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Cumulative radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging in intensive care unit patients

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第4期8卷 419-427页

作者： Fiachra Moloney Daniel Fama Maria Twomey Ruth O'Leary Conor Houlihane kevin p murphy Siobhan B O'Neill Owen J O'Connor Dorothy Breen Michael M Maher Department of Radiology Cork University Hospital Department of Anesthesia Cork University Hospital

AIM:To quantify cumulative effective dose of intensive care unit(ICU)patients attributable to diagnostic ***:This was a prospective,interdisciplinary study conducted in the ICU of a large tertiary referral and level 1 trauma *** and clinical data including age,gender,date of ICU admission,primary reason for ICU admission,ApACHE Ⅱ score,length of stay,number of days intubated,date of death or discharge,and re-admission data was collected on all patients admitted over a 1-year *** overall radiation exposure was quantified by the cumulative effective radiation dose(CED)in millisieverts(mS v)and calculated using reference effective doses published by the United Kingdom National Radiation protection *** patients were selected for ***:A total of 2737 studies were performedin 421 *** total CED was 1704 m Sv with a median CED of 1.5 mS v(IQR 0.04-6.6 mS v).Total CED in pediatric patients was 74.6 mS v with a median CED of 0.07 mS v(IQR 0.01-4.7 mS v).Chest radiography was the most commonly performed examination accounting for 83% of all studies but only 2.7% of total *** tomography(CT)accounted for 16% of all studies performed and contributed 97% of total *** patients received a statistically significant higher dose [median CED 7.7 mS v(IQR 3.5-13.8 mS v)] than medical [median CED 1.4 m Sv(IQR 0.05-5.4 m Sv)] and surgical [median CED 1.6 mS v(IQR 0.04-7.5 mS v)] *** of stay in ICU [OR = 1.12(95%CI:1.079-1.157)] was identified as an independent predictor of receiving a CED greater than 15 mS ***:Trauma patients and patients with extended ICU admission times are at increased risk of higher *** should be minimized where feasible,especially in young patients.

关键词： Cumulative effective dose pediatric patients Computed tomography Radiation dose Intensive care unit

C-reactive protein and radiographic findings of lower respiratory tract infection in infants

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World Journal of Radiology 2017年第4期9卷 206-211页

作者： Maria Twomey Hannah Fleming Fiachra Moloney kevin p murphy Lee Crush Siobhan B O’Neill Oisin Flanagan Karl James Conor Bogue Owen J O’Connor Michael M Maher Department of Radiology Cork University HospitalWiltonT12 DC4A CorkIreland

AIM To evaluate the association between C-reactive protein(CRp) and radiological evidence of lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) in *** All patients aged less than 4 years who presented with suspected lower respiratory tract infection,who received a peri-presentation chest radiograph and CRp blood measurement over an 18-mo period were included in the ***,gender,source of referral,CRp,white cell count,neutrophil count along with the patients' symptoms and radiologist's report were *** Three hundred and eleven patients met the *** chest radiographs were more common in patients with elevated CRp levels(p phs when a patient had a CRp level between 50-99 mg/*** levels were a better predictor of positive chest radiograph findings for those aged greater than I year compared to those 1 year or *** CRp may be used in patients with suspected LRTI diagnosis to select those who are likely to have positive findings on chest radiograph,thus reducing unnecessary chest radiographs.

关键词： Chest radiograph C-reactive protein Chest infection Respiratory infection pediatric

Use of the GORE^(®) DrySeal Flex Introducer Sheath to Facilitate Implantation of the Transcatheter Venus p-valve

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第3期16卷 197-203页

作者： Matthew I.Jones Matthew murphy Eric Rosenthal kevin p.Walsh Damien Kenny Shakeel A.Qureshi Gianfranco Butera Department of Congenital Cardiology Evelina London Children’s HospitalGuy’s&St Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Department of Cardiology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublinIreland Department of pediatric Cardiology Our Lady’s Children’s HospitalDublinIreland School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences Kings CollegeLondonUK

Objectives:We report our experience of using the 65 cm large diameter GORE^(®) DrySeal Flex Introducer sheath to facilitate transcatheter implantation of the Venus p-valve in the pulmonary ***:Transcatheter implantation of pulmonary valves can be difficult due to rigidity of the valve delivery system or the anatomy of the RVOT and pulmonary artery bifurcation and the risk of iatrogenic damage to the tricuspid valve support *** long sheaths to pass and protect the tricuspid valve may facilitate the ***:Multi-centre registry of patients who underwent transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation of the Venus p-valve using the GORE^(®) DrySeal Flex introducer sheath to facilitate passage of the valve to the right ventricular outflow *** success,time to valve implantation and radiation safety parameters were *** data were compared to a control group of subjects treated between July 2014 and May 2016 with the same valve but without the use of GORE^(®) ***:Between December 2016 and September 2018,the Venus p-valve was successfully deployed through the GORE^(®) DrySeal in 12 *** were no procedure-related *** a control group,10 subjects treated between July 2014 and May 2016 were *** procedure time was significantly shorter in the GORE^(®) DrySeal group compared to the control group 96±27 min vs.164±12 min(pp(24±11 min)when compared with the control group(32±14 min,ppreviously described techniques of implanting the Venus p-valve in the pulmonary position after surgical repair of congenital heart *** our experience,the GORE^(®) DrySeal sheath has considerably facilitated the procedure and reduced the potential risks.

关键词： Congenital heart disease percutaneous pulmonary valve

Discrete element modelling of the quasi-static uniaxial compression of individual infant formula agglomerates

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particuology 2012年第5期10卷 523-531页

作者： kevin J.Hanley Catherine O'Sullivan Edmond p.Byrne kevin Cronin Department of process and Chemical Engineering University College CorkCorkIreland Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Skempton BuildingImperial College LondonLondon SW7 2AZ United Kingdom

Infant formula is usually produced in an agglomerated powder form. These agglomerates are subjected to many transient forces following their manufacture. These can be difficult to quantify experimentally because of their small magnitudes and short durations, Numerical models have the potential to address this gap in the experimental data. The objective of the research described here was to calibrate a discrete element model for these agglomerates using experimental data obtained for quasi-static loading, and to use this model to study the mechanics of the particle response in detail. The Taguchi method was previously proposed as a viable calibration approach for discrete element models. In this work, the method was assessed for calibration of the model parameters （e.g., bond stiffnesses and strengths） considering three responses： the force at failure, strain at failure and agglomerate stiffness. The Weibull moduli for the simulation results and the experimental data were almost identical following calibration and the 37% characteristic stresses were similar. An analysis of the energy terms in the model provided useful insight into the model response. The bond energy and the normal force exerted on the platens were strongly correlated, and bond breakage events coincided with the highest energy dissipation rates.

关键词： Discrete element modellingUniaxial compressionQuasi-static crushingSimulationGranular materialsTaguchi methods

Use of sensory substitution devices as a model system for investigating cross-modal neuroplasticity in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1717-1719页

作者： Amy C.Nau Matthew C.murphy kevin C.Chan UpMC Eye Center Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Mc Gowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh Louis J.Fox Center for Vision Restoration University of Pittsburgh Department of Bioengineering Swanson School of Engineering University of Pittsburgh McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of Pittsburgh Carnegie Mellon University

Blindness provides an unparalleled opportunity to study plasticity of the nervous system in *** work in this area examined the often dramatic modifications to the visual cortex that result when visual input is completely absent from birth or very early in life（Kupers and ptito,2014）.More recent studies explored what happens to the visual pathways in the context of acquired *** is particularly relevant as the majority of diseases that cause vision loss occur in the elderly.

关键词： Use of sensory substitution devices as a model system for investigating cross-modal neuroplasticity in humans BOLD

Freeform spectrometer enabling increased compactness

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 646-655页

作者： Jacob Reimers Aaron Bauer kevin p Thompson Jannick p Rolland The Institute of Optics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA Synopsys Inc.3 Graywood LanePittsfordNY 14534USA

We present optical designs with freeform optics in the context of hyperspectral *** show designs that are 5×more compact in volume than similar designs using conventional spherical or aspherical *** will show how combining the concepts of spatial and spectral-band broadening,which will be introduced in this paper,led to the improvement in compactness that is uniquely enabled by freeform optics.

关键词： aberrations freeform optics imaging spectrometer

Culture-expanded mesenchymal stromal cell therapy: does it work in knee osteoarthritis? A pathway to clinical success

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第6期20卷 626-650页

作者： Grffn Copp kevin p.Robb Sowmya Viswanathan Osteoarthritis Research program Division of Orthopedic SurgerySchroeder Arthritis InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Krembil Research Institute University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Medicine Division of HematologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative multifactorial disease with concomitant structural,inflammatory,and metabolic changes that fluctuate in a temporal and patient-specific *** complexity has contributed to refractory responses to various *** have shown promise as multimodal therapeutics in mitigating OA symptoms and disease ***,we evaluated 15 randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)and 11 nonrandomized RCTs using culture-expanded MSCs in the treatment of knee OA,and we found net positive effects of MSCs on mitigating pain and symptoms(improving function in 12/15 RCTs relative to baseline and in 11/15 RCTs relative to control groups at study endpoints)and on cartilage protection and/or repair(18/21 clinical studies).We examined MsC dose,tissue of origin,and autologous *** origins as well as patient clinical phenotype,endotype,age,sex and level of OA severity as key parameters in parsing MSC clinical *** relatively small sample size of 610 patients limited the drawing of definitive ***,we noted trends toward moderate to higher doses of MsCs in select OA patient clinical phenotypes mitigating pain and leading to structural improvements or cartilage *** from preclinical studies is supportive of MsC anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects,but additional investigations on immunomodulatory,chondroprotective and other clinical mechanisms of action are *** hypothesize that MsC basal immunomodulatory"fitness"correlates with OA treatment efficacy,but this hypothesis needs to be validated in future *** conclude with a roadmap articulating the need to match an OA patient subset defined by molecular endotype and clinical phenotype with basally immunomodulatory"ft"or engineered-to-be-fit-for-OA MsCs in well-designed,data-intensive clinical trials to advance the field.

关键词： MSC Osteoarthritis Cell therapy mesenchymal stromal cell RCT

Digestive retention times for Allen’s swamp monkey and L’Hoest’s monkey: data with implications for the evolution of cercopithecine digestive strategy

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 183-191页

作者： kevin p.BLAINE Joanna E.LAMBERT Department of Anesthesia Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Ecological Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

primates access energy from plant fiber via bacterial fermentation in either a modified forestomach(‘foregut’),a caecocolic(‘hindgut’)chamber of the large intestine,or *** digestive retention times allow for more complete fermentation;as such,primates that consume an herbivorous diet high in fiber are expected to have both relatively and absolutely longer retention times than those mammals that rely on more readily digestible plant foods,such as *** used particulate markers to measure the digestive retention times of captive Allen’s swamp monkeys[Allenopithecus nigroviridis(pocock,1907)](n=3)and L’Hoest’s monkey(Cercopithecus lhoesti ***,1899)(n=2).Results indicate mean retention times of 23.2-29.4 h and 23.2-24.0 h for *** and ***,*** from this study,in combination with previously published data on digestive retention times in other primate species,indicate that cercopithecines differ from other primate taxa by having lengthier retention times that can be predicted by body mass *** data are consistent with the hypothesis that relatively lengthy retention times are a primitive trait for Cercopithecinae.

关键词： Cercopithecinae digestive retention time evolution of diet fermentation plant fiber

A thermodynamic perspective on electrode poisoning in solid oxide fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1449-1455页

作者： kevin Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA

A critical challenge to the commercialization of clean and high-efficiency solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)technology is the insuf-ficient stack lifespan caused by a variety of degradation mechanisms,which are associated with cell components and chemical *** components related degradation refers to thermal/chemical/electrochemical deterioration of cell materials under operating conditions,whereas the latter regards impurities in feedstocks of oxidant(air)and reductant(fuel).This article provides a thermodynamic perspective on the understanding of the impurities-induced degradation mechanisms in *** discussion focuses on using thermodynamic ana-lysis to elucidate poisoning mechanisms in cathodes by impurity species such as Cr,CO_(2),H_(2)O,and SO_(2) and in the anode by species such as S(or H_(2)S),SiO_(2),and p_(2)(or pH_(3)).The author hopes the presented fundamental insights can provide a theoretical foundation for search-ing for better technical solutions to address the critical degradation challenges.

关键词： impurities air fuel reaction activity