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A retrospective analysis of gender among patients admitted to a clinical decision unit at risk for acute coronary syndrome

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第2期14卷 133-137页

作者： Joby Thoppil lauren Kraut Collin Montgomery Wilfrido Castillo Robert Silverman Sanjey Gupta Frederick Davis Department of Emergency Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterTexas 75002USA Department of Emergency Medicine Long Island Jewish Medical CenterQueens NY 11040USA Department of Emergency Medicine South Shore HospitalBay Shore NY 11706USA

INTRODUCTION Chest pain is a common chief complaint and encompasses nearly 5.2% of all patients seen in emergency departments(ED). In the United States, this accounts for approximately six million annual visits.[1-4]The evaluation of patients with chest pain in the ED is a time-consuming and challenging process because the physician must identify those with life-threatening cardiac chest pain, while avoiding unnecessary and costly evaluations of those with non-cardiac chest pain.

关键词： admitted consuming patients

The bone marrow microenvironment as a mediator of chemoresistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 1164-1177页

作者： lauren K.Meyer Michelle L.Hermiston Department of Pediatrics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSF 94158USA

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)is a malignancy of immature lymphoid cells that arises due to clonal expansion of cells that undergo developmental arrest and acquisition of pathogenic *** the introduction of intensive multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimens,survival rates for ALL have improved dramatically over the past several decades,though survival rates for adult ALL continue to lag behind those of pediatric *** to chemotherapy remains a significant obstacle in the treatment of ALL,and chemoresistance due to molecular alterations within ALL cells have been *** addition to these cell-intrinsic factors,the bone marrow microenvironment has more recently been appreciated as a cell-extrinsic mediator of chemoresistance,and it is now known that stromal cells within the bone marrow microenvironment,through direct cell-cell interactions and through the release of lymphoid-acting soluble factors,contribute to ALL pathogenesis and *** review discusses mechanisms of chemoresistance mediated by factors within the bone marrow microenvironment and highlights novel therapeutic strategies that have been investigated to overcome chemoresistance in this context.

关键词： Acute lymphoblastic leukemia chemotherapy chemoresistance bone marrow microenvironment

Mechanisms of temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma-a comprehensive review

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 17-43页

作者： Neha Singh Alexandra Miner lauren Hennis Sandeep Mittal Division of Neurosurgery Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVA 24014USA Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC RoanokeVA 24014USA Carilion Clinic-Neurosurgery RoanokeVA 24014USA

Glioblastoma(GBM)is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and has an exceedingly low median overall survival of only 15 *** standard-of-care for GBM consists of gross total surgical resection followed by radiation with concurrent and adjuvant ***(TMZ)is the first-choice chemotherapeutic agent in GBM;however,the development of resistance to TMZ often becomes the limiting factor in effective *** O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase repair activity and uniquely resistant populations of glioma stem cells are the most well-known contributors to TMZ resistance,many other molecular mechanisms have come to light in recent *** emerging mechanisms include the involvement of other DNA repair systems,aberrant signaling pathways,autophagy,epigenetic modifications,microRNAs,and extracellular vesicle *** review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinically relevant molecular mechanisms and their extensive interconnections to better inform efforts to combat TMZ resistance.

关键词： Glioblastoma temozolomide chemoresistance molecular mechanisms

Variation in individual biomass decreases faster than mean biomass with increasing density of bamboo stands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 981-987页

作者： Guohua Liu Cang Hui Ming Chen lauren SPile GGeoff Wang Fusheng Wang Peijian Shi Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Bamboo Research InstituteNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical SciencesCape Town 7945South Africa USDA Forest Service Sierra National Forest—High Sierra Ranger DistrictPratherCA 93651USA Department Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

The total biomass of a stand is an indicator of stand productivity and is closely related to the density of plants. According to the self-thinning law, mean individual biomass follows a negative power law with plant density. If the variance of individual biomass is constant, we can expect increased stand productivity with increasing plant density. However, Taylor's power law(TPL) that relates the variance and the mean of many biological measures(e.g. bilateral areal differences of a leaf, plant biomass atdifferent times, developmental rates at different temperatures, population densities on different spatial or temporal scales), affects the estimate of stand productivity when it is defined as the total biomass of large plants in a *** the variance of individual biomass decreases faster than mean individual biomass, differences in individual biomass decline with increasing density, leading to more homogeneous timbers of greater economic value. We tested whether TPL in plant biomass holds for different species and whether the variance of individual biomass changes faster than the mean with increasing stand *** height, ground diameter and fresh weight of 50 bamboo species were measured in 50 stands ranging from 1 m by 1 m to 30 m by 30 m to ensure more than 150 bamboos in every stand. We separately examined TPL in height,ground diameter, and weight, and found that TPL holds for all three biological measures, with the relationship strongest for weight. Using analysis of covariance to compare the regression slopes of logarithmic mean and variance against the logarithm of density, we found that the variance in individual biomass declined faster than the mean with increasing density. This suggests that dense planting reduced mean individual biomass but homogenized individual biomass. Thus, there exists a trade-off between effective stand productivity and stand density for optimal forest management. Sparse planting leads to large variation in individual bi

关键词： Bamboo Linear fitting Self-thinning law Taylor's power law Variance

Effect of gynecologic oncologist availability on ovarian cancer mortality

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第2期3卷 71-77页

作者： Sherri L stewart Darryl Cooney Shawn Hirsch lauren Westervelt Thomas B Richards Sun Hee Rim Cheryll C Thomas Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30341 United States Sci Metrika LLC Research Triangle Park North Carolina NC 27703 United States

AIM: To determine the association between the distribution of gynecologic oncologist(GO) and populationbased ovarian cancer death rates. METHODS: Data on ovarian cancer incidence and mortality in the United States was supplemented with United States census data, and analyzed in relation to practicing GOs. GO locations were geocoded to link association between county variables and GO availability. Logistic regression was used to measure areas of high and low ovarian cancer mortality, adjusting for contextual variables. RESULTS: Practicing GOs were unevenly distributed in the United States, with the greatest numbers in metropolitan areas. Ovarian cancer incidence and death rates increased as distance to a practicing GO increased. A relatively small number(153) of counties within 24 miles of a GO had high ovarian cancer death rates compared to 577 counties located 50 or more miles away with high ovarian cancer death rates. Counties located 50 or more miles away from a GO practice had an almost 60% greater odds of high ovarian cancer mortality compared to those with closer practicing GOs(OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.18-2.15). CONCLUSION: The distribution of GOs across the United States appears to be significantly associated with ovarian cancer mortality. Efforts that facilitate outreach of GOs to certain populations may increase geographic access.

关键词： Ovarian cancer Gynecologic oncologists Mortality Access to care

Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode(De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1170-1185页

作者： Yoav Dana Yehudit Garcia Aleksei Kukin lauren Dallachiesa Sterenn Guerrier Nicolas K.Fontaine Dan M.Marom Institute of Applied Physics Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael Nokia Bell Labs 600 Mountain AveNew ProvidenceNJ07974USA

Photonic lantern(PL)spatial multiplexers show great promise for a range of applications,such as future high-capacity mode division multiplexing(MDM)optical communication networks and free-space optical *** enable efficient conversion between multiple single-mode(SM)sources and a multimode(MM)waveguide of the same *** multiplexers operate by facilitating adiabatic transitions between the SM arrayed space and the single MM ***,current fabrication methods are forcing the size of these devices to multi-millimeters,making integration with micro-scale photonic systems quite *** advent of 3D micro and nano printing techniques enables the fabrication of freestanding photonic structures with a high refractive index contrast(photopolymer-air).In this work we present the design,fabrication,and characterization of a 6-mode mixing,375µm long PL that enables the conversion between six single-mode inputs and a single six-mode *** PL was designed using a genetic algorithm based inverse design approach and fabricated directly on a 7-core fiber using a commercial two-photon polymerization-based 3D printer and a *** the waveguides exhibit high index contrast,low insertion loss(−2.6 dB),polarization dependent(−0.2 dB)and mode dependent loss(−4.4 dB)were measured.

关键词： mode enable printing

Three-dimensional light structure of an upland Quercus stand post-tornado disturbance

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 141-153页

作者： Kevin G.Willson lauren E.Cox Justin L.Hart Daniel C.Dey Department of Geography University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Department of Environmental Science Policyand ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Northern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceColumbiaMO 65211USA

Light is the most common limiting factor in forest plant communities,influencing species composition,stand structure,and stand productivity in closed canopy *** vertical light structure is relatively simple under a closed canopy because most light is captured by overstory ***,wind disturbance events create canopy openings from local to landscape scales that increase understory light intensity and vertical light structural *** studied the effects of an EF-1 tornado on horizontal and vertical(***-dimensional)light structure within a Quercus stand to determine how light structure changed with increasing disturbance *** used a two-tiered method to collect photosynthetic photon flux density at 4.67 m and 1.37 m above the forest floor to construct three-dimensional light structure across a canopy disturbance severity gradient to see if light intensity varied with increasing tornado *** indicate that increased canopy disturbance closer to the tornado track increased light penetration and light structure heterogeneity at lower forest *** light intensity correlated with increased sapling density that was more randomly distributed across the plot and had shifted light capture higher in the stand *** penetration through the overstory was most strongly correlated with decreased stem density in the two most important tree species(based on relative dominance and relative density)in the stand,Quercus alba L.(r=-0.31)and Ostrya virginiana(Mill.)***(r=-0.27,p<.01),and indicated that understory light penetration was most affected by these two *** managers are increasingly interested in patterning silvicultural entries on natural disturbances,they must understand residual stand and light structures that occur after natural disturbance *** providing spatial light data that quantifies light structure post-disturbance,managers can use these results to improve planning required for long-term man

关键词： Photosynthetic photon flux density Midstory Blowdown Heterogeneity

From biomimicry to bioelectronics:Smart materials for cardiac tissue engineering

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1253-1267页

作者： Olurotimi A.Bolonduro Breanna M.Duffy Akshita A.Rao lauren D.Black Brian P.Timko Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMassachusetts 02155USA Department of Cell Molecular&Developmental BiologySchool of Graduate Biomedical SciencesTufts UniversityMassachusetts 02111USA

Effective strategies in cardiac tissue engineering require matrices that recapitulate the mechanical,topographic and electrical cues present in the native extracellular *** this review,we discuss recent efforts in materials science and nanotechnology to achieve functional three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds that modulate and monitor cardiac tissue *** consider key design considerations,including choice of biopolymer matrix,cell sources,and delivery methods for eventual *** then discuss how solid-state nanomaterials may be integrated within these systems to provide unique electrical and nanotopographic cues that improve electromechanical *** describe how these approaches may be extended to complex,spatially heterogeneous constructs using 3D bioprinting ***,we describe how scaffold materials may be augmented with bioelectronic components to achieve hybrid myocardium that monitors or controls electrophysiological ***,these approaches provide a framework for achieving cardiac tissues with tunable,rationally-designed *** discuss future prospects and remaining challenges for clinical translation.

关键词： cardiac tissue engineering extracellular matrix nanomaterial bioelectronics cyborg

Transcatheter Device Closure of a Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 193-199页

作者： Catherine E.Tomasulo Lindsay S.Rogers lauren Andrade Michael LO’Byrne Division of Cardiology The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Division of Cardiology Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Leonard Davis Institute and Center for Cardiovascular Outcomes Qualityand Evaluative ResearchUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA

The majority of patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries,also known as transposition of the great arteries{S,L,L}have ventricular septal defects(VSD),most commonly perimembranous VSD(pmVSD).Transcatheter device closure of pmVSD in these patients has not been widely *** present a case of device closure of pmVSD in L-TGA with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder II(ADOII)device using a deployment starting in the subpulmonary left *** case demonstrates some of the technical advantages of the ADOII device for VSD closure,specifically its low profile,symmetric shape,and soft *** characteristics are advantageous in closing conventional pmVSD but are especially useful in patients with challenging anatomic substrates.

关键词： Percutaneous catheterization congenital heart disease thromboembolism