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The gut microbiome and metabolome of Himalayan Griffons(Gyps himalayensis):insights into the adaptation to carrion-feeding habits in avian scavengers

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 682-698页

作者： Wen Wang Xiaolong Gao Sisi Zheng Zhuoma Lancuo Ying Li Lilin Zhu Jianping Hou Jiayi Hai Xin Long Hanxi Chen Alexey Druzyaka kirill sharshov State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXi’ning 810016China College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai UniversityXi’ning 810016China College of Finance and Economics Qinghai UniversityXi’ning 810016China Xining Wild Animal Epidemic Disease Monitoring Station Xi’ning 810001China College of Eco-Environmental Engineering Qinghai UniversityXi’ning 810016China Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630091Russia Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine Novosibirsk 630117Russia.

Background:Himalayan Griffons(Gyps himalayensis),large scavenging raptors widely distributed in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,have evolved a remarkable ability to feed on carcasses without suffering any adverse *** gut microbiome plays an important role in animal physiological and pathological processes,and has also been found to play a health protective role in the vulture adaptation to ***,the microbial taxonomic diversity(including nonculturable and culturable microbes),functions,and metabolites related to Himalayan Griffons have not been fully ***:In the present study,the 28 fecal samples of the Himalayan Griffons and 8 carrion samples were collected and sequenced using high-throughput 16 S rRNA gene sequencing methods to analyze the composition and functional structures of the *** fecal samples of the Himalayan Griffons were analyzed using untargeted Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy(LC-MS)to identify *** used different culture conditions to grow Himalayan Griffons gut *** effects of gut beneficial bacteria on 5 common pathogenic bacteria were also tested using the Oxford cup ***:According to the results of the culture-independent method,a high abundance of four major phyla in Himalayan Griffons were identified,including Fusobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,and *** most abundant genera were Fusobacterium,followed by Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,Cetobacterium,Epulopiscium,and *** predicted primary functional categories of the Himalayan Griffons'gut microbiome were associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism,replication and repair,and membrane ***-MS metabolomic analysis showed a total of 154 metabolites in all the fecal *** yielded 184 bacterial isolates with Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecium,Enterococcus hirae,and Paeniclostridium sordellii as most common ***,7 potential beneficial gut bacteria

关键词： Avian scavengers Culture Microbiome Pathogens Vultures

Characterization of Avian-like Influenza A (H4N6)Virus Isolated from Caspian Seal in 2012

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第5期33卷 449-452页

作者： Marina Gulyaeva Ivan Sobolev kirill sharshov Olga Kurskaya Alexander Alekseev Lidia Shestopalova Anna Kovner Yuhai Bi Weifeng Shi Michael Shchelkanov Alexander Shestopalov Novosibirsk State University NovosibirskRussia 630090 Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine" NovosibirskRussia 630117 School of Biomedicine Far Eastern Federal UniversityVladvostokRussia 690090 Federal Scientific Center of East Asia Terrestrial Biodiverslty Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia 690022 CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidermology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universiues of Shandong Taishan Medical CollegeTaian 271000China

Dear Editor Marine mammals are widely distributed and can be found almost in all coastal waters and coastlines around the *** interface areas between marine and terrestrial environments provide natural habitats for aquatic and semiaquatic mammals as well as for reservoir species of avian influenza viruses (AIV)(Runstadler et al.2013).

关键词： Caspian Seal Avian-like Influenza

The Evidence of Clade 7.1 Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1) in Qinghai Lake

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第14期6卷 1053-1061页

作者： Wen Wang kirill sharshov Zhuo Li Sisi Zheng Hao Sun Fang Yang Xuelian Wang Laixing Li Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’ning China Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Novosibirsk Russia University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The highly pathogenic influenza A virus subtype H5N1 spread throughout Asia since 2003, reached to Europe in 2005, and the Middle East, as well as Africa and caused a global concern for a potential pandemic threat last decade. A Clade 2.3.2 H5N1 virus became dominate in the Qinghai Lake region in 2009 with sporadic mammal cases of infection and transferred to Russia and Europe through wild migratory birds. Currently, HPAI H5N1 of clades 2.3.4, 2.3.2, and 7 are the dominant co-circulating H5N1 viruses in poultry in Asia. 2.3.2 Clade is dominant in wild birds through the world whereas there is no evident data about Clade 7 circulation in wild birds. We detected HPAI H5N1 virus of Clade 7.1 in Qinghai Lake, that closely related to Shanxi-like and Vietnam viruses co-circulating in poultry. This is the first report of Clade 7.1 H5N1 in wild birds. Based on phylogenetic analyses, the virus can be originated from Clade 7.1 virus gene pool that spread in Vietnam and Chinese poultry and could spread with migratory birds to Qinghai Lake. The Qinghai Lake continues to be significant hotspot for H5N1 surveillance since the regular outbreaks occurred there in wild birds and mammals. Based on these facts and findings, the related researchers should pay more attention to the Qinghai Lake basin as significant hotspot for H5N1 avian influenza surveillance since the regular H5N1 outbreaks occurred there in wild birds with sporadic mammal cases of infection.

关键词： Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Clade 7.1 Qinghai Lake Wild Birds

Avian Influenza H5N1 Surveillance in Geese of Qinghai Province, China (2012)

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 18-21页

作者： kirill sharshov V. Marchenko Fang Yang A. Alekseev Jian Cao Zhuo Li A. Shestopalov Lai-Xing Li Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russia Research Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Novosibirsk Russia Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Novosibirsk Russia Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russia Research Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Novosibirsk Russia

The aim of study was to detect H5N1 virus in wild geese in Qinghai Province in 2012. The work was provided according to WHO and OIE guidelines. In 2012, we collected 532 samples from wild geese of two species: Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) and Graylag Goose (Anser anser). We analyzed samples by chicken embryo inoculation and PCR. No avian influenza viruses were isolated. History of HPAI H5N1 shows obvious importance of Central Asian region in its spreading. The outbreaks of the H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI H5N1) were reported in wild birds at the Qinghai Lake since 2005. This area seems to be key point for H5N1 avian influenza surveillance in wild birds. We did not find viruses although H5N1 cases in poultry were reported from 5 provinces of China in 2012. Annual surveillance is required for early AIV detection in this region.

关键词： Avian Influenza H5N1 Geese Qinghai Province China

Antibodies to Newcastle Disease Virus in Egg Yolks of Great Cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax carbo</i>) at Qinghai Lake

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 194-197页

作者： Alexander Y. Alekseeev kirill A. sharshov Vasiliy Y. Marchenko Zhuo Li Jian Cao Fang Yang Alexander M. Shestopalov Vyacheslav A. Shkurupy Laixing Li Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China Research Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Siberian Branch of Russian Academia Medical Science Novosibirsk Russia Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russia State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Novosibirsk Russia

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is not considered as cause of serious disease in humans. But, recent data make it clear that, under particular circumstances, it is indeed possible for NDV to cause severe human respiratory disease. Newcastle Disease infection has been reported in many bird species. Cormorants that inhabit at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are mainly represented by Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis), which is distributed mainly on the Qinghai Lake area. Cormorants are considered as one of the main NDV-reservoir. We conducted the study for the presence of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus by hemagglutination inhibition test in yolks. We got 50% of seropositive yolks to Newcastle disease virus. These results show that NDV circulates in the Qinghai Lake population of cormorants. We first used the technique of detection of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus in the egg yolk for study the circulation of the virus in cormorants and demonstrated its effectiveness. We should carefully monitor cases of pneumonia in the population of people living around the lake and assess the causes of the disease.

关键词： Newcastle Diseases Virus Antibodies Egg Yolk Great Cormorant Hemagglutination Inhibition Test

CASCIRE surveillance network and work on avian influenza viruses

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1386-1391页

作者： Yuhai Bi Weifeng Shi Jianjun Chen Quanjiao Chen Zhenghai Ma Gary Wong Wenxia Tian Renfu Yin Guanghua Fu Yongchun Yang William J.Liu Chuansong Quan Qianli Wang Shenghu He Xiangdong Li Qianfeng Xia Lixin Wang Zhaohui Pan Laixing Li Hong Li Wen Xu Ying Luo Hui Zeng Lianpan Dai Haixia Xiao kirill sharshov Alexander Shestopalov Yi Shi Jinghua Yan Xuebing Li Yingxia Liu Fumin Lei Wenjun Liu George F.Gao CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment ofInfectious DiseaseInstitute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity State Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People's HospitalShenzhen 518112China Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Taishan Medical CollegeTai'an 271016China CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China College of Life Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumchi 830046China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityJilin 130062China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou 350013China Center of Excellence for Animal Health Inspection College of Animal Science and TechnologyZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityZhejiang 311300China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Laboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine College of AgricultureNingxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine Luoyang 471003China Laboratory of Tropical Biomedicine and Biotechnology and Faculty of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory MedicineImmunology DepartmentSchool of Basic Medicine and Life ScienceHainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571101China Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Linzhi 860000China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota N

Studies on influenza virus by Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)could be traced back as early as 2005 by the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology(CASPMI),who discovered that Qinghai-like Clade 2.2H5N1 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(HPAIV)first caused severe outbreak in wild birds in Qinghai Lake(Liu et al.,2005).

关键词： CASCIRE surveillance network work on avian influenza viruses

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds,2014–2015

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第4期31卷 300-305页

作者： Yuhai Bi Jianjun Chen Zhenjie Zhang Mingxin Li Tianlong Cai kirill sharshov Ivan Susloparov Alexander Shestopalov Gary Wong Yubang He Zhi Xing Jianqing Sun Di Liu Yingxia Liu Lei Liu Wenjun Liu Fumin Lei Weifeng Shi George F. Gao Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity State Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People's HospitalShenzhen 518112China CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology(CASPMI) Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Pathogen Biology Taishan Medical CollegeTaishan 271000China CAS Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE) Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk 630090Russia Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve State Forestry AdministrationXining 810007China Office of Director-General Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseaseZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

A novel Clade 2.***.2.1c H5N1 reassortant virus caused several outbreaks in wild birds in some regions of China from late 2014 to *** on the genetic and phylogenetic analyses,the viruses possess a stable gene constellation with a Clade 2.***.2.1c HA,a H9N2-derived PB2 gene and the other six genes of Asian *** Clade 2.***.2.1c H5N1 reassortants displayed a high genetic relationship to a human H5N1 strain(A/Alberta/01/2014).Further analysis showed that similar viruses have been circulating in wild birds in China,Russia,Dubai(Western Asia),Bulgaria and Romania(Europe),as well as domestic poultry in some regions of *** affected areas include the Central Asian,East Asian-Australasian,West Asian-East African,and Black Sea/Mediterranean *** results show that the novel Clade 2.***.2.1c reassortant viruses are circulating worldwide and may have gained a selective advantage in migratory birds,thus posing a serious threat to wild birds and potentially humans.

关键词： H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Clade 2.3.2.1c outbreak migratory birds