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Applications of artificial intelligence in lung ultrasound:Review of deep learning methods for COVID-19 fighting

Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging 2022年第2期3卷 42-54页

作者： laura de rosa Serena L'Abbate Claudia Kusmic Francesco Faita Institute of Clinical Physiology Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePisa 56124Italy

BACKGROUND The pandemic outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has highlighted the need to combine rapid,non-invasive and widely accessible techniques with the least risk of patient’s cross-infection to achieve a successful early detection and surveillance of the *** this regard,the lung ultrasound(LUS)technique has been proved invaluable in both the differential diagnosis and the follow-up of COVID-19 patients,and its potential may be destined to ***,indeed,LUS has been empowered through the development of automated image processing *** To provide a systematic review of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology in medical LUS analysis of COVID-19 patients using the preferred reporting items of systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PRISMA)*** A literature search was performed for relevant studies published from March 2020-outbreak of the pandemic-to 30 September *** articles were included in the result synthesis of this *** As part of the review,we presented the main characteristics related to AI techniques,in particular deep learning(DL),adopted in the selected articles.A survey was carried out on the type of architectures used,availability of the source code,network weights and open access datasets,use of data augmentation,use of the transfer learning strategy,type of input data and training/test datasets,and *** Finally,this review highlighted the existing challenges,including the lack of large datasets of reliable COVID-19-based LUS images to test the effectiveness of DL methods and the ethical/regulatory issues associated with the adoption of automated systems in real clinical scenarios.

关键词： Lung ultrasound deep learning Neural network COVID-19 pneumonia Medical imaging

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In Vitro Evaluation of Polyurethane-Chitosan Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2012年第4期3卷 440-445页

作者： Imelda Olivas-Armendariz Perla Garcia-Casillas Adriana Martel Estrada Alberto Martinez-Villafane laura A.A.de la rosa Carlos A.Martinez-Perez Institute of Engineering and Technology Autonnomous University of the City of JuarezCiudad JuarezMexico department of Physics of Materials Research Center of Advanced MaterialsChihuahuaMexico Institute of Biomedical Science Autonomous University of the City of JuarezCiudad JuarezMexico

In this work the use of Polyurethane (PU)-Chitosan(CH) scaffolds prepared by thermal induced phase separation (TIPS) for osteoblast proliferation and bone mineralization is described. Primary rat calvaria osteoblasts were seeded in the scaffolds and it was shown that supported cell adhesion and growth. The behavior osteoblast cells growing in the scaffold in function of the different ratio of PU and CH is presented. The results showed that TIPS is an appropriate technique for the production of PU-CH scaffolds with high potential for application as cell scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.

关键词： Biomaterials Composite

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Necrotizing Pneumonia and Conservative Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 69-76页

作者： Pedro Rogerio Magalhães Braga Eduarda Kipper Beck Carolina de Mello Viera Cecília Gatti Wolff laura Gazal Passos Guilherme Bastos de Mello Luis Felipe Pilar Gomes Giacomo Farias Tramontin Taíse rosa de Carvalho department of Internal Medicine Hospital So Lucas da PUCRS Porto Alegre Brazil School of Medicine Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil department of Radiology Hospital So Lucas da PUCRS Porto Alegre Brazil

We present a case of necrotizing pneumonia in an 87-year-old man without severe respiratory instability. Clinical suspicion arose due to the need for supplementary oxygen and persistent fever during treatment for community-acquired pneumonia. The diagnosis was confirmed by chest computed tomography. Although necrotizing pneumonia typically requires major surgical intervention upon diagnosis, we chose conservative management with antimicrobials and chest drainage alone. The patient experienced significant improvement and resolution of pneumonia with conservative management.

关键词： Respiratory Tract Infections Lung Disease Bacterial Pneumonia

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In vitro Metabolomic Approaches to Investigating the Potential Biological Effects of Phenolic Compounds:An Update

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第4期15卷 236-245页

作者： Ursula Catalan laura Barrubes rosa Maria Vails rosa Soila laura Rubio Functional Nutrition Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group(NFOC-Salut)Technological Center of Nutrition and Health(CTNS)lnstitut d'lnvestigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili(IISPV)Faculty of Medicine and ttealth SciencesUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReus 43201Spain Food Technology department Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO CenterLleida 25198Spain

Dietary phenolic compounds （PCs） have been receiving intercst lor their presumcd roles ill disease prevention. However, there is a lack of studies on the underlying molecular mechanisnls. In this regard, in vitro metabolomic approaches are suitable for the investigation o1 the molecular changes in response to PC exposure. Up to date, the biological effects of PCs have only been cxalnined for PCs from rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis）, olive oil, and reSVCl-atrol using cell-based mctabolomic approach, although transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies have also been conducted in the same in vi[ro cell experiment in some cases. Our integral analysis of the reviewed studies suggest that PCs may be involved not only in basic cellular processes or macro-and micro-nutrient meta- bolism, but also in specific metabolic pathways that have been thoroughly investigated. These modulated pathways could have a clinical impact on neurodegenerativc diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolomic approaches provide additional information of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease risk reduction of dietary PCs. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of PCs, more metabolomic cell-based studies are nccdcd and testing the physiological conjugated forms of PCs in these cell systems could be of special interest.

关键词： Cell-based Metabolomics Phenolic compounds Mechanism of action Disease prevention

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Identification of plant genes putatively involved in the perception of fungal ergosterol-squalene^∞

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第7期62卷 927-947页

作者： laura Lindo rosa E.Cardoza Alicia Lorenzana Pedro A.Casquero Santiago Gutiérrez Area of Microbiology University of LeónCampus of PonferradaPonferradaSpain University Group of Research in Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture University of LeónLeónSpain

Trichoderma biocontrol strains establish a complex network of interactions with plants,in which diverse fungal molecules are involved in the recognition of these fungi as nonpathogenic *** molecules act as microbial-associated molecular patterns that trigger plant *** studies have reported the im-portance of ergosterol produced by Trichoderma *** the ability of these fungi to induce plant growth and *** addition,squalene,a sterol biosynthetic inter-mediate,seems to play an important role in these ***,we analyzed the effect of different concentrations of ergosterol and squalene on tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)growth and on the transcription level of defense-and growth-related *** used an RNA-seq strategy to identify several tomato genesencoding predicted pattern recognition receptor proteins or WRKY transcription factors,both of which are puta-tively involved in the perception and response to ergo-sterol and ***,an analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking the genes homologous to these tomato candidates led to the identification of a WRKY40 transcription factor that negatively regulates salicylic acid-related genes and positively regulates ethylene-and jasmonate-related genes in the presence of ergosterol and squalene.

关键词： plant perception pattern

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Genetic variation in eggplant for Nitrogen Use Efficiency under contrasting NO3^- supply

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 487-508页

作者： Antonio Mauceri laura Bassolino Antonio Lupini Franz Badeck Fulvia Rizza Massimo Schiavi laura Toppino Maria rosa Abenavoli Giuseppe L.Rotino Francesco Sunseri Dipartimento Agraria University degli Studi M editerranea di Reggio CalabriaI-89124Reggio CalabriaItaly CREA Centro di ricerca Genomica e Bioinformatica I-26836Montanaso LombardoItaly CREA Centro d i「icerca Genomicae Bioinformatica I-29017Fiorenzuolad’ArdaItaly

Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) yield is highly sensitive to N fertilization, the excessive use of which is responsible for environmental and human health *** N input together with the selection of improved Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency(NUE) genotypes, more able to uptake, utilize, and remobilize N available in soils, can be challenging to maintain high crop yields in a sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to explore the natural variation among eggplant accessions from different origins, in response to Low(LN) and High(HN)Nitrate(NO3^-) supply, to identify NUE-contrasting genotypes and their NUE-related traits, in hydroponic and greenhouse pot experiments. Two eggplants, AM222 and AM22, were identified as N-use efficient and inefficient,respectively, in hydroponic, and these results were confirmed in a pot experiment, when crop yield was also evaluated. Overall, our results indicated the key role of Nutilization component(NUt E) to confer high NUE. The remobilization of N from leaves to fruits may be a strategy to enhance NUt E, suggesting glutamate synthase as a key enzyme. Further, omics technologies will be used for focusing on C-N metabolism interacting networks. The availability of RILs from two other selected NUE-contrasting genotypes will allow us to detect major genes/quantitative trait loci related to NUE.

关键词： fir Efficiency utilize

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Rayleigh waves from correlation of seismic noise in Great Island of Tierra del Fuego,Argentina:Constraints on upper crustal structure

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 2-12页

作者： Carolina Buffoni Martin Schimmel Nora Cristina Sabbione María laura rosa Gerardo Connon Faculty of Astronomical and Geophysical Sciences National University of La PlataPaseo Del Bosque Sin B1900F WAArgentina Institute of Earth SciencesJaume Almera-CSIC Lluis SoléSabarfs S/n Barcelona E-08028Spain Astronomical Station of Rio Grande(EARG) Ruta C y Acceso Aeropuerto9420EARRfo GrandeArgentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET) Av.Rivadavia 1917 C1033AAJAutonomous City of Buenos AiresArgentina

In this study, the ambient seismic noise cross-correlation technique is applied to estimate the upper structure of the crust beneath Great Island of Tierra del Fuego（TdF）, Argentina, by the analysis of shortperiod Rayleigh wave group velocities. The island, situated in the southernmost South America, is a key area of investigation among the interaction between the South American and Scotia plates and is considered as a very seismically active one. Through cross-correlating the vertical components of ambient seismic noise registered at four broadband stations in TdF, we were able to extract Rayleigh waves which were used to estimate group velocities in the period band of 2.5-16 s using a timefrequency analysis. Although ambient noise sources are distributed in homogeneously, robust empirical Green＇s functions could be recovered from the cross-correlation of 12 months of ambient noise, The observed group velocities were inverted considering a non-linear iterative damped least-squares inversion procedure and several 1-D shear wave velocity models of the upper crust were *** to the inversion results, the S-wave velocity ranges between 1.75 and 3,7 km/s in the first10 km of crust, depending on the pair of stations considered. These results are in agreement to the major known surface and sub-surface geological and tectonic features known in the area. This study represents the first ambient seismic noise analysis in TdF in order to constraint the upper crust beneath this *** can also be considered as a successful feasibility study for future analyses with a denser station deployment for a more detailed imaging of structure.

关键词： Ambient seismic noise cross-correlation Rayleigh wave dispersion Upper crust Tierra del Fuego

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The challenge of drug resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma:a current overview

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第4期16卷 688-699页

作者： Francisco Quinonero Cristina Mesas Kevin Doello laura Cabeza Gloria Perazzoli Cristina Jimenez-Luna Ana rosa Rama Consolación Melguizo Jose Prados Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine(IBIMER) Center of Biomedical Research(CIBM)University of Gran adaz Gran ada 18100Spain department of An atomy and Embryology Faculty of Medici neUn iversity of Gran adaGranada 18071Spain Instituto Biosanitario de Granada(ibs.GRANADA) Granada 18014Spain Medical Oncology Service Virgen de las Nieves HospitalGranada 1812Spain department of Oncology Ludwig Institute for Cancer ResearchUniversity of LausanneEpalinges 1066Switzerland department of Health Scienee University of JaenJa6n 23071Spain

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has one of the highest mortality rates among all cancer *** delayed diagnosis precludes curative resection,thus most of the current therapies against PDAC are based on chemo-and ***,these strategies are insufficient to improve its poor *** the advances made in chemotherapy(***-paclitaxel and gemcitabine),many patients with PDAC are unable to benefit from them due to the rapid development of drug ***,more than 165 genes have been found to be implicated in drug resistance of pancreatic tumors,including different integrins,mucins,NF-κB,RAS and ***,drug resistance in PDAC is thought to be mediated by the modulation of miRNAs(***-21,miRNA-145 and miRNA-155),which regulate genes that participate in cell proliferation,invasion and ***,cancer stem cells are intimately related to drug resistance in PDAC due to their ability to overexpress ABC genes-involved in drug transport-,and enzymes such as aldehyde dehydrogenases-implicated in cellular drug metabolism-and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases-involved in drug-induced DNA damage *** the mechanisms involved in drug resistance will contribute to the development of efficient therapeutic strategies and to improve the prognosis of patients with PDAC.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma chemotherapy drug resistance cancer stem cells therapeutic strategies

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Integrin-targeting with peptide-bioconjugated semiconductor-magnetic nanocrystalline heterostructures

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 644-662页

作者： Gianpiero Valente Nicoletta depalo Ivan de Paola rosa Maria lacobazzi Nunzio denora Valentino Laquintana Roberto Comparelli Emiliano Altamura Tiziana Latronico Michele Altomare Elisabetta Fanizza Marinella Striccoli Angela Agostiano Michele Saviano Annarita del Gatto laura Zaccaro Maria Lucia Curri Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Dipartimento di Chimica Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici-CNR UOS Bari Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR Via Mezzocannone 16 80134 - Napoli Italy Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy Universita degli Studi di BariAIdo Moro Dipartimento di Bioscienze Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica Via Orabona 4 70125 - Bari Italy lstituto di Cristallografia-CNR Via Amendola 122/0 70126 Bari Italy

Binary asymmetric nanocrystals （BNCs）, composed of a photoactive TiO2 nanorod joined with a superparamagnetic γ-Fe203 spherical domain, were embedded in polyethylene glycol modified phospholipid micelle and successfully bioconjugated to a suitably designed peptide containing an RGD motif. BNCs represent a relevant multifunctional nanomaterial, owing to the coexistence of two distinct domains in one particle, characterized by high photoactivity and magnetic properties, that is particularly suited for use as a phototherapy and hyperthermia agent as well as a magnetic probe in biological imaging. We selected the RGD motif in order to target integrin expressed on activated endothelial cells and several types of cancer cells. The prepared RGD-peptide/BNC conjugates, comprehensively monitored by using complementary optical and structural techniques, demon- strated a high stability and uniform dispersibility in biological media. The cytotoxicity of the RGD-peptide/BNC conjugates was studied in vitro. The cellular uptake of RGD-peptide conjugates in the cells, assessed by means of two distinct approaches, namely confocal microscopy analysis and emission spectroscopy determination in cell lysates, displayed selectivity of the RGD-peptide-BNC conjugate for the cw]33 integrin. These RGD-peptide-BNC conjugates have a high potential for theranostic treatment of cancer.

关键词： nanocrystallineheterostructures photoactive semiconductor magnetic nanostructure cyclic RGD peptide αvβ3 integrin active targeting

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Energy Security in the European Union

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 379-386页

作者： laura Rodrlguez-Fernandez rosa Maria Fernandez-Martin department of Applied Economics Spanish Open University （UNED） Madrid 28040 Spain

According to the European Commission, the three challenges that Europe must face related to energy are sustainability, security of supply and reaching an effective competitiveness in the internal energy market. To meet these three challenges, the Commission deems necessary to implement a common energy policy. To this end, it proposed an action plan based on the effective creation of an internal energy market, the solidarity between Member States and security of supply for oil, gas and electricity, Therefore energy security is one of the main concerns, and so one of the priorities, of the new European energy policy proposed by the Commission. This paper tries to show that even though energy has been on the basis of what we call today European Union, it has been extremely complicated to get a common energy policy. Bearing this in mind, energy security has been one of the main areas of consensus that has led EU to the mentioned Commission proposal, and we can see now the first steps of the so much wanted common energy policy.

关键词： Energy energy policy European Union energy security security of supply.

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