aimed at evaluating the use of qanats in Syria. In a second stage of the project, the pilot was scaled up to a nation-wide survey of Syrian qanats in 2001. This resulted in qanat renovations on other sites executed in 2oo2 and 2oo3 with further international support. This paper compares the first pilot renovation with a recent qanat renovation that took place in Qarah, Syria.

关键词： Traditional water management community action participatory action research Syria Middle East

Awareness of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and treatment guidelines:What are physicians telling us?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第2期13卷 233-241页

作者： David Hermanus wessels Zeil Rosenberg Medical Office A.E.S.Chorley PR71NYLancashireUnited Kingdom Chief Medical Office Accelerated Enrollment SolutionsHorshamPA 19044United States

BACKGROUND There is an acute need to raise awareness of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NAfLD/NASH)among primary care physicians,endocrinologists and diabetologists to improve patient identification and address the current difficulties in NASH clinical trial *** examined the extent of knowledge and practice regarding NASH diagnosis and management guidelines.A randomized online convenience survey of 12869 physicians drawn from a national physician database of primary care physicians(PCPs),and gastroenterology and endocrinology specialists were queried via online *** results,based on a cohort of 185 respondents,showed gaps in knowledge and practice between these three groups of practitioners,with primary care providers having the lowest adherence to published guidelines for diagnosis of *** clear knowledge and patient identification at the point of presentation-which is often in primary care or with specialties other than hepatology–many patients with NAfLD and NASH will remain undiagnosed and untreated,and clinical studies will continue to struggle with patient recruitment,hindering clinical development and optimal patient *** To determine knowledge base concerning NASH diagnosis amongst gastroenterologists,endocrinologists and primary care physicians to improve referrals into clinical *** A randomized online convenience survey of 12869 physicians drawn from a national physician database of PCPs,and gastroenterology and endocrinology specialists was conducted yielding a sample of 185 *** The survey revealed that many physicians are either unaware of testing options other than biopsy,or do not use them in *** 46%of endocrinologists and 42%of primary care physicians indicated they would refer a patient for specialist workup if they suspected ***(25%)and inconvenience to patients(18%)are given as reasons for not referring those with suspected NASH for *** stan

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Enrollment Screening Diagnostics Guidelines

Variation of basic density,calorific value and volumetric shrinkage within tree height and tree age of Ugandan grown Eucalyptus grandis wood

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Journal of forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： Owen Emmanuel Sseremba P.Mugabi A.Y.Banana B.C.wessels M.Plessis Department of forestry Biodiversity and TourismMakerere UniversityKampalaUganda Department of forestry and Wood Science Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa

Insufficient knowledge on Ugandan grown Eucalyptus grandis *** ex Maiden wood properties,high demand,and processing challenges led to a study into its physical *** obtained the variation of basic density(BD),calorific value(CV)and volumetric shrinkage(VS)within tree height and tree-age of ***,and its appropriate use based on these *** with good boles were harvested from Kabarole District in western Uganda to produce specimens as prescribed by British Standards and ASTM standard wood testing *** data reviews and statistical analysis using ANOVA,Tukey’s test and multivariate analysis were done to obtain property estimates and their variation within trees and amongst tree *** mean BD of *** is 413.6,380.5,471.0,and 501.1 kg m^(−3)at 3,6,9,and 12 years,respectively,showing significant increase with tree age(p=0.003).The pattern of BD with tree height showed a reduction with tree height although with higher values in the middle portion of the *** CV increases(p=0.014)with tree age and reduces with tree height with values of 14,560.32,15,447.3,16,079.11,and 16,932.6 kJ kg^(−1)at 3,6,9,and 12 years,*** percentage VS was 11.02,9.84,12.31,and 14.45 for 3-,6-,9-,and 12-year-old trees,respectively,and it did not vary significantly(p=0.088)with tree *** on these property values,*** wood could be used for scaffolding,light constructions and fuel wood *** seasoning needs to be longer with well monitored drying schedules to reduce seasoning defects caused by the high *** studies on strength properties,seasoning schedules,panel products properties and tree-age chemical variations would improve the knowledge about its wood quality and would enhance its efficient utilization.

关键词： Eucalyptus grandis Age Calorificvalue Basic density Volumetric shrinkage Wood

Ecological characterization of soil-inhabiting and hypolithic soil crusts within the Knersvlakte,South Africa

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 85-97页

作者： Bettina Weber Dirk CJ wessels Kirstin Deutschewitz Stephanie Dojani Hans Reichenberger Burkhard Büdel Department of Biology University of KaiserslauternPlant Ecology and SystematicsPO Box 3049Kaiserslautern 67653Germany Department of Multiphase Chemistry Max Planck Institute for ChemistryHahn-Meitner-Weg 1Mainz 55128Germany Department of Biodiversity School of Molecular and Life SciencesUniversity of LimpopoTurfloop CampusPrivate Bag X106Sovenga 0727South Africa URS Deutschland GmbH Europaallee 3-5Kaiserslautern 67657Germany.

Introduction:Within the Knersvlakte,cyanobacteria occur hypolithically underneath translucent quartz stones in areas with quartz pavement and,outside pavement areas,they are soil-inhabiting within the uppermost millimeters of the *** habitats were characterized in terms of biomass and growth patterns of ***-term microclimatic conditions were ***:Biomass of organisms within both habitats was determined by means of chlorophyll analyses.A transect approach was used to determine the frequency of hypolithic growth depending on the size,weight,and embedding depth of the quartz *** were identified by means of microscopic analyses of the *** conditions within both habitats,i.e.,temperature,light intensity,air humidity,and soil moisture,were recorded bi-hourly from September 23,2004 through September 7,***:The biomass of hypolithic and soil-inhabiting crusts was almost identical,88 vs.86 mg Chla/m^(2)and 136 vs.134 mg Chla+b/m^(2).Within the quartz fields,46.8%of the surface area was covered by quartz stones with 69%of translucent quartz stones colonized by hypolithic cyanobacteria and *** quartz stones were significantly thicker,heavier,and more deeply embedded in the soil than uncolonized *** the annual mean temperature on top of quartz stones was nearly identical to that underneath thin and thick quartz stones,daily temperature amplitudes were largest on the stone surface(up to 48.1K),compared to the hypolithic habitats(up to 39.4K).Light intensity in the hypolithic habitat was between 15 and 30%of the ambient light intensity during *** condensation in the absence of rain occurred during 50%of the nights on the quartz stone surface,but only during 34%of the nights on the soil surface during winter months within 1 *** moisture beneath quartz layers was greater and less variable than beneath soil-inhabiting ***:In spite of the large differences in

关键词： Hypolithic Quartz Temperature Microclimate

Implementing Constitutional Commitments to Human Rights:Parliament and National Human Rights Commissions——a South African Perspective

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The Journal of Human Rights 2005年第5期4卷 31-34页

作者： LEON wessels North West University in South Africa

'What is appropriate for one country in the light of its history, is not necessarily appropriatein another country with a different history. Our final constitution must now be forged in the lightof our history and on the basis of the agreed constitutional principles which both reflect that historyand are part of it'—Arthur Chaskalson: President of the Constitutional Court, 17 July 1995.

关键词： Implementing Constitutional Commitments to Human Rights a South African Perspective

Merging bound states in the continuum in an open acoustic resonator

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 124-131页

作者： Lujun Huang Bin Jia Artem S.Pilipchuk Sibo Huang Chen Shen Almas f.Sadreev Yong Li Andrey E.Miroshnichenko School of Physics and Electronic Sciences East China Normal University Institute of Acoustics Tongji University L.V.Kirensky Institute of Physics Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University School of Engineering and Technology University of New South Wales at Canberra

Bound states in the continuum （BICs） are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum ***,an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure ***,we report merging acoustic BICs in a single open resonator,robust against the structure *** find that both symmetry-protected BIC and friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a single coupled waveguide-resonator *** varying the height and length of the resonator,these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a single one at a critical *** to an individual BIC,the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to ΔL-4,whereΔL embodies the structure *** essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two-and three-level approximations of the effective nonHermitian ***,we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator,which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of fano resonance in the transmission *** results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources,sensors and filters.

关键词： acoustic resonances bound state in the continuum high-Q resonances

Internet-based data inclusion in a population-based European collaborative follow-up study of inflammatory bowel disease patients: Description of methods used and analysis of factors influencing response rates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第45期11卷 7152-7158页

作者： frank L Wolters Gilbert van Zeijl Jildou Sijbrandij frederik wessels Colm O'Morain Charles Limonard Maurice G Russel Reinhold W Stockbrügger Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre for Data and Information Management Global Vitis Adelaide and Meath Hospital

AIM： To describe an Internet-based data acquisition facility for a European 10-year clinical follow-up study project of a population-based cohort of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） patients and to investigate the influence of demographic and disease related patient characteristics on response rates. METHODS： Thirteen years ago, the European Collaborative study group of IBD （EC-IBD） initiated a population-based prospective inception cohort of 2 201 uniformly diagnosed IBD patients within 20 well- described geographical areas in 11 European countries and Israel. for the 10-year follow-up of this cohort, an electronic patient questionnaire （ePQ） and electronic physician per patient follow-up form （ePpPfU） were designed as two separate data collecting instruments and made available through an Internet-based website. Independent demographic and clinical determinants of ePQ participation were analyzed using multivariate logistic *** number of 1 505 （64%） available IBD patients, originating from 13 participating centers from nine different countries, both ePQ and ePpPfU were completed. Patients older than 40 years at ePQ completion （OR： 1.53 （95% CI： 1.14-2.05）） and those with active disease during the 3 mo previous to ePQ completion （OR： 3.32 （95%CI： 1.57-7.03）） were significantly more likely to respond. CONCLUSION： An Internet-based data acquisition tool appeared successful in sustaining a unique Western- European and Israelian multi-center 10-year clinical follow-up study project in patients afflicted with IBD.

关键词： Internet Questionnaire IBD Cohort study Population-based

Gut virome:New key players in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 27-43页

作者： Helal f Hetta Rehab Ahmed Yasmin N Ramadan Hayam fathy Mohammed Khorshid Mohamed M Mabrouk Mai Hashem Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Division of Microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyFaculty of pharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Division of Microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyDepartment of Natural Products and Alternative MedicineFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Division HepatogastroenterologyAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Clinical Research Egyptian Developers of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy FoundationCairo 11936Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine.Tanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologyAssiut University HospitalAssiut 71515Egypt

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory illness of the *** the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of IBD is not fully under-stood,it is believed that a complex combination of host immunological response,environmental exposure,particularly the gut microbiota,and genetic suscept-ibility represents the major *** gut virome is a group of viruses found in great frequency in the gastrointestinal tract of *** gut virome varies greatly among individuals and is influenced by factors including lifestyle,diet,health and disease conditions,geography,and *** majority of research has focused on the significance of gut bacteria in the progression of IBD,although viral populations represent an important component of the *** conducted this review to highlight the viral communities in the gut and their expected roles in the etiopathogenesis of IBD regarding published research to date.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pathogenesis Gut virome Bacteriophage Eukaryotic viruses