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A Contemporary Review on Drought Modeling Using Machine Learning Approaches

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 447-487页

作者： Karpagam Sundararajan lalit Garg Kathiravan Srinivasan Ali Kashif Bashir Jayakumar Kaliappan Ganapathy Pattukandan Ganapathy Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj T.Meena School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Department of Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India School of Civil Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

Drought is the least understood natural disaster due to the complex relationship of multiple contributory factors. Itsbeginning and end are hard to gauge, and they can last for months or even for years. India has faced many droughtsin the last few decades. Predicting future droughts is vital for framing drought management plans to sustainnatural resources. The data-driven modelling for forecasting the metrological time series prediction is becomingmore powerful and flexible with computational intelligence techniques. Machine learning (ML) techniques havedemonstrated success in the drought prediction process and are becoming popular to predict the weather, especiallythe minimum temperature using backpropagation algorithms. The favourite ML techniques for weather forecastinginclude support vector machines (SVM), support vector regression, random forest, decision tree, logistic regression,Naive Bayes, linear regression, gradient boosting tree, k-nearest neighbours (KNN), the adaptive neuro-fuzzyinference system, the feed-forward neural networks, Markovian chain, Bayesian network, hidden Markov models,and autoregressive moving averages, evolutionary algorithms, deep learning and many more. This paper presentsa recent review of the literature using ML in drought prediction, the drought indices, dataset, and performancemetrics.

关键词： Drought forecasting machine learning drought indices stochastic models fuzzy logic dynamic method hybrid method

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Virtual Numbers to Represent Entangled Quantum States

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Journal of Quantum Information Science 2014年第1期4卷 18-21页

作者： lalit A. Patel 17892 Linda Drive Yorba Linda California USA

In the existing formalism of quantum states, probability amplitudes of quantum states are complex numbers. A composition of entangled quantum states, such as a Bell state, cannot be decomposed into its constituent quantum states, implying that quantum states lose their identities when they get entangled. This is contrary to the observation that a composition of entangled quantum states decays back to its constituent quantum states. To eliminate this discrepancy, this paper introduces a new type of numbers, called virtual numbers, which produce zero upon multiplication with complex numbers. In the proposed formalism of quantum states, probability amplitudes of quantum states are general numbers made of complex and virtual numbers. A composition of entangled quantum states, such as a Bell state, can then be decomposed into its constituent quantum states, implying that quantum states retain their identities when they get entangled.

关键词： Quantum Mechanics Probability Amplitude Complex Number Entanglement Bell State

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On З-Reconstruction Property

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2013年第3期3卷 324-330页

作者： lalit Kumar Vashisht Geetika Khattar Department of Mathematics University of Delhi Delhi India

Reconstruction property in Banach spaces introduced and studied by Casazza and Christensen in [1]. In this paper we introduce reconstruction property in Banach spaces which satisfy -property. A characterization of reconstruction property in Banach spaces which satisfy -property in terms of frames in Banach spaces is obtained. Banach frames associated with reconstruction property are discussed.

关键词： Frames Banach Frames Retro Banach Frames Reconstruction Property

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Copper-cysteamine nanoparticle-mediated microwave dynamic therapy improves cancer treatment with induction of ferroptosis

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 322-330页

作者： Hui Zhou Zhongtao Liu Zijian Zhang Nil Kanatha Pandey Eric Amador William Nguyen lalit Chudal Li Xiong Wei Chen Yu Wen Department of General Surgery Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China Department of Physics The University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX76019-0059USA

Photodynamic Therapy(PDT)holds a great promise for cancer patients,however,due to the hypoxic characteristics of most solid tumors and the limited penetration depth of light in tissues,the extensive clinical application of PDT is ***,we report microwave induced copper-cysteamine(Cu-Cy)nanoparticles-based PDT as a promising cancer treatment to overcome cancer resistance in combination with *** treatment efficiency of Cu-Cy-mediated microwave dynamic therapy(MWDT)tested on HCT15 colorectal cancer(CRC)cells via cell titer-blue cell viability assay and live/dead assay reveal that Cu-Cy upon MW irradiation can effectively destroy HCT15 CRC cells with average IC-50 values of 20μg/*** cytotoxicity of Cu-Cy to tumor cells after MW stimulation can be alleviated by ferroptosis ***,Cu-Cy mediated MWDT could deplete glutathione peroxide 4(GPX4)and enhance lipid peroxides(LPO)and malondialdehyde(MDA).Our findings demonstrate that MW-activated Cu-Cy killed CRC cells by inducing *** superior in vivo antitumor efficacy of the Cu-Cy was corroborated by a HCT15 tumor-bearing mice *** experiments showed that the GPX4 expression level in Cu-Cy+MW group was significantly lower than that in other ***,these findings demonstrate that Cu-Cy nanoparticles have a safe and promising clinical application prospect in MWDT for deep-seated tumors and effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation by inducing ferroptosis,which provides a potential solution for cancer resistance.

关键词： Cu-Cy Microwave PDT Cell death Colorectal cancer Ferroptosis

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Field evaluation of selected light sources for roadway lighting

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第5期5卷 372-385页

作者： Yi Jiang Shuo Li Bowen Guan Guangyuan Zhao Dave Boruff lalit Garg Prakash Patel Department of Building Construction Management Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Division of Research and Development Indiana Department of Transportation West Lafayette IN 47906 USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China Indiana Department of Transportation Indianapolis IN 46204 USA

The development of new lighting sources, such as light emitting diode （LED）, induction, and plasma, presented more possible cost effective ways for roadway lighting. A study was therefore conducted for the Indiana Department of Transportation （INDOT} to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of some selected new lighting devices in roadway lighting. This paper describes the field evaluation process and presents the evaluation results. A number of LEDs, plasma and induction luminaires from various manufacturers were selected to replace the existing high pressure sodium （HPS） lamps in conventional and high mast lightings, llluminance values were measured over a period of 12 months on the existing and new light sources. Light performance metrics, including illuminance level and uniformity ratios, were calculated to make quantitative comparisons of the HPS and new types of light devices. Based on the evaluation in terms of lighting performance and life cycle costs, it was concluded that LED luminaires should be utilized in roadway lighting in place of HPS luminaires. The results of this study will be useful to state highway and city street agencies in making decisions on their lighting policies and developing technical specifications for use of the new lighting technologies in roadway and street lightings. The study provides a basis for manufacturers to improve their luminaire design and integration to better fit the needs of roadway and street lightings.

关键词： Roadway lighting Luminaires Illuminance Field tests LEDHPS

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Biodiesel production from microbial lipid obtained by intermittent feeding of municipal sludge and treated crude glycerol

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第3期1卷 344-355页

作者： lalit R.Kumar Sravan K.Yellapu R.D.Tyagi Patrick Drogui INRS-ETE Universite du QuebecQuebec G1K 9A9Canada School of Technology Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina BOSK BIOPRODUCTS 100-399 rue JacquardQuebec G1N 4J6Canada

In the present study,municipal secondary sludge and purified glycerol(obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol)were used together for lipid production using intermittent feeding *** sludge feeding strategy(sludge SS 30 g/L)resulted in a higher biomass(54.99 g/L)and lipid concentration(25.35 g/L)at 96 h when compared to 35 g/L SS single sludge feeding or control strategy(45.67 g/L biomass&19.16 g/L lipid).Moreover,the intermittent sludge feeding strategy significantly reduced foaming and requirement of anti-foam during fermentation when compared to control *** energy balance of biodiesel production from lipid obtained by intermittent sludge feeding strategy(30 g/L SS)was energeti-cally *** was also revealed from yield coefficients and energy balance that sludge had an important contribution in microbial lipid and biodiesel production.

关键词： Intermittent feeding Municipal Sludge Purified glycerol Microbial lipid Biodiesel

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Are there Monthly Variations in Water Quality in the Amman, Zarqa and Balqa Regions, Jordan?

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2013年第2期2卷 26-35页

作者： Khaled A. Alqadi lalit Kumar Ecosystem Management School of Environmental and Rural Science Faculty of Arts and Sciences University of New England Armidale NSW 2351 Australia

This study investigated the monthly variation of water quality in the Amman-Zarqa and Balqa regions in Jordan in terms of pH, ammonium, nitrate and conductivity. During 2004 there was no monthly variation in water quality for most of the tested parameters. All readings were above the accepted range except for pH, indicating that land use does have an impact on water quality irrespective of urban, industrial or agricultural usage. The water quality remained for the most part below the maximum levels for drinking standards in Jordan, but these standards are often below the WHO recommendations. The pH was found to fluctuate through the year. Nitrate levels were highly seasonal in irrigated lands but remained stable over basin covered by other land uses. Ammonium levels were high in areas of urbanisation and intensive animal husbandry as a consequence of effluent infiltration, peaking during the wet season due to increased infiltration. These results indicate that, over an annual cycle, the variation in water quality remains constant;however the continued drawdown of the aquifer system will inevitably lead to deterioration in the parameters investigated.

关键词： Water Quality pH Ammonium Conductivity Nitrate

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Hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of waldenstorm associated with sjogren’s syndrome in a young female responding to rituximab treatment

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2013年第2期2卷 129-130页

作者： Neeraj Jain lalit Duggal Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology Sir Ganga Ram Hospital New Delhi India

Hypergammaglobulinemic Purpura of Waldenstorm is one of the uncommon conditions with purpura and is often associated with collagen vascular disease. It is difficult to treat and sometimes needs anti CD 20 molecules fo... 详细信息

关键词： Hypergammaglobulinemic Purpura of Waldenstorm Sjogren’s Syndrome Rituximab

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Optimization of trace elements in purified glycerol for microbial lipid and citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica SKY7

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第1期1卷 76-89页

作者： lalit R.Kumar Sravan K.Yellapu R.D.Tyagi Patrick Drogui INRS-ETE 490Rue de la CouronneQuebecQC G1K 9A9Canada

Purified glycerol obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol solution was used as the carbon source for lipid and citric acid production using *** *** purified glycerol was high in phosphorus,it was important to inves-tigate the impact of fortification of trace elements in the medium on cell growth,lipid and citric acid(CA)*** all the trace elements(including phosphates and sulfates)required for growth and lipid production were added to the purified glycerol medium,high biomass(51.67 g/L)and lipid concentration(19.47 g/L)were observed at 96 h of fed-batch fermentation with low CA concentration of 5.42 g/*** purified glycerol medium without additional trace elements gave low biomass(27.67 g/L),lipid concentration(9.35 g/L)at 80 h of fed-batch fermentation,but gave high CA concentration(24.51 g/L).When purified glycerol was provided with only sulfates or all elements except KH_(2)PO_(4),low biomass(32.59 g/L and 38.52 g/L)and citric acid concentration(1 g/L and 2.42 g/L)were obtained at 96 h.

关键词： Yarrowia lipolytica SKY7 Purified glycerol Trace elements Microbial lipid Citric acid

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An Efficient Sound and Data Steganography Based Secure Authentication System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 723-751页

作者： Debajit Datta lalit Garg Kathiravan Srinivasan Atsushi Inoue G.Thippa Reddy M.Praveen Kumar Reddy K.Ramesh Nidal Nasser School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Department of Information Systems&Business Analytics Eastern Washington UniversitySpokaneWA99202USA Department of Computer Science Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women’s UniversityVijayapuraIndia College of Engineering Alfaisal UniversityRiyadh1153Saudi Arabia

The prodigious advancements in contemporary technologies have also brought in the situation of unprecedented ***,the pin-based security system is an inadequate mechanism for handling such a *** reason is that hackers use multiple strategies for evading security systems and thereby gaining access to private *** research proposes to deploy diverse approaches for authenticating and securing a connection amongst two devices/gadgets via sound,thereby disregarding the pins’manual ***,the results demonstrate that the proposed approaches outperform conventional pin-based authentication or QR authentication ***,a random signal is encrypted,and then it is transformed into a wave file,after which it gets transmitted in a short burst via the device’s ***,the other device/gadget captures these audio bursts through its microphone and decrypts the audio signal for getting the essential data for ***,this model requires two devices/gadgets with speakers and a microphone,and no extra hardware such as a camera,for reading the QR code is *** first module is tested with realtime data and generates high scores for the widely accepted accuracy metrics,including precision,Recall,F1 score,entropy,and mutual information(MI).Additionally,this work also proposes a module helps in a secured transmission of sensitive data by encrypting it over images and other *** steganographic module includes two-stage encryption with two different encryption algorithms to transmit data by embedding inside a *** encryption algorithms and their combinations are taken for this system to compare the resultant file *** these systems engender high accuracies and provide secure connectivity,leading to a sustainable communication ecosystem.

关键词： Cyber-attacks signals privacy security organization encryption decryption authentication effective communication steganography

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