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Epidemiology of liver diseases:global disease burden and forecasted research trends

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Science China(life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 541-557页

作者： Jia Xiao Fei Wang Yuan Yuan Jinhang Gao Lu Xiao Chao Yan Feifei Guo Jiajun Zhong Zhaodi Che Wei li Tian Lan Frank Tacke Vijay H.Shah cui li Hua Wang Erdan Dong Department of Gastroenterology Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 510630China Division of Gastroenterology Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Biological Sciences Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 519070China Aier Institute of Ophthalmology Central South UniversityChangsha 410015China Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Clinical Medicine Research Institute and Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Toho UniversityChiba Tokyo 143-8540Japan Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteBerlin 13353Germany Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochester MN 55905USA Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Research Center forCardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Universityof Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital)Schoolof Health andLifeSciencesUniversityof Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

We assessed the global incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)associated with various liver diseases,including alcohol-related liver disease(ALD),hepatitis B/C virus infections(HBV or HCV),liver cancer,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),and other chronic liver diseases,from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease ***,we analyzed the global trends in hepatology research and drug *** 2000 to 2019,prevalence rates increased for ALD,MASLD and other liver diseases,while they decreased for HBV,HCV,and liver *** with a high socio-demographic index(SDI)exhibited the lowest mortality rates and *** burden of liver diseases varied due to factors like sex and *** nine representative countries,MASLD,along with hepatobiliary cancer,showed highest increase in funding in hepatology ***,the major research categories in hepatology papers from 2000 to 2019 were cancer,pathobiology,and *** United States(U.S.)was at the forefront of hepatology research,with China gradually increasing its influence over *** worldwide are increasingly focusing on studying the communication between the liver and other organs,while underestimating the research on ***,HCV,and MASLD were the primary diseases targeted for therapeutic development in clinical ***,the proportion of new drugs approved for the treatment of liver diseases was relatively low among all newly approved drugs in the U.S.,China,Japan,and the European ***,there were no approved drug for the treatment of ALD in the world.

关键词： liver disease disease burden GBD estimate research trend drug development

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西兰花苗中萝卜硫素合成的调控手段研究进展

食品科学 2025年第1期46卷 210-217页

作者：李翠方胜赵忠良刘海杰中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院北京100083 江苏新希望生态科技有限公司江苏徐州221150

萝卜硫素(sulforaphane,SFN)具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、减轻肥胖等多种生物学活性,在西兰花苗中含量最高,使西兰花苗在保健食品和药品开发方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文首先综述SFN在西兰花苗中的合成及降解过程,重点讨论在西兰花苗生... 详细信息

萝卜硫素(sulforaphane,SFN)具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、减轻肥胖等多种生物学活性,在西兰花苗中含量最高,使西兰花苗在保健食品和药品开发方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文首先综述SFN在西兰花苗中的合成及降解过程,重点讨论在西兰花苗生长阶段采用不同处理手段对SFN及其合成相关因子含量的影响,并对其作用机理进行总结分析,最后提出目前还存在的问题及对未来研究方向的展望,为提高植物源食品功能性的相关研究提供一定参考。

关键词：西兰花苗硫代葡萄糖苷萝卜硫素生成机理调控

基于脂肪酶固定化的棉织物易去油污整理及其应用

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纺织学报 2025年第1期46卷 130-137页

作者：巢探宇叶韵李娜廖思含马琪凯崔莉江南大学纺织科学与工程学院江苏无锡214122

为进一步提升脂肪酶的稳定性、重复使用率及其在棉织物表面的去油污性能,以棉织物为载体固定游离脂肪酶。首先,采用高碘酸钠(NaIO_(4))预处理棉织物,使棉织物表面的羟基氧化形成醛基,其次通过席夫碱反应在预处理棉织物表面对游离脂肪酶... 详细信息

为进一步提升脂肪酶的稳定性、重复使用率及其在棉织物表面的去油污性能,以棉织物为载体固定游离脂肪酶。首先,采用高碘酸钠(NaIO_(4))预处理棉织物,使棉织物表面的羟基氧化形成醛基,其次通过席夫碱反应在预处理棉织物表面对游离脂肪酶进行固定化,并探究脂肪酶的固定化条件、固定化脂肪酶的酶学性质、应用稳定性及其对棉织物的去油污性能。结果表明:棉织物氧化预处理的适宜条件为NaIO_(4)浓度0.20 mol/L,氧化时间2 h;脂肪酶固定化的适宜条件为脂肪酶质量浓度15 g/L,反应时间12 h,pH值5.0,反应温度4℃,所得的固定化脂肪酶的最高酶活力为35 U/g棉织物;与游离脂肪酶相比,固定化脂肪酶的最适温度无明显差异,均为50℃,但固定化后,脂肪酶的温度稳定性、pH值稳定性以及储存稳定性均得到了一定程度的提高;固定化脂肪酶具有较好的重复使用性,并使棉织物具有良好的去油污性能。

关键词：脂肪酶固定化棉织物去油污酶稳定性酶活力易去污整理

Classification and progress of extraction technologies for nonferrous metal resources

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期 458-474页

作者： Fangqin Cheng Na Zhou Nazeer Muhammad Nouman li cui Caixia Yin Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Coal Waste ResourcesShanxi University Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University

In recent years, the demand for strategic metal resources, essential for scientific and technological progress and industrial development, has multiplied. Ensuring a stable supply of these metals is critical to national security and the well-being of the population. As global industrialization accelerates, the daily demand for nonferrous metals continues to rise. Consequently,extracting and recovering strategic metals from low-grade raw materials, such as solid waste, has become crucial for maintaining their supply and economic development. However, the extraction process is fraught with challenges, including mineral phase stability and complex composition. This review focuses on key strategic metals such as lithium, aluminum, gallium, and vanadium. It introduces and examines various methods for extracting nonferrous metals from different raw materials, including traditional mining technologies applied to low-grade solid wastes. It also outlines future development opportunities and challenges in this field.

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SWVFS： a saliency weighted visual feature similarity metric for image quality assessment

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第1期8卷 145-155页

作者： li cui School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China

In this paper, a saliency weighted visual feature similarity （SWVFS） metric is proposed for full reference im- age quality assessment （IQA）. Instead of traditional spatial pooling strategies, a visual saliency-based approach is em- ployed for better compliance with properties of the human visual system, where the saliency allocation is closely related to the activity of posterior parietal cortex and the pluvial nu- clei of the thalamus. Assuming that the saliency map actually represents the contribution of locally computed visual distor- tions to the overall image quality, the gradient similarity and the textural congruency are merged into the final image qual- ity indicator. The gradient and texture comparison play com- plementary roles in characterizing the local image distortion. Extensive experiments conducted on seven publicly available image databases show that the performance of SWVFS is competitive with the state-of-the-art IQA algorithms.

关键词： image quality assessment gradient texture vi-sual saliency

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高校化学实验教学存在的问题及改进策略

教育理论与实践 2025年第6期45卷 53-56页

作者：彭皓崔莉郝俊生山西大学化学化工学院山西太原030006 山西大学资源与环境工程研究所山西太原030006

高校化学实验是环境科学与工程、生命科学、功能材料等专业的必修课,在人才培养中起着不可替代的作用。目前,高校化学实验教学存在的问题是:化学实验教学理念较为固化、化学实验教学内容缺少创新、化学实验教学方法比较单一、学生动手... 详细信息

高校化学实验是环境科学与工程、生命科学、功能材料等专业的必修课,在人才培养中起着不可替代的作用。目前,高校化学实验教学存在的问题是:化学实验教学理念较为固化、化学实验教学内容缺少创新、化学实验教学方法比较单一、学生动手能力有待加强、学生环保意识重视不够、化学实验教学评价方式相对简单。高校化学实验教学改进策略可以是:革新化学实验教学理念、丰富化学实验教学内容、创新化学实验教学方法、加强学生实验操作、推进化学实验“绿色化”教学、优化化学实验评价体系。

关键词：高校化学实验教学教学理念教学内容教学方法环保意识评价体系

面向现场工程师培养的中国特色高层次学徒制构建

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成人教育 2025年第1期45卷 72-79页

作者：雷前虎崔莉萍路宝利河北科技工程职业技术大学党政办公室邢台054035 安徽师范大学教育科学学院芜湖241000

中国特色高层次学徒制作为现场工程师培养的主要形式,影响并决定着现场工程师的培养成效。然而,当前学界对于现场工程师的研究多集中于对其内涵的诠解,相对忽视了高层次学徒制这一主要培养形式。究其原因,主要源于中国特色高层次学徒制... 详细信息

中国特色高层次学徒制作为现场工程师培养的主要形式,影响并决定着现场工程师的培养成效。然而,当前学界对于现场工程师的研究多集中于对其内涵的诠解,相对忽视了高层次学徒制这一主要培养形式。究其原因,主要源于中国特色高层次学徒制研究尚处于起步阶段,很多疑惑尚需进行深入讨论。随着教育本位转移、社会转型、技术迭代,学徒制的教育组织形态、教育内容、教育方式不断发生变革,为构建中国特色学徒制提供了理论依据。同时,国内外高层次学徒制探索也不断推动学徒制教育由现代学徒制向高层次学徒制迈进,为构建中国特色学徒制提供了实践基础。构建中国特色高层次学徒制,亟须从教育制度、培养模式、教学方式等维度对其本质内涵进行阐释,加强顶层制度内涵设计,营造良好的外部运行环境,进一步提高现场工程师培养质量。

关键词：现场工程师中国特色学徒制高层次学徒制人工智能高等教育

UPF based autonomous navigation scheme for deep space probe

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第3期19卷 529-536页

作者： li Peng cui Hutao cui Pingyuan Deep Space Exploration Research Center Harbin Inst. of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China

The autonomous "celestial navigation scheme" for deep space probe departing from the earth and the autonomous "optical navigation scheme" for encountering object celestial body are presented. Then, aiming at the conditions that large initial estimation errors and non-Gaussian distribution of state or measurement errors may exist in orbit determination process of the two phases, UPF (unscented particle filter) is introduced into the navigation schemes. By tackling nonlinear and non-Gaussian problems, UPF overcomes the accuracy influence brought by the traditional EKF (extended Kalman filter), UKF (unscented Kalman filter), and PF (particle filter) schemes in approximate treatment to nonlinear and non-Gaussian state model and measurement model. The numerical simulations demonstrate the feasibility and higher accuracy of the UPF navigation scheme.

关键词： control and navigation technology of aircraft nonlinear and non-Gaussian unscented particle filter autonomous orbit determination celestial navigation optical navigation.

不同剂量右美托咪定联合尼卡地平全麻在伴高血压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用观察

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四川生理科学杂志 2025年第2期47卷 307-309,405页

作者：李翠玲上饶市广信区第二人民医院麻醉科江西上饶334100

目的:探讨不同剂量右美托咪定(Dexmedetomidine,DEX)联合尼卡地平全麻在伴高血压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中的应用效果。方法:选取60例于2019年1月至2024年6月在本院行DEX联合尼卡地平全麻的伴高血压LC... 详细信息

目的:探讨不同剂量右美托咪定(Dexmedetomidine,DEX)联合尼卡地平全麻在伴高血压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中的应用效果。方法:选取60例于2019年1月至2024年6月在本院行DEX联合尼卡地平全麻的伴高血压LC患者为研究对象,按奇偶数法分为低剂量组及高剂量组(均n=30)。所有患者均行DEX联合尼卡地平全身麻醉,低剂量组及高剂量组分别泵入0.5、1.0μg·(kg·h)^(-1)DEX直至手术结束。对比各组麻醉指标;给药前(T1)、给药后即刻(T2)、拔管后即刻(T3)、拔管后5 min(T4)时患者平均动脉压(Mean arterial pressure,MAP)及心率(Heart rate,HR);术后12 h及24 h简易精神状态量表评分(Mini mental status exam,MMSE)及不良反应发生率。结果:两组苏醒时间、苏醒后即刻视觉模拟评分(Visual analog scale,VAS)无统计学差异(P>0.05);高剂量组拔管时间长于低剂量组(P0.05)。结论:将0.5μg·(kg·h)^(-1)DEX联合尼卡地平全麻应用于伴高血压LC患者具有良好镇痛效果,能够加快患者拔管,有效维持血压稳定,有利于患者术后认知功能恢复且具有一定的安全性,值得临床应用。

关键词：右美托咪定尼卡地平高血压腹腔镜胆囊切除术