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Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 520-535页

作者： Qing Yang jing Liu kelsy j.robinson Melanie A.Whitmore Sydney N.Stewart Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceFayettevilleARUSA Safety and Security Division Institute for Public ResearchCNAArlingtonVAUSA

Background:Intestinal microbiota is critical for maintaining animal health and ***,involvement of the fungal community,also known as the mycobiota,in animal health and disease is poorly *** study was aimed to examine the association between the intestinal mycobiota and the severity of necrotic enteritis(NE),an economically significant poultry ***:A total of 90 day-of-hatch Cobb broilers were infected with Eimeria maxima on d 10,followed by an oral challenge with *** on d 14 to induce NE,while another 10 broilers were served as mock-infected *** d 17,the lesions in the jejunum were scored,and the ileal digesta were subjected to DNA isolation and real-time PCR quantification of total bacterial and fungi *** transcribed spacer 2(ITS2)amplicon sequencing was also performed to profile the ileal mycobiota *** in the ileal mycobiota in response to NE were *** correlation analysis was further conducted to identify the correlations between relative abundances of individual ileal fungi and the severity of ***:While the total bacterial population in the ileum was increased by 2-to 3-fold in NE chickens,the total fungal population was progressively declined in more exacerbated NE,with the most severely infected chickens showing a nearly 50-fold reduction relative to mock-infected *** of the ileal mycobiota also tended to reduce in chickens with NE(P=0.06).Compositionally,among 30 most abundant fungal amplicon sequence variants(ASVs),11 were diminished and 7 were enriched(P0.05).Multiple Wallemia and Aspergillus species were markedly diminished in NE(P<0.05)and also showed a significant negative correlation with NE severity(P<0.05).Conclusions:Dysbiosis of the ileal mycobiota is induced evidently by NE and the extent of the dysbiosis is positively correlated with disease ***

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance C.perfringens Dysbiosis ITS sequencing Microbiome Mycobiota Necrotic enteritis Poultry

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Dietary modulation of endogenous host defense peptide synthesis as an alternative approach to in-feed antibiotics

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 160-169页

作者： kelsy robinson Xi Ma Yulan Liu Shiyan Qiao Yongqing Hou Guolong Zhang Department of Animal Science Oklahoma State University State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural University Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceWuhan Polytechnic University

Traditionally, antibiotics are included in animal feed at subtherapeutic levels for growth promotion and disease ***, recent links between in-feed antibiotics and a rise in antibiotic-resistant pathogens have led to a ban of all antibiotics in livestock production by the European Union in january 2006 and a removal of medically important antibiotics in animal feeds in the United States in january *** urgent need arises for antibiotic alternatives capable of maintaining animal health and productivity without triggering antimicrobial *** defense peptides(HDP) are a critical component of the animal innate immune system with direct antimicrobial and immunomodulatory *** in-feed supplementation of recombinant or synthetic HDP appears to be effective in maintaining animal performance and alleviating clinical symptoms in the context of disease, dietary modulation of the synthesis of endogenous host defense peptides has emerged as a cost-effective,antibiotic-alternative approach to disease control and *** different classes of smallmolecule compounds have been found capable of promoting HDP *** the most efficacious compounds are butyrate and vitamin ***, butyrate and vitamin D synergize with each other in enhancing HDP *** review will focus on the regulation of HDP synthesis by butyrate and vitamin D in humans, chickens, pigs, and cattle and argue for potential application of HDP-inducing compounds in antibiotic-free livestock production.

关键词： Host defense peptides Antibiotic alternatives Butyrate Vitamin D Antibiotics

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Linkage between the intestinal microbiota and residual feed intake in broiler chickens

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1073-1088页

作者： jing Liu Sydney N.Stewart kelsy robinson Qing Yang Wentao Lyu Melanie A.Whitmore Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research Service(ARS)FayettevilleARUSA Institute of Quality and Standards for Agro-products Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina

Background:Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in nutrient digestion and utilization with a profound impact on feed efficiency of livestock ***,the intestinal microbes that are critically involved in feed efficiency remain ***:To identify intestinal bacteria associated with residual feed intake(RFI)in chickens,male Cobb broiler chicks were individually housed from day 14 to day *** RFI values were calculated for 56 *** contents were collected from the ileum,cecum,and cloaca of each animal on day *** DNA was isolated and subjected to 16S rRNA gene *** microbiota was classified to the feature level using Deblur and QIIME *** and low RFI groups were formed by selecting 15 and 17 chickens with the most extreme RFI values for subsequent LEfSe comparison of the difference in the *** correlation analysis was further performed to identify correlations between the intestinal microbiota composition and ***:No significant difference in evenness,richness,and overall diversity of the microbiota in the ileum,cecum,or cloaca was observed between high and low RFI ***,LEfSe analysis revealed a number of bacterial features being differentially enriched in either high or low RFI *** correlation analysis further identified many differentially enriched bacterial features to be significantly correlated with RFI(P<0.05).Importantly,not all short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)producers showed a positive association with *** two novel members of Oscillibacter and Butyricicoccus were more abundant in low-RFI,high-efficiency chickens,several other SCFA producers such as Subdoligranulum variabile and two related Peptostreptococcaceae members were negatively associated with feed ***,a few closely-related Lachnospiraceae family members showed a positive correlation with feed efficiency,while others of the same family displayed an opposite relationship.C

关键词： Feed conversion ratio Feed efficiency Microbiota Poultry Residual feed intake

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Butyrate in combination with forskolin alleviates necrotic enteritis,increases feed efficiency,and improves carcass composition of broilers

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1115-1125页

作者： Qing Yang Binlong Chen kelsy robinson Thiago Belem Wentao Lyu Zhuo Deng Ranjith Ramanathan Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA College of Animal Science Xichang UniversityXichangSichuanChina Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit USDA–Agricultural Research Service(ARS)FayettevilleARUSA State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Agro-product Safety and NutritionZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for ChildrenDallasTXUSA.

Background:The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has necessitated the development of effective alternatives to antibiotics for livestock and poultry *** study investigated a possible synergy between butyrate and forskolin(a natural labdane diterpene)in enhancing innate host defense,barrier function,disease resistance,growth performance,and meat quality of ***:The expressions of representative genes involved in host defense(AvBD9 and AvBD10),barrier function(MUC2,CLDN1,and TjP1),and inflammation(IL-1β)were measured in chicken HD11 macrophages in response to butyrate and forskolin in the presence or absence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides(LPS).Intestinal lesions and the Clostridium perfringens titers were also assessed in ***-challenged chickens fed butyrate and forskolincontaining Coleus forskohlii(CF)extract individually or in ***,growth performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated in broilers supplemented with butyrate and the CF extract for 42 ***:Butyrate and forskolin synergistically induced the expressions of AvBD9,AvBD10,and MUC2 in chicken HD11 cells(P<0.05)and the synergy was maintained in the presence of *** and forskolin also suppressed LPS-induced IL-1βgene expression in HD11 cells in a synergistic manner(P<0.05).The two compounds significantly reduced the intestinal lesions of ***-challenged chickens when combined(P<0.05),but not ***,butyrate in combination with forskolin-containing CF extract had no influence on weight gain,but significantly reduced feed intake(P<0.05)with a strong tendency to improve feed efficiency(P=0.07)in a 42-d feeding ***,the butyrate/forskolin combination significantly decreased abdominal fat deposition(P=0.01)with no impact on the carcass yield,breast meat color,drip loss,or pH of d-42 ***:Butyrate and forskolin has potential to be developed as novel antibiotic alternatives to improve

关键词： Antibiotic alternatives Butyrate Forskolin Necrotic enteritis Poultry

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广告披露对网红信任与品牌态度的影响研究——基于有中介的调节效应模型的考察

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新闻大学 2022年第9期 103-116,121页

作者：汪让段秋婷 kelsy-Ann Adams 华中科技大学新闻与信息传播学院湖北武汉430074 复旦大学新闻学院上海200433 美国佛罗里达大学新闻与传播学院盖恩斯维尔32611

网红营销领域有关广告披露的问题尚存在一定争议,基于说服知识模型和关系发展视角的研究给出了相悖的结论,广告披露对受众品牌态度究竟具有何种影响仍未可知。据此,本研究通过实验法探讨受众面临广告披露时两极化路径(即抵制路径和接受... 详细信息

网红营销领域有关广告披露的问题尚存在一定争议,基于说服知识模型和关系发展视角的研究给出了相悖的结论,广告披露对受众品牌态度究竟具有何种影响仍未可知。据此,本研究通过实验法探讨受众面临广告披露时两极化路径(即抵制路径和接受路径)的形成机制。结果表明,广告披露对品牌态度无直接影响,但是会通过网红动机归因和网红信任度的链式中介效应对品牌态度产生作用。广告素养负向调节了广告披露对网红动机归因的作用效果,并和动机归因在很大程度上影响了他们对广告披露意义的解读。因此,引导受众积极地看待网红营销的商业属性,并建立良好的客户关系,是网红营销成功的核心所在。

关键词：网红营销广告披露动机归因广告素养说服信息

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