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Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

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Rescue of p53 functions by in vitro-transcribed mRNA impedes the growth of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 101-126页

作者： Monika Raab Izabela Kostova Samuel Peña-Llopis Daniela Fietz Monika Kressin Seyed Mohsen Aberoumandi Evelyn Ullrich Sven Becker Mourad Sanhaji klaus Strebhardt Department of Gynecology Medical SchoolGoethe-UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany Translational Genomics in Solid Tumors West German Cancer CenterUniversity HospitalEssenGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) EssenGermany German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany Histology and Embryology Institute for Veterinary AnatomyGiessenGermany Franfurt Cancer Institute(FCI) Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainza partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany Experimental Immunology Department for Children and Adolescents MedicineUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany

Background:The cellular tumor protein p53(TP53)is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in human *** various cancer types,the very aggressive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)exhibits the high-est prevalence of TP53 mutations,present in>96%of *** intensive efforts to reactivate p53,no clinical drug has been approved to rescue p53 *** this study,our primary objective was to administer in vitro-transcribed(IVT)wild-type(WT)p53-mRNA to HGSOC cell lines,primary cells,and ortho-topic mouse models,with the aim of exploring its impact on inhibiting tumor growth and dissemination,both in vitro and in ***:To restore the activity of p53,WT p53 was exogenously expressed in HGSOC cell lines using a mammalian vector ***,IVT WT p53 mRNA was delivered into different HGSOC model systems(primary cells and patient-derived organoids)using liposomes and studied for proliferation,cell cycle progression,apoptosis,colony formation,and chromosomal *** alterations induced by p53 mRNA were analyzed using RNA sequencing in OVCAR-8 and primary HGSOC cells,followed by ingenuity path-way *** vivo effects on tumor growth and metastasis were studied using orthotopic xenografts and metastatic intraperitoneal mouse ***:Reactivation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene was explored in differ-ent HGSOC model systems using newly designed IVT mRNA-based *** introduction of WT p53 mRNA triggered dose-dependent apoptosis,cell cycle arrest,and potent long-lasting inhibition of HGSOC cell *** analysis of OVCAR-8 cells upon mRNA-based p53 reactivation revealed significant alterations in gene expression related to p53 signaling,such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and DNA *** p53 function concurrently reduces chromosomal instability within the HGSOC cells,under-scoring its crucial contribution in safeguarding genomic integrity by moderating the baselin

关键词： apoptosis cell cycle chromosomal instability HGSOC metastatic intraperitoneal mouse model HGSOC orthotopic Xenograft model high-grade serous ovarian cancer in vitro-transcribed p53-mRNA liposomal IVT mRNA delivery system patient-derived organoid patient-derived primary cancer cell

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On-Surface Synthesis of Anthracene-Fused Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbons from 2,7-Dibromo-9,9′-bianthryl Reveals Unexpected Ring Rearrangements

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第2期2卷 81-87页

作者： Xiushang Xu Amogh Kinikar Marco Di Giovannantonio Carlo A.Pignedoli Pascal Ruffieux klaus Müllen Roman Fasel Akimitsu Narita Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 MainzGermany Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gunOkinawa 904-0495Japan Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologynanotech@surfaces Laboratory8600 DübendorfSwitzerland Institute of Structure of Matter-CNR(ISM-CNR) 00133 RomaItaly Institute of Physical Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55128 MainzGermany Department of Chemistry Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Bern3012 BernSwitzerland

On-surface synthesis has emerged as a powerful strategy to fabricate unprecedented forms of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons(GNRs).However,the on-surface synthesis of zigzag GNRs(ZGNR)has met with only limited ***,we report the synthesis and on-surface reactions of 2,7-dibromo-9,9′-bianthryl as the precursor towardπ-extended *** by scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy clearly demonstrated the formation of anthracene-fused *** skeletal rearrangements were also observed,which could be explained by intramolecular Diels-Alder *** calculations of the electronic properties of the anthracene-fused ZGNRs revealed spin-polarized edge-states and a narrow bandgap of 0.20 eV.

关键词： On-surface synthesis Graphene nanoribbon On-surface reaction Rearrangement Edge state

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Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer Robert Ringseis klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

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Study on Chrome-free Purging Plugs for Steel Ladles

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China's Refractories 2024年第2期33卷 41-47页

作者： Yunpeng ZHOU Wang FENG Shankha CHATTERJEE Andus BUHR Sebastian klaus Almatis Qingdao Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266510China Almatis Alumina Pvt Ltd. Kolkata 700071India Almatis GmbH Frankfurt 60528Germany

Purging plug refractories in China typically contain around 3 mass% of super-fine chromium oxide in the matrix in order to improve the performance of the purging plugs, primarily, slag corrosion and wear resistance. Alternatives to chromium oxide containing refractories have gained interest due to health concerns related to the formation of soluble chromium compounds over long storage periods of refractory wastes. Super-ground reactive alumina can replace chromium oxide in purging plug refractories and this paper discussed the new reactive alumina E-SY 88 in comparison to chromium oxide in a typical purging plug castable. The mixing behaviour, wet castable properties, as well as cured, dried, and fired properties at different temperatures up to 1 600 ℃ were compared. In addition, the hot modulus of rupture, creep behaviour, thermal shock resistance and slag corrosion resistance were tested. The microstructure after slag corrosion was investigated by SEM. The results prove that E-SY 88 is an economically viable technical alternative to chromium oxide in purging plug refractories.

关键词： purging plug alumina-spinel castable workability chromium-free thermal shock resistance

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Water consumption and biodiversity:Responses to global emergency events

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2632-2646页

作者： Dandan Zhao Junguo Liu Laixiang Sun klaus Hubacek Stephan Pfister Kuishuang Feng Heran Zheng Xu Peng Daoping Wang Hong Yang Lei Shen Fei Lun Xu Zhao Bin Chen Marko Keskinen Shaohui Zhang Jialiang Cai Olli Varis Water&Development Research Group Department of Built EnvironmentAalto UniversityEspoo 15200Finland School of Water Conservancy North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450046China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park 20742USA School of Finance and Management SOASUniversity of LondonLondon WC1H0XGUK Integrated Research on Energy Environment and SocietyEnergy and Sustainability Research Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningen 9747AGthe Netherlands ETH Zurich Institute of Environmental EngineeringZurich 8093Switzerland The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E6BTUK School of Business Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Computer Science and Technology University of CambridgeCambridge CB21TNUK w2e Environmental Consulting GmbH Duebendorf 8600Switzerland Key Laboratory for Resource Use and Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Blue and Green Development Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Fudan Tyndall Center Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg A-2361Austria

Given that it was a once-in-a-century emergency event,the confinement measures related to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused diverse disruptions and changes in life and work *** changes significantly affected water consumption both during and after the pandemic,with direct and indirect consequences on ***,there has been a lack of holistic evaluation of these ***,we propose a novel framework to study the impacts of this unique global emergency event by embedding an environmentally extended supply-constrained global multi-regional input-output model(MRIO)into the drivers-pressure-state-impact-response(DPSIR)*** framework allowed us to develop scenarios related to COVID-19 confinement measures to quantify country-sector-specific changes in freshwater consumption and the associated changes in biodiversity for the period of *** results suggest progressively diminishing impacts due to the implementation of COVID-19 vaccines and the socio-economic system’s self-adjustment to the new *** 2020,the confinement measures were estimated to decrease global water consumption by about 5.7% on average across all scenarios when compared with the baseline level with no confinement ***,such a decrease is estimated to lead to a reduction of around 5% in the related pressure on *** the interdependencies and interactions across global supply chains,even those countries and sectors that were not directly affected by the COVID-19 shocks experienced significant impacts:Our results indicate that the supply chain propagations contributed to 79% of the total estimated decrease in water consumption and 84%of the reduction in biodiversity loss on *** study demonstrates that the MRIO-enhanced DSPIR framework can help quantify resource pressures and the resultant environmental impacts across supply chains when facing a global emergency ***,we recommend the development o

关键词： Global emergency events Water-biodiversity causal effect COVID-19 Biodiversity MRIO-enhanced DPSIR framework Supply-chain network High-resolution water consumption dataset Supply-constrained multi-regional input-output(mixed MRIO)model

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Did pediatric drug development advance epilepsy treatment in young patients?It is time for new research goals

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 65-74页

作者： Earl B Ettienne Emilio Russo Pasquale Striano Jane M Grant-Kels klaus Rose College of Pharmacy Howard University College of PharmacyWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Health Sciences School of MedicineRussoUniversity"Magna Graecia"of CatanzaroCatanzaro 88100Italy IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genova 16148Italy Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06032United States klausrose Consulting Pediatric Drug Development and moreMedical ScienceCH-4125 RiehenSwitzerland

Modern drugs have changed epilepsy,which affects people of all ***,for young people with epilepsy,the framework of drug development has *** the wake of the thalidomide catastrophe,the misconception emerged that for people<18 years of age drugs,including antiseizure medications(ASMs),need separate proof of efficacy and safety,overall called"pediatric drug development".For ASMs,this has changed to some *** now accept that ASMs are effective in<18 years as well,but they still require"extrapolation of efficacy,"as if minors were another *** a result,some of the pediatric clinical epilepsy research over the past decades was *** more importantly,this has hampered research on meaningful research *** do not need to confirm that ASMs work before as they do after the 18th ***,we need to learn how to prevent brain damage in young patients by preventing seizures and optimize ASMs’*** we discuss how to proceed in this endeavor.

关键词： Epilepsy Pediatric drug development Therapeutic orphans Antiseizure medications Pediatric investigation plan Clinical pharmacology

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国际贸易对环境脆弱性的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 426-430页

作者：王少剑梁筠怡陈湘杰方创琳刘康遥王婕妤冯奎双刘竹 klaus Hubacek 刘小平 School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742USA Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Integrated Research on Energy Environment and Society(IREES)Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen(ESRIG)University of GroningenGroningenAG 9747the Netherlands

Owing to the harsh natural environment and unsustainable production system,environmental vulnerability differs substantially among and within regions^([1]).Over the past 20 years,the most environmentally vulnerable countries lost over half of their economic growth potential^([2]).International trade is a double-edged sword for environmental *** the one hand,production occurs beyond countries’borders while associated environmental impacts are displaced away from the location of consumption.

关键词：环境脆弱性国际贸易 border

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含Benzo[a]azulene单元的锯齿状梯形共轭聚合物的表面在位合成

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物理化学学报 2024年第8期40卷 1-3页

作者：吴名辉 Markus Mühlinghaus 李雪超徐超婕陈强张海明 klaus Müllen 迟力峰江苏省碳基功能材料与器件重点实验室苏州大学功能纳米与软材料研究院江苏苏州215123 马克斯ꞏ普朗克高分子研究所美因茨55128德国

梯形共轭聚合物(CLPs)因其独特的光电性质而受到广泛关注。绝大多数CLPs是通过溶液方法合成的,但近年来,在超高真空环境中进行的表面原位合成策略逐渐崭露头角,成为CPL合成的新方法。表面原位合成方法能够克服传统溶液合成的限制,如随... 详细信息

梯形共轭聚合物(CLPs)因其独特的光电性质而受到广泛关注。绝大多数CLPs是通过溶液方法合成的,但近年来,在超高真空环境中进行的表面原位合成策略逐渐崭露头角,成为CPL合成的新方法。表面原位合成方法能够克服传统溶液合成的限制,如随着聚合度增加而受限的溶解度和结构稳定性,从而实现复杂共轭结构的精确合成。Azulene衍生物是在表面合成非苯型CLPs的有吸引力的前体。与传统的只含六元环的CLPs相比,使用烷基取代的azulene作为前体分子,有望获得具有复杂骨架结构的CLPs,从而调控其电子性质,但目前很少有人探索这种策略。本文报道了3,3'-二溴-2,2’-二甲基-1,1’-联薁(DBMA)在Au(111)表面上的热化学反应。在室温的Au(111)衬底上,我们发现沉积的分子在重构表面的fcc(面心立方堆积)区域形成无定型的聚集体,并在100℃以下保持形貌不变。当退火温度高于150℃后,DBMA发生脱溴反应并与金原子络合形成具有复杂空间立体结构的2,2’-二甲基-1,1’-联薁有机金属聚合物,并展现出迥异的图像特征。随后在更高温度下退火,有机金属聚合物脱去金属原子并经历碳碳偶联反应。该过程伴随着甲基与相邻薁单元之间的分子内环化反应,形成了含有benzo[a]azulene单元的梯形共轭聚合物。有趣的是,我们发现当一侧甲基参与反应并在聚合物中形成六元环时,会显著地弯折聚合物链,使得另一侧甲基与薁单元之间的距离增加,并抑制预期的环化过程。我们通过键分辨扫描探针显微镜对反应过程中的相关结构进行了研究,发现反应结果与反应中间结构的应力关联紧密。我们的结果表明,烷基取代的azulene前体可应用于非苯型碳纳米结构的表面合成,并有望实现扩展的非苯型二维碳纳米结构。

关键词：表面在位合成薁非苯型碳纳米结构梯形共轭聚合物扫描探针显微镜键分辨原子力显微镜

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Erratum to:Testing and modelling of transient adhesion phenomena in rolling-sliding contacts

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1622-1622页

作者： Daniel KVARDA Alexander MEIERHOFER klaus SIX Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH Graz 8010Austria

Erratum to Daniel Kvarda,Alexander Meierhofer,klaus *** and modelling of transient adhesion phenomena in rolling–sliding *** 12(5):1016–1027(2024).https://***/10.1007/s40544-023-0825-8 The authors regret that there was an inadvertent error in author biographies after checking the *** is important to note that the change does not impact the main conclusion of the *** accurate version of biographies of Alexander MEIERHOFER and klaus SIX on pages 1026 and 1027 are provided as below.

关键词： Friction transient conclusion

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