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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2011年第4期1卷 148-157页

作者： Somannagari Shylaja kola ramesh Pochampally Giridhar Reddy Kamatala Chinna Rajanna Pondichery Kuppuswamy Saiprakash 不详

Oxidation of Xanthine alkaloid have been studied with various one and two electron oxidizing agents using PEGs and micelle forming surfactants. The reaction is too sluggish in solution phase, but moderately fast in presence of PEGs and micelles. However, the reactions are dramatically enhanced under microwave irradiations. Present protocol has several advantages, such as solvent-free conditions, during work-up, fast reaction times, high yields, eco-friendly operational and experimental simplicity, readily available additives as catalysts.

关键词： Oxidation Xanthine Alkaloids One And Two Electron Oxidizing Agents Poly Ethylene Glycols (PEG) Micelle Forming Surfactants Catalysts Microwave Irradiations

Poly Ethylene Glycols as Efficient Media for the Synthesis of β-Nitro Styrenes from α, β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids and Metal Nitrates under Conventional and Non-Conventional Conditions

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2011年第4期1卷 132-148页

作者： Kamatala Chinna Rajanna kola ramesh Soma Ramgopal Somannagari Shylaja Pochampally Giridhar Reddy Pondichery Kuppuswamy Saiprakash 不详

Poly ethylene glycols (PEG-200, 400, 600, 4000 and 6000) supported reactions were conducted with certain α, β-unsaturated acids in presence of metal nitrates under solvent free (solid state) and mineral acid free conditions. The reactants were ground in a mortar with a pestle for about 30 minutes. The aromatic acids underwent nitro decarboxylation and afforded β-nitro styrene derivatives in very good yield while α, β-unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids gave corresponding nitro derivatives. Addition of PEG accelerated rate of the reaction enormously. Reaction times substantially decreased from several hours to few minutes followed by highly significant increase in the product yield. Among the several PEGs PEG-300 has been found to be much more effective than other PEGs.

关键词： Poly Ethylene Glycols (PEG) Rate Accelerations α β-Unsaturated Acids Metal Nitrates Solvent Free (Solid State) β-Nitro Styrene Derivatives β-Unsaturated Aliphatic Acids Nitro Derivatives

Mapping and Floristic Diversity of the Nakpadjouak Community Forest, Tami Canton, Togo (West Africa)

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Natural Resources 2024年第4期15卷 83-105页

作者： Senyo Kossi Ehlui Christian Anthony-Krueger Edinam kola Wouyo Atakpama Alagie Bah Henrik von Wehrden Tchaa Boukpessi West Africa Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use WASCAL University of the Gambia Banjul Gambia Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Socié t&#233s Department of Geography University of Lom&#233 Lome Togo Department of Science Education University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Laboratoire de Botanique et É cologie V&#233g&#233tale D&#233partement botanique Facult&#233 des sciences Universit&#233 de Lom&#233 Lome Togo West Africa Plant Red List Authority (WAPRLA) IUCN Species Survival Commission Gland Switzerland Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Faculty of Sustainability Center of Methods Leuphana University of L&#252neburg L&#252neburg Germany Laboratoire de Recherches Biogé ographiques et d&#8217Etudes Environnementales Department of Geography University of Lome Lome Togo

Since 2015, community forests have been promoted in Togo as an alternative to protect areas from degradation and as a means of contributing to forest landscape restoration. The study focuses on the Nakpadjouak Community Forest (NCF) in Tami (Togo, West Africa) which contributes to community forests sustainable management. It aims in (i) mapping forest ecosystems and analysing their dynamic and (ii) characterizing the floristic diversity of the NCF. The ecosystems were mapped and their dynamic was evaluated based on Google Earth images of 2014 and 2020. Floristic and forestry inventories were carried out using the transect technique in a sample of 20 plots of 50 m × 20 m. The NCF was made up mainly by wooded/shrub savannahs (95.37%) and croplands/fallow (4.63%) in 2014. These two land use types undergone changes over the 6 years prior to 2020. By 2020, the NCF had 3 land use types: wooded/shrub savannahs (77.59%), open forest/wooded savannahs (22.23%), and croplands/fallows (0.18%). A total of 89 plant species belonging to 70 genera and 28 families were recorded within the NCF. The dominant species are: Heteropogon contortus (L.) ***. and Combretum collinum Fresen. followed by Pteleopsissuberosa Engl. & Diels, Annona senegalensis Pers. The most common species are: Lannea acida ***. s.l., A. senegalensis, Vitellaria paradoxa *** subsp. paradoxa, C. collinum and Acacia dudgeonii Craib ex Holland. Due to its small area of just 40 hectares and its diverse plant life, this community forest of Savannahs Region is a significant biodiversity hotspot and warrants conservation efforts.

关键词： Community Forest Floristic Diversity Land Use Change Biodiversity Hotspot Tami Savannah Region Togo

Anthropogenic Threats to Degraded Forest Land in the Savannahs’ Region of Togo from 1984 to 2020, West Africa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 164-179页

作者： Kossi Senyo Ehlui Wouyo Atakpama Henrik von Wehrden Alagie Bah Edinam kola Christian Anthony-Krueger Hodabalo Egbelou Kokouvi Bruno Kokou Tchaa Boukpessi West Africa Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) University of the Gambia Banjul Gambia Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Sociétés Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Botanique et écologie Végétale Département Botanique Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo West Africa Plant Red List Authority (WAPRLA) IUCN Species Survival Commission Gland Switzerland Faculty of Sustainability Center of Methods Leuphana University of Lüneburg Lüneburg Germany Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Sociétés (LARDYMES) Department of Geography FSHS University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Science Education University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Institut Togolais de Recherches Agronomiques (ITRA) Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Recherches Biogéographiques et d’Etudes Environnementales Department of Geography University of Lome Lome Togo

This study focuses on the landscape dynamics of the savannahs’ region in the far north of Togo. Based on a literature review and satellite images analysis using GIS and remote sensing, the study aims to ascertain the effects of anthropogenic threats on the forest coverage of the Savannahs’ Region between 1984 to 2020. The objective is to clarify the dynamics of land use in the region from 1984 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2020. The findings indicate a significant decline in forest coverage within the region from 1984 to 2020, a trend attributed to land use patterns. Dry forests in the Savannah region are largely converted to farmlands, housing, dry savannahs or agroforestry parks, leading to a steady reduction in forest areas.

关键词： Forest Degradation Land Use Land Cover Savannahs Region Togo

Fournier gangrene in an infant, complicated with severe sepsis and liver dysfunction: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第30期11卷 7398-7402页

作者： Ilirjana Bakalli Saimir Heta Ermira kola Ermela Celaj Department of Pediatrics UHC“Mother Theresa”Tirana 1024Albania Department of Pediatric Surgery UHC“Mother Theresa”Tirana 1024Albania

BACKGROUND Fournier gangrene is a rare,life-threatening infection characterized by necrotizing fasciitis in the perineal,genital and/or lower abdominal *** its rarity,the unfavorable prognosis associated with this disease is dependent on the timing of medical *** SUMMARY A 3-month-old boy was admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit in critical condition after a 5-day history of fever and scrotal erythema with breaching skin lesions and *** ambulatory antibiotic treatment,the child’s clinical condition *** the time of admission,the child had necrotizing scrotal fasciitis that had spread to the *** reanimation,the surgeon decided on an immediate intervention to rule out testicular torsion and to debride the affected *** optimal antibiotic and supportive therapy,the patient developed severe sepsis with liver dysfunction,making treatment more *** Recognizing Fournier gangrene,prompt referral to pediatric surgery,and appropriate antibiotic coverage are critical for avoiding sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction.

关键词： Fournier gangrene Infant Early diagnosis Sepsis Liver dysfunction Case report

Mesalamine treatment mimicking relapse in a child with ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 371-373页

作者： Iva Hojsak Ana M Pavić Sanja kolaček Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Children's Hospital ZagrebZagrebCroatia University of Zagreb Medical School ZagrebCroatia

Background:There are reports on mesalamine-induced bloody diarrhea mimicking ulcerative colitis(UC)relapse,mostly in ***:Herein we present a case of a child with UC who developed relapse of hemorrhagic colitis related to ***:A 10-year-old girl developed severe symptoms mimicking UC relapse 3 weeks after introduction of mesalamine *** mesalamine was withdrawn,her symptoms improved,but deteriorated again during the challenge of mesalamine despite concomitant use of ***:This is the fi rst case report on such a young child during the concomitant use of corticosteroids.

关键词： 5-aminosalicylic acid mesalamine ulcerative colitis

Diversity of foliar endophytes in wind-fallen Picea abies trees

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 69-77页

作者： Ondřej Koukol Miroslav kolařík Zuzana Kolářová Petr Baldrian Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueBenátská212801 Prague 2Czech Republic Laboratory of Genetics Physiology and Bioengineering of FungiInstitute of Microbiology of the ASCRv.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the ASCRv.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic

The unmanaged Norway spruce montane forests in the Bohemian Forest National Park(Czech Republic)suffered from repeated large-scale bark beetle outbreaks in last *** this study,the diversity of culturable foliar endophyte microfungi in needles originating from eleven recently wind-fallen trees in this area was *** aims were to describe their diversity and to determine the relative host and organ specificities of isolated endophyte species to estimate the species pool and abundance of foliar endophytes before the forest *** were isolated from surface-sterilized needles,and the outgrowing strains were identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics(analyses of ITS1,ITS2 and partial 28S rDNA).Fungal communities in the needles were diverse,with ascomycetes(mostly anamorphs of Helotiales)dominating *** most frequent species(Phacidiopycnis sp.,Cistella acuum,Sirococcus *** two species of Chalara)did not correspond with those recorded in previous studies of Picea *** example,the widely distributed Lophodermium piceae was rarely recorded in this *** pattern may be caused by different methods of sterilization and cultivation or by physiological characteristics of the needles,or it may reflect the species distribution in the studied *** of the Helotiales,along with sequences from GenBank,showed substantial overlap in host affinities,most prominently between Pinus and Picea,and also among species from distant plant lineages.

关键词： Morphospecies ITS rDNA Culturable microfungi Phacidiopycnis Host affinity

Comparison of brimonidine-timolol and dorzolamidetimolol in the management of intraocular pressure increase after phacoemulsification

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第5期8卷 945-949页

作者： Adem Turk Osman Melih Ceylan Gokcen Gokce Mehmet Borazan Mehmet kola Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineKaradeniz Technical University Department of Ophthalmology Medical Park Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Kayseri Military Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineMevlana University

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of brimonidine/timolol fixed combination(BTFC) and dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination(DTFC) in the management of short-term intraocular pressure(IOP) increase after phacoemulsification surgery.·METHODS: Eighty eyes of 80 patients undergoing phacoemulsification and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation were randomly assigned into three *** 1 consisted of 28 eyes and represented the control group. Group 2 consisted of 25 eyes undergoing phacoemulsification surgery and BTFC was instilled at the end of surgery. Group 3 consisted of 27 eyes undergoing phacoemulsification surgery and DTFC was instilled at the end of surgery. IOP was measured preoperatively and 6, 24 h and 1wk postoperatively.·RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative baseline IOP among the three groups(P =0.84). However, IOP was significantly lower in groups 2 and 3 compared to the control group(P 25 mm Hg at 6h after surgery(P =0.008). However, IOP decreased and was >25 mm Hg in only one eye in each group at24 h after surgery.·CONCLUSION: BTFC and DTFC have similar effects in reducing increases in IOP after phacoemulsificationsurgery and can both be recommended for preventing IOP spikes after such surgery.

关键词： cataract brimonidine dorzolamide timolol intraocular pressure phacoemulsification postoperative complication

Acidiella bohemica gen. et sp. nov. and Acidomyces spp. (Teratosphaeriaceae), the indigenous inhabitants of extremely acidic soils in Europe

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 33-45页

作者： Martina Hujslová Alena Kubátová Martin Kostovčík Miroslav kolařík Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueBenátská2CZ-12801 Prague 2Czech Republic Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism Institute of Microbiology of the ASCRv.v.i.Vídeňská1083CZ-14220 Prague 4Czech Republic Research Institute of Crop Production Drnovská507Prague 6 CZ-16106Czech Republic Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueViničná5CZ-12844 Prague 2Czech Republic

Extremely acidic soils(pH<3)harbour mycobiota that are different from less acidic habitats and are dominated by a small number of fungal *** investigation of the mycobiota of highly acidic soils in the Czech Republic and Iceland,a group of melanised fungal isolates was *** on phenotype and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences(ITS region,SSU,LSU),the isolates were accommodated by three phylogenetic lineages within the family Teratosphaeriaceae(Capnodiales,Dothideomycetes).The first lineage is here described as a new acidotolerant genus and species Acidiella bohemica *** *** most closely related species to this new clade are other extremotolerant fungi isolated from rocks and lichens collected in the Alps and Antarctica as well as leaf-spotting species and opportunistic human *** isolates belonging to the second and the third lineages were identified as the recently described acidophilic fungi Acidomyces acidophilus and Teratosphaeria acidotherma,*** taxonomic status of both sister species is discussed and the latter species is ascribed here to the genus Acidomyces.

关键词： Black yeast Acidotolerant Acidomyces acidophilus Teratosphaeria acidotherma Soil fungi Ascomycota

Regional TEC modelling over Africa using deep structured supervised neural network

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2020年第5期11卷 367-375页

作者： Mefe Moses Joseph Danasabe Dodo Lazarus Mustapha Ojigi kola Lawal Department of Geomatics Ahmadu Bello University

A deep structured supervised neural network(NN) model has been developed for modelling of ionospheric vertical total electron content(VTEC) using observations from over 100 Global Navigation Satellite System continuously operating reference stations(GNSS CORS) across Africa. The study covers all available data during low, moderate and declining phases of solar cycle 24, from 2009 to 2017. Optimal network parameters combination for the regional model includes a combination of spatio-temporal parameters(latitude, longitude, year, day of the year, hour), geomagnetic and solar parameters(F10.7, AE,Dst indices), hidden layer of 20 neurons and a feedforward network with Levenberge Marquardt backpropagation algorithm. The validation and the test curves do not indicate overfitting and the performance curves of the training, validation and test data show a very similar trend. Thus, the performance of the optimal network with learning data is in sync with the data not assimilated in the learning *** African Regional Ionospheric Tec Model(ARITM) developed in this study reproduces the known spatiotemporal features of the equatorial and low-latitudes ionosphere quite well. The ARITM performs well to a considerably high degree of precision within the Africa region by comparison with the global ionospheric maps(GIMs) and the Formosa Satellite-3 Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere & Climate(FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC) observations. The results suggest that the developed model can efficiently be adopted as a substitute for single station ionospheric model for any single GNSS station within Africa, avoiding the need for developing independent multiple single station ionospheric models for each of the existing and future GNSS stations within the African region.

关键词： Africa GNSS Neural network Ionospheric TEC modelling