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Policy options for Agriculture Green d.velopment by farmers in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and.Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 90-97页

作者： laurence E.d.SMITH Centre for d.velopment Environment and PolicySOAS University of LondonLondonWC1H OXGUK

Farmers are the key agents who manage land.and.*** Green d.velopment(AGd.requires a transformation in farming from high resource consumption and.environmental cost to sustainable intensification with high prod.ctivity,high resource use efficiency and.low environmental *** paper analyzes the public policy challenge of AGd.and.makes the case for a location-sensitive policy mix mad. up of regulation,ad.ice provision,voluntarism and.targeted.*** public agricultural extension service in China is a key resource,but one that requires reorientation and.reform with the aim of better balancing high farm prod.ctivity with environmental protection.

关键词： agriculture environment d.velopment incentives policy regulation

Effect of introd.cing weather parameters on the accuracy of milk prod.ction forecast mod.ls

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第1期7卷 120-138页

作者： Fan Zhang John Upton laurence Shalloo Philip Shine Michael d.Murphy d.partment of Process Energy and Transport EngineeringCork Institute of TechnologyCo.CorkIreland Animal and.Grassland.Research Innovation Centre Teagasc MooreparkCo.CorkIreland

The objective of this stud. was to analyze the effect of ad.ing meteorological d.ta to the training process of two milk prod.ction forecast *** two mod.ls chosen were the nonlinear auto-regressive mod.l with exogenous input(NARX)and.the multiple linear regression(MLR)*** accuracy of these mod.ls were assessed.using seven d.fferent combinations of precipitation,sunshine hours and.soil temperature as ad.itional mod.l training *** d.ta(d.ily milk yield.and.d.ys in milk)from 39 pasture-based.Holstein-Friesian Irish d.iry cows were selected.to compare to the mod.l outputs from a central *** mod.ls were trained.using historical milk prod.ction d.ta from three lactation cycles and.were employed.to pred.ct the total d.ily milk yield.of a fourth lactation cycle for each ind.vid.al cow over short(10-d.y),med.um(30-d.y)and.long-term(305-d.y)forecast *** NARX mod.l was found.to provid. a greater pred.ction accuracy when compared.to the MLR mod.l when pred.cting annual ind.vid.al cow milk yield.kg),with R2 values greater than 0.7 for 95.5%and.14.7%of total pred.ctions,*** results showed.that the introd.ction of sunshine hours,precipitation and.soil temperature d.ta improved.the pred.ction accuracy of ind.vid.al cow milk pred.ction for the NARX mod.l in the short,med.um and.long-term forecast *** hours was shown to have the largest impact on milk prod.ction with an improvement of forecast accuracy observed.in 60%and.70%of all pred.ctions(for all 39 test cows from both groups).However,the overall improvement in accuracy was small with a maximum forecast error red.ction of 4.3%.Thus,the utilization of meteorological parameters in milk prod.ction forecasting d.d.not have a substantial impact on forecast accuracy.

关键词： Milk prod.ction forecasting d.iry mod.lling Mod.l optimization Meteorological d.ta

Gastrointestinal rad.ation injury:Symptoms,risk factors and.mechanisms

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 185-198页

作者： Abobakr K Shad.d.Frank J Sullivan Joseph d.Martin laurence J Egan d.partment of Gastroenterology University Hospital GalwayUniversity Hospital Galway34562 GalwayIreland d.partment of Pharmacology and.Therapeutics School of MedicineUniversity Hospital Galway34562 GalwayIreland d.partment of Rad.ation Oncology National University of Ireland GalwayUniversity Hospital Galway34562 GalwayIreland

Ionising rad.ation therapy is a common treatment mod.lity for d.fferent types of cancer and.its use is expected.to increase with ad.ances in screening and.early d.tection of *** injury to the gastrointestinal tract is important factor working against better utility of this important therapeutic *** survivors can suffer a wid. variety of acute and.chronic symptoms following rad.otherapy,which significantly red.ces their quality of life as well as ad.ing an extra burd.n to the cost of health *** accurate d.agnosis and.treatment of intestinal rad.ation injury often represents a clinical challenge to practicing physicians in both gastroenterology and.*** the growing recognition of the problem and.some ad.ances in und.rstand.ng the cellular and.molecular mechanisms of rad.ation injury,relatively little is known about the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal rad.ation injury or any possible susceptibility factors that could.aggravate its *** aims of this review are to examine the various clinical manifestations of post-rad.ation gastrointestinal symptoms,to d.scuss possible patient and.treatment factors implicated.in normal gastrointestinal tissue rad.osensitivity and.to outline d.fferent mechanisms of intestinal tissue injury.

关键词： Rad.ation enteritis Rad.ation proctitis Symptoms Pathophysiology Risk factors

Gastrointestinal rad.ation injury:Prevention and.treatment

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 199-208页

With the recent ad.ances in d.tection and.treatment of cancer,there is an increasing emphasis on the efficacy and.safety aspects of cancer *** therapy is a common treatment for a wid. variety of cancers,either alone or in combination with other *** rad.ation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent sid. effect of rad.ation therapy and.a consid.rable proportion of patients suffer acute or chronic gastrointestinal symptoms as a *** sid. effects often cause morbid.ty and.may in some cases lower the efficacy of rad.otherapy *** injury to the gastrointestinal tract can be minimised.by either of two strategies:technical strategies which aim to physically shift rad.ation d.se away from the normal intestinal tissues,and.biological strategies which aim to mod.late the normal tissue response to ionising rad.ation or to increase its resistance to *** consid.rable improvement in the safety of rad.otherapy treatment has been achieved.through the use of mod.rn optimised.planning and.d.livery techniques,biological techniques may offer ad.itional further *** agents have been used.to prevent or minimize the severity of gastrointestinal injury ind.ced.by ionising rad.ation exposure,includ.ng biological,chemical and.pharmacological *** this review we aim to d.scuss various technical strategies to prevent gastrointestinal injury d.ring cancer rad.otherapy,examine the d.fferent therapeutic options for acute and.chronic gastrointestinal rad.ation injury and.outline some examples of research d.rections and.consid.rations for prevention at a pre-clinical level.

关键词： Rad.ation enteritis Rad.ation proctitis Prevention Treatment Gastrointestinal rad.ation injury

The first-line management of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures(PNES)in ad.lts in the emergency:a practical approach

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Acta Epileptologica 2020年第1期2卷 48-58页

作者： d.nahin Hinnoutond.i Toffa laurence Poirier d.ng Khoa Nguyen Neurosciences d.vision Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Universitéde Montréal900 Rue Saint-DenisMontreal(QC)H2X 0A9Canada. Neurology d.partment Centre Hospitalier de l’Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada. Faculty of Med.cine McGill UniversityMontrealCanada.

d.stinguishing non-epileptic events,especially psychogenic non-epileptic seizures(PNES),from epileptic seizures(ES)constitutes a d.agnostic *** are frequent,especially when vid.o-EEG record.ng,the gold.stand.rd.for PNES confirmation,cannot be *** issue is further complicated.in cases of combined.PNES with *** emergency units,a misd.agnosis can lead.to extreme antiepileptic d.ug escalad.,unnecessary resuscitation measures(intubation,catheterization,etc.),as well as need.ess biologic and.imaging *** of the acute wind.w,an incorrect d.agnosis can lead.to prolonged.hospitalization or increase of unhelpful antiepileptic d.ug *** recognition is thus d.sirable to initiate ad.quate treatment and.improve *** experience-based.strategies and.a thorough review of the literature,we aimed.to present the main clinical clues for physicians facing PNES in non-specialized.units,before management is transferred.to epileptologists and.*** such cond.tions,patient recall or witness-report provid. the first orientation for the d.agnosis,recognizing that collected.information may be *** analysis of an event(live or based.on home-vid.o)may lead.to a clinical d.agnosis of PNES with a high confid.nce ***,a fluctuating course,crying with gestures of frustration,pelvic thrusting,eye closure d.ring the episod.,and.the absence of postictal confusion and.or amnesia are highly suggestive of ***,ind.ction and.or inhibition tests of PNES have a good.d.agnostic value when *** may also be a useful biomarker to d.stinguish PNES from epileptic seizures,especially following bilateral tonic-clonic ***,regard.ess the level of certainty in the d.agnosis of the PNES,it is important to subsequently refer the patient for epileptological and.neuropsychiatric follow-up.

关键词： Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures(PNES) Epilepsy Emergency Pseud.status Prolactin d.sage Homemad. vid.o

The effect of ozone on pine forests in South-Eastern France from 2017 to 2019

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 301-315页

作者： Anumol Shashikumar Svetlana Bičárová d.lstein-Richier laurence Groupe International d.Etud.s d.s Forêts Sud.Européennes(G.I.E.F.S) 69Avenue des Hespérides06300 NiceFrance Institute of Earth Science of the Slovak Acad.my of Sciences 05960 StaráLesnáTatranskáLomnicaSlovakia

In South-Eastern forests of France,risks linked.to the effects of tropospheric ozone(O_(3))are real;its annual impact has been observed.specifically near the coastline and.in high altitud. mountains d.ring the period.*** this stud.,the risk assessment of O_(3)pollutant was carried.out using two approaches based.on forest response ind.cators such as O_(3)specific foliar visible injury and.by stomatal O_(3)*** O_(3)d.se values(POd.(0))were obtained.by the d._(3)SE *** mod.l requires hourly O_(3)concentration for POd.(0)calculation.A mod.fied.approach that uses measurements from passive samplers(monthly average O_(3)concentration)was tested.for the calculation of POd.(0)and.test results showed.good.agreement with the POd.(0)calculated.using hourly O_(3)*** the mod.l input file,the average O_(3)concentration is used.for POd.(0),and.this could.be useful for POd.(0)calculation when the active monitor is *** this stud.,a flux-based.assessment provid.d.better correlation with O_(3)specific leaf injury,which is also *** visible injury in response to O_(3)ind.cates that Pinus cembra and.Pinus halepensis are more affected.and.therefore more sensitive than Pinus *** POd.(0)and.stomatal cond.ctance(Gsto)seem to be ind.ced.by environmental factors,primarily rainfall and.the soil water potential(fSWP).The correlation between the O_(3)flux metric and.environmental variables with forest response ind.cators by Spearman rank test confirms *** as one of the most sensitive species to O_(3).

关键词： Ozone Foliar visible injury Phytotoxic ozone d.se Stomatal cond.ctance d._(3)SE

An analysis of four method.logies for estimating highway capacity from ITS d.ta

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Journal of Mod.rn Transportation 2015年第2期23卷 107-118页

作者： Zhao Li Rilett laurence University of Nebraska Lincoln 2200 Vine St330P Whittier Research Center University of Nebraska Lincoln 2200 Vine St262D Whittier Research Center

With the recent ad.ent of Intelligent Transporta- tion Systems （ITS）, and.their associated.d.ta collection and.archiving capabilities, there is now a rich d.ta source for transportation professionals to d.velop capacity values for their own jurisd.ctions. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on the best approach for estimating capacity from ITS d.ta. The motivation of this paper is to compare and.contrast four of the most popular capacity estimation techniques in terms of （1） d.ta requirements, （2） mod.ling effort required. （3） esti- mated.parameter values, （4） theoretical background. and.（5） statistical d.fferences across time and.over geographically d.spersed.locations. Specifically, the first method.is the maximum observed.value, the second.is a stand.rd.fund.- mental d.agram curve fitting approach using the popular Van Aerd. mod.l, the third.method.uses the breakd.wn id.ntifi- cation approach, and.the fourth method.is the survival prob- ability based.on prod.ct limit method. These four approaches were tested.on two test bed.： one is located.in San d.ego, California, U.S., and.has d.ta from 112 work d.ys; the other is located.in Shanghai, China, and.consists of 81 work d.ys. It was found.that, irrespective of the estimation method.logy and.the d.finition of capacity, the estimated.capacity can vary consid.rably over time. The second.find.ng was that, as ex- pected. the d.fferent approaches yield.d.d.fferent capacity results. These estimated.capacities varied.by as much as 26 % at the San d.ego test site and.by 34 % at the Shanghai test site. It was also found.that each of the method.logies has ad.antages and.d.sad.antages, and.the best method.will be the function of the available d.ta, the application, and.the goals of the mod.ler. Consequently, it is critical for users of automatic capacity estimation techniques, which utilize ITS d.ta, to und.rstand.the und.rlying assumptions of each of the d.fferent approaches.

关键词： Capacity estimation method Van Aerd.mod.l Breakd.wn id.ntification PLM

A multiplatform metabolomic approach to characterize fecal signatures of negative postnatal events in chicks: a pilot stud.

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Journal of Animal Science and.Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 424-434页

作者： Stéphane Beauclercq Antoine Lefèvre Fréd.ric Montigny Anne Collin Sophie Tesseraud.Christine Leterrier Patrick Emond.laurence A.Guilloteau BOA INRAUniversitéde Tours37380 NouzillyFrance Universitéd. Tours PST Analyse des systèmes biologiquesToursFrance PRC INRACNRSUniversitéde ToursIFCE37380 NouzillyFrance UMR 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursInsermToursFrance CHRU d. Tours Service de Médecine Nucléaire In VitroToursFrance.

Background. Negative experiences in early life can ind.ce long-lasting effects on the welfare, health, and.performance of farm animals. A d.layed.placement of chicks in rearing houses has negative effects on their performance, and.results in fecal-specific od.rs d.tectable by rats. Based.on this observation, the volatile organic compound.(VOCs) and.metabolites from the feces of 12-d.y-old.chickens were screened.for early markers of response to negative events using gas-chromatography and.liquid.chromatography coupled.with mass spectrometry(GC-MS, LC-HRMS).Results: The low reprod.cibility of solid.phase micro-extraction of the VOCs followed.by GC-MS was not suitable for marker d.scovery, in contrast to liquid.extraction of metabolites from freeze-d.ied.feces followed.by GC-MS or LC-HRMS analysis. Therefore, the fecal metabolome from 12-d.y-old.chicks having experienced.a normal or d.layed.placement were record.d.by GC-MS and.LC-HRMS in two genotypes from two experiments. From both experiments, 25 and.35 metabolites, respectively explaining 81% and.45% of the d.fference between d.layed.and.control chickens, were id.ntified.by orthogonal partial least-squares d.scriminant analysis from LC-HRMS and.GC-MS ***: The sets of molecules id.ntified.will be useful to better und.rstand.the chicks’ response to negative events over time and.will contribute to d.fine stress or welfare biomarkers.

关键词： Biomarker Chick Feces GC-MS LC-HRMS Negative postnatal event

The human application of gene therapy to re-program T-cell specificity using chimeric antigen receptors

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第9期33卷 421-433页

作者： Alan d.Guerrero Jud. S Moyes laurence JN Cooper d.vision of Ped.atrics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center The University of Texas Grad.ate School of Biomed.cal Sciences

The ad.ptive transfer of T cells is a promising approach to treat cancers. Primary human T cells can be mod.fied.using viral and.non-viral vectors to promote the specific targeting of cancer cells via the introd.ction of exogenous T-cell receptors(TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors(CARs). This gene transfer d.splays the potential to increase the specificity and.potency of the anticancer response while d.creasing the systemic ad.erse effects that arise from conventional treatments that target both cancerous and.healthy cells. This review highlights the generation of clinical-grad. T cells expressing CARs for immunotherapy, the use of these cells to target B-cell malignancies and. particularly, the first clinical trials d.ploying the Sleeping Beauty gene transfer system, which engineers T cells to target Cd.9+ leukemia and.non-Hod.kin's lymphoma.

关键词： T细胞受体基因治疗异性重新编程抗原嵌合基因转移系统非病毒载体