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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第20期27卷 2603-2614页

作者： knut EA Lundin Ciaran p Kelly David S Sanders Kristina Chen Sheena Kayaniyil Sisi Wang Rajvi J Wani Caitlin Barrett Shakira Yoosuf Ellen S pettersen Robert Sambrook Daniel A Leffler K.G.Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre University of OsloOslo 0450Norway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOslo 0372Norway Celiac Center Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Celiac Research Program Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States Royal hallamshire hospital University of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Takeda pharmaceuticals International Co. CambridgeMA 02139United States Real World Evidence Strategy and Analytics ICON plc.TorontoON L7N 3G2Canada Real World Evidence Strategy and Analytics ICON plc.VancouverBC V6B 1P1Canada

BACKGROUND Long-term outcomes and monitoring patterns in real-world practice are largely unknown among patients with celiac *** To understand patterns of follow-up and management of patients with celiac disease,and to characterize symptoms and villous atrophy after *** A retrospective chart review study was performed using medical chart data of patients diagnosed with celiac *** gastroenterology referral centers,with substantial expertise in celiac disease,participated in the United Kingdom,United States,and *** and clinical data were collected from medical *** analyses were conducted on patients with biopsyconfirmed celiac disease,diagnosed between 2008 and 2012,with at least one follow-up visit before December 31,*** demographic and clinical characteristics,biopsy/serology tests and results,symptoms,and comorbidities were captured at diagnosis and for each clinic visit occurring within the study period(i.e.,before the study end date of December 31,2017).RESULTS A total of 300 patients were included in this study[72%female;mean age at diagnosis:38.9 years,standard deviation(SD)17.2].patients were followed-up for a mean of 29.9 mo(SD 22.1)and there were,on average,three follow-up visits per patient during the study *** two-thirds(68.4%)of patients were recorded as having ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms and 11.0%had ongoing symptoms and enteropathy during *** 80%of patients were referred to a dietician at least once during the follow-up ***(50.0%)of the patients underwent at least one follow-up duodenal biopsy and 36.6%had continued villous *** of monitoring varied between *** were conducted more frequently in Norway and patients in the United States had a longer follow-up *** This real-world study demonstrates variable follow-up of patients with celiac disease despite most patients continuing to have abnormal histology

关键词： Celiac disease Outcomes research Endoscopy Real-world General practice Villous atrophy

Correlating oriented grain number density of recrystallisation in particle-containing aluminium alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第2期28卷 220-225页

作者：赵庆龙张辉迪 Ke hUANG knut MARThINSEN 吉林大学材料科学与工程学院汽车材料教育部重点实验室长春130025 Laboratory of Thermomechanical Metallurgy-pX Group Chair Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology

The recrystallized grain structure of Al-（Mn）-Fe-Si alloys after isothermal annealing was studied by electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD） technique. Statistical correlation suggests that the frequency of forming p-oriented（{011}？566？） grains at a particle larger than the critical diameter（about 1.1 μm） is about 2% when the effect of fine dispersoids and concurrent precipitation is negligible. The overall grain number density is correlated linearly with the number densities of p and Cube（{001}？100？） grains. The grain number densities of typical orientations（p, ND-rotated cube {001}？310？ and Cube） and the overall recrystallized grains increase as rolling strain increases, following a similar exponential law.

关键词： recrystallisation texture aluminium alloys particle-stimulated nucleation EBSD

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海冰盐度影响下冰水热力过程的试验研究

海洋通报 2019年第1期38卷 38-46页

作者：陈晓东王安良 knut h?yland 季顺迎大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室辽宁大连116023 挪威科技大学SAMCoT研究中心国家海洋环境预报中心国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室北京100081

北极多年海冰的渡夏与冰脊形成的初始阶段均属于海冰升温的热力学过程。在卤水作用下,海冰在升温过程中需要融化内部的固态冰以达到温盐平衡。为研究海冰升温过程中盐度对宏观热力学性质的影响,本文设计了冰块试样在水中的一维浸没试验... 详细信息

北极多年海冰的渡夏与冰脊形成的初始阶段均属于海冰升温的热力学过程。在卤水作用下,海冰在升温过程中需要融化内部的固态冰以达到温盐平衡。为研究海冰升温过程中盐度对宏观热力学性质的影响,本文设计了冰块试样在水中的一维浸没试验。将具有相同初始温度(-32℃)、不同盐度(0 ppt, 2.65 ppt, 12 ppt)的冰试样浸至0.2℃的淡水环境中,并测试试样内部温度场与厚度变化。试验结果表明,高盐度海冰的最终冰厚增加量超过31%,而淡水冰则仅为15%。海冰内部卤水的活跃改变了海冰的宏观比热并大幅度提高了其潜在的内能变化量。同时,将内能变化的实测结果与Schwerdfeger模型理论计算结果进行了对比。分析得出,真实环境中在海冰卤水迁移引起的盐度不均匀分布与卤水外排使得Schwerdfeger模型无法准确描述海冰升温过程中热力学性质。此外,通过对新生冰进行冰晶测试中所观测的柱状结构及晶粒尺寸特征也进一步验证了试验结果的可靠性。

关键词：海冰热物性质热传导相变模型试验

In Situ Etching for Total Control Over Axial and Radial Nanowire Growth

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Nano Research 2010年第4期3卷 264-270页

作者： Magnus T.Borgström Jesper Wallentin Johanna Trägårdh peter Ramvall Martin Ek LReine Wallenberg Lars Samuelson knut Deppert Solid State physics Lund UniversityBox 118S-22100LundSweden polymer&Materials Chemistry/nChREM Lund UniversityS-22100 LundSweden h.h.Wills physics Laboratory University of BristolTyndall AvenueBristol BS81TLUnited Kingdom

We report a method using in situ etching to decouple the axial from the radial nanowire growth pathway,independent of other growth *** a wide range of growth parameters can be explored to improve the nanowire properties without concern of tapering or excess structural defects formed during radial *** demonstrate the method using etching by hCl during Inp nanowire *** improved crystal quality of etched nanowires is indicated by strongly enhanced photoluminescence as compared to reference nanowires obtained without etching.

关键词： MOVpE nanowire growth in situ etching photoluminescence

In-situ characterization of metal nanoparticles and their organic coatings using laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry

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Nano Research 2015年第12期8卷 3780-3795页

作者： patrik T. Nilsson Axel C. Eriksson Linus Ludvigsson Maria E. Messing Erik Z. Nordin Anders Gudmundsson Bengt O. Meuller knut Deppert Edward C. Fortner Timothy B. Onasch Joakim h. pagels Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Nuclear physics Lund University P.O. Box 118 LundSE-22100 Sweden Solid State physics Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Synchrotron Radiation Research Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Aerodyne Research Inc. Billefica MA 01821-3976 USA

The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for subsequent offiine analysis, which may alter the particle characteristics. In this work, we use laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry （LV-AMS） with 70-eV electron ionization for real-time, in-situ nanoparticle characterization. The particle characteristics are examined for various aerosol synthesis methods, degrees of sintering, and for controlled condensation of organic material to simulate surface coating/functionalization. The LV-AMS is used to characterize several types of metal nanoparticles （Ag, Au, pd, pdAg, Fe, Ni, and Cu）. The degree of oxidation of the Fe and Ni nanoparticles is found to increase with increased sintering temperature, while the surface organic-impurity content of the metal particles decreases with increased sintering temperature. For aggregate metal particles, the organic-impurity content is found to be similar to that of a monolayer. By comparing different equivalent-diameter measurements, we demonstrate that the LV-AMS can be used in tandem with a differential mobility analyzer to determine the compactness of synthesized metal particles, both during sintering and during material addition for surface functionalization. Further, materials supplied to the particle production line downstream of the particle generators are found to reach the generators as contaminants. The capacity for such in-situ observations is important, as it facilitates rapid response to undesired behavior within the particle production process. This study demonstrates the utility of real-time, in-situ aerosol mass spectrometric measurements to characterize metal nanoparticles obtained directly from the synthesis process line, including their chemical composition, shape, and contamination, providing the potential for effective optimization of process operating p

关键词： metal aeroso1 organic surface coating contamination morphology alloy spark discharge

Case-finding for mental distress in primary health care: An evaluation of the performance of a five-item screening instrument

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health 2013年第3期5卷 627-636页

作者： peter J. Chipimo knut Fylkesnes Centre for International health Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway Department of Community Medicine School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: There is an increased interest in developing better and more accurate methods to recognize and manage mental health problems in primary care settings. Abbreviated screening instruments for mental distress are useful tools for research and clinical practice. The present study seeks to investigate whether only a few questionnaire items from the Self-Reporting- Questionnaire-10 (SRQ-10) can be a robust method in the screening for Mental Distress in primary health care. Methods: We compared the screening accuracy of a short, five-item (SRQ-5) version of the SRQ-10 with that of the SRQ-20, General health Questionnaire 12 (GhQ-12) using the DSM-IV axis as a gold standard and analyzed its performance in different diagnostic entities. We also assessed the correlation, sensitivity and specificity between the 4 instruments. All the instruments were administered to 400 primary health care attendees. Results: The estimated prevalence of mental distress was 13.6% in the study sample (Depression 11%, anxiety disorders 1.8%). The SRQ-5 was highly correlated to SRQ-10 (0.923, p p hQ-12 (0.417, p he SRQ-5 had high properties for identifying mental distress. The AUC for overall mental distress was 0.925 while that for depression and anxiety were 0.915 and 0.849 respectively. Conclusion: This validation showed that in moving from SRQ with 10 or 20 items to one with merely 5 items, we do not seem to lose the screening prowess of the instrument. The SRQ-5 represents a simplified and less time-consuming screening instrument with strong performance characteristics. We therefore recommend it for inclusion into existing patient assessment protocols, thus enhancing case finding at primary health care level.

关键词： Mental Distress Screening Instruments Validity primary health Care SRQ-5 SRQ-10 SRQ-20 GhQ12 DSM-IV Zambia

Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea. A Review. part Ⅰ: Occurrence and Character

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沉积学报 1999年第2期 98-103页

作者： ZhANG Shao nan 1 knut Bjrlykke 2 1 (Chengdu Univesity of Technology Chengdu 610059) 2 ( University of Oslo 0316 Oslo 3 Norway)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＱｕａｒｔｚｃｅｍｅｎｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ（ｅ．ｇ．ＭｃＢｒｉｄｅ，１９８９，Ｌａｎｄａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｓ，１９９０，Ｂｒｌｙｋｋｅａｎ... 详细信息

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＱｕａｒｔｚｃｅｍｅｎｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ（ｅ．ｇ．ＭｃＢｒｉｄｅ，１９８９，Ｌａｎｄａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｓ，１９９０，ＢｒｌｙｋｋｅａｎｄＥｇｅｂｅｒｇ，１９９３）．Ｉｔ...

关键词： quartz cement homogenezation temperature sandstone Brent Group North Sea

Determinants of household catastrophic costs for drug sensitive tuberculosis patients in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2021年第4期10卷 18-32页

作者： Beatrice Kirubi Jane Ong'angto peter Nguhiu knut Lonnroth Aiban Rono Kristi Sidney-Annerstedt Department of Global public health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden WhO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Social Medicine StockholmSweden The health and Social protection Action Research&Knowledge Sharing Network(SpARKS) StockholmSweden Centre for Respiratory Disease Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya health Economics Research Unit KEMRI-WellcomeTrust Research ProgramNairobiKenya Monitoring Evaluation&ResearchNational TuberculosisLeprosy and Lung Disease ProgramMinistry of HealthNairobiKenya

Background::Despite free diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis(TB),the costs during treatment impose a significant financial burden on patients and their *** study sought to identify the determinants for cata-strophic costs among patients with drug-sensitive TB(DSTB)and their households in ***::The data was collected during the 2017 Kenya national patient cost survey from a nationally representative sample(n=1071).Treatment related costs and productivity losses were *** costs exceeding 20%of household income were defined as catastrophic and used as the *** poisson regression analysis was performed to measure the association between selected individual,household and disease characteristics and occurrence of catastrophic costs.A deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried using different thresholds and the significant predictors were ***::The proportion of catastrophic costs among DSTB patients was 27%(n=294).patients with catastrophic costs had higher median productivity losses,39 h[interquartile range(IQR):20-104],and total median costs of USD 567(IQR:299-1144).The incidence of catastrophic costs had a dose response with household *** poorest quintile was 6.2 times[95%confidence intervals(CI):4.0-9.7]more likely to incur catastrophic costs compared to the *** prevalence of catastrophic costs decreased with increasing household expenditure quintiles(proportion of catastrophic costs:59.7%,32.9%,23.6%,15.9%,and 9.5%)from the lowest quintile(Q1)to the highest quintile(Q5).Other determinants included hospitalization:prevalence ratio(pR)=2.8(95%CI:1.8-4.5)and delayed treatment:pR=1.5(95%CI:1.3-1.7).protective factors included receiving care at a public health facility:pR=0.8(95%CI:0.6-1.0),and a higher body mass index(BMI):pR=0.97(95%CI:0.96-0.98).pre TB expenditure,hospitalization and BMI were significant predictors in all sensitivity analysis ***::There are signif

关键词： Tuberculosis health expenditure Income loss Social protection Kenya

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中国农村地区成人乙肝疫苗接种及影响因素

中国公共卫生 2012年第10期28卷 1291-1293页

作者：朱大伟 knut R.Wangen 王健郭娜王镇山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心山东济南250012 Department of health Management and health Economics University of Oslo

目的了解目前中国农村地区成人乙肝疫苗接种情况,探讨成人乙肝疫苗接种行为的影响因素,为医改后继续深化乙肝防治提供依据。方法于2011年3—7月采用多阶段与概率比例规模(ppS)抽样结合的方法,抽取宁夏、河北、山东、江苏4个省7个县市23... 详细信息

目的了解目前中国农村地区成人乙肝疫苗接种情况,探讨成人乙肝疫苗接种行为的影响因素,为医改后继续深化乙肝防治提供依据。方法于2011年3—7月采用多阶段与概率比例规模(ppS)抽样结合的方法,抽取宁夏、河北、山东、江苏4个省7个县市23个村12 499名≥18岁农村居民,对其乙肝疫苗接种情况及主要影响因素进行问卷调查。结果 4省农村成人中乙肝疫苗接种率为13.89%(1 736/12 499),全程接种率为11.02%(1 378/12 499),接种人群中全程接种率为79.38%(1 378/1 736);多分类有序logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄越大,乙肝疫苗接种针次越少;人均年收入越高、乙肝认知越好、对乙肝疫苗的信任度越高、威胁评估越高、文化程度越高,乙肝疫苗接种针次越多;农民和打工者乙肝疫苗接种针次较少。结论年龄、职业、文化程度、经济原因和对乙肝防治知识及疫苗的认识不足是农村成人乙肝疫苗接种行为的主要影响因素。

关键词：乙肝疫苗成人影响因素