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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1460-1468页

作者： kazuhiko Fujita Yoji Kanda Takashi Hosono Department of Physics and Earth Sciences University of the RyukyusOkinawa903-0213Japan Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the RyukyusOkinawa903-0213Japan Japan Agency for marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAmSTEC) Global Oceanographic Data Center(GODAC)Kanagawa236-0001Japan

Cycloclypeus carpenteri is the largest extant benthic foraminifer,dwelling in the deep euphotic zone(a water depth between 60 and 130 m)of the warm oligotrophic Indo-West *** foraminifer harbors diatom endosymbionts and the foraminifer-microalgal association acts like a *** verify that light is an important limiting factor controlling the vertical(depth)distribution of living Cycloclypeus holobionts,their physiological responses to light intensity were examined by short-term metabolic measurements and long-term *** oxygen production(OP)rates measured under different light levels using an oxygen microelectrode indicate that Cycloclypeus holobionts are daily net primary producers adapted to low light levels,with slight photoinhibition(reduced net OP rates relative to a light-saturated rate)over 100μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1).Long-term growth increments of asexually reproduced juveniles incubated for two months at different light levels ranging from 0 to 100μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1) show that Cycloclypeus holobionts are adapted to a low light level(∼5μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1)),but can be acclimatized to a certain low light ranges(mol photons m^(−2)s^(−1)).These experimental results confirm that light is an important environmental gradient affecting the vertical distribution of Cycloclypeus holobionts.

关键词： algal symbiosis diatom large benthic foraminifer oxygen production photosynthesis

Variability in salt flux and water circulation in Ota River Estuary, Japan

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Water Science and Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 283-295页

作者： mohammad SOLTANIASL Kiyosi KAWANISI Junki YANO kazuhiko ISHIKAWA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University

In this study the sub-tidal and intra-tidal variations of salt fluxes in the upstream section of a shallow estuary （with a water depth of less than 3 m） were investigated. The salt fluxes were estimated based on the cross-sectional average salinity and velocity measured by the fluvial acoustic tomography system （FATS）. The results indicate that the magnitude of seaward fluxes is approximately two times greater than that of landward fluxes under normal conditions. The results of short-term observation in the study area indicate that there is a phase lag of the bottom and surface salinities between the regions with the largest and smallest depths. The vertical shear flux with a peak value of-0.7 m2/s during the ebb tide indicated an important contribution to the total salt flux compared with the advective flux. A phase lag occurred between the vertical shear terms in the regions with the largest and smallest depths, which resulted from the correlation between the vertical variations of the salinity and velocity and the existence of transversal velocity circulations.

关键词： salt flux circulation fluvial acoustic tomography system (FATS) Ota River Estuary

Hydraulic model tests for evaluating sediment control function with a grid-type Sabo dam in mountainous torrents

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第4期28卷 511-522页

作者： Takahiro ITOH Shigeo HORIUCHI Takahisa mIZUYAmA kazuhiko KAITSUKA NIPPON KOEI Co. Ltd Pasco Corporation Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University NIPPON KOEI Co. Ltd.

There are two kinds of Sabo dams in order to control sediment transport by debris flow and flash floods in mountainous area,which arc closed and open-type’s *** Japan,open-type’s Sabo dams are constructed taking into account the continuity of sediment routing from upstream to downstream reach in a basin.A plan to construct a 20 m high grid-type Sabo dam which can capture a sediment volume of 400,000 nr is proposed in the Amahata river basin in *** model tests are conducted to decide on the section for a dam(Section A,B) and the grid size such as clearance of vertical/horizontal bars for evaluating the *** runs of flume tests are conducted and the sediment control function of the Sabo dam is discussed using several experimental data such as dimensionlcss sediment runoff rate from Sabo dam,temporal changes of bed profile and mean diameter and so *** was found that sediment deposition in sediment storage area of Sabo dam was affected by curved channel,and that next the grid size of steel bars and thirdly the section of a dam was able to capture sediment in storage area of Sabo *** was controlled well in the section B and in the grid size of l.0×d95,and the problems related to sediment runoff after sediment capturing in Sabo dam are pointed out.

关键词： Hydraulic model tests Debris flow Grid-type Sabo dam Sediment storage

Practical Use of Transient Elastography in Screening for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in a Japanese Population

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第2期7卷 127-131页

作者： Haruka Hirono kazuhiko Watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa Shogo Ohkoshi Department of Internal medicine The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at NiigataChuo-kuNiigataJapan

Background and Aims:Fatty infiltration of liver may induce insulin resistance(IR),and a proportion of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is diagnosed with nonalcoholic *** elastography is gaining popularity as a means of non-invasively determining both liver stiffness(fibrosis level)and degree of fatty infiltration,expressed as controlled attenuation parameter(CAP)***:The aims of this study were to investigate the association between IR and level of fatty liver,and to identify the group at a greater risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using transient elastography and other noninvasive fibrosis markers.A total of 169 patients without chronic hepatitis B and C were ***:The CAP value was significantly associated with IR(HOmA-IR≥2.5;AUROC=0.81),and the optimal cut-off to discriminate IR was 264 dB/*** liver stiffness measurement and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index values were significantly higher for CAP≥264 than in CAPmong the overall 169 patients(5.3%)and among the 102 NAFLD patients(8.8%)who showed≥264 dB and≥7.0 kPa in transient elastography could represent good candidates for liver ***:Evaluation of NAFLD based on CAP values was useful in diagnosing *** 9%of NAFLD patients in a Japanese outpatient clinic with a few metabolic complications might be considered good candidates for liver biopsy to confirm nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

关键词： NAFLD Insulin resistance NASH Transient elastography CAP Fibrosis marker

Thermochemical Nonequilibrium 2D modeling of Nitrogen Inductively Coupled Plasma Flow

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第9期17卷 749-760页

作者： YU minghao Yusuke TAKAHASHI Hisashi KIHARA Ken-ichi ABE kazuhiko YAmADA Takashi ABE Satoshi mIYATANI Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Division of mechanical and Space Engineering Hokkaido University Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics The University of Tokyo

Two-dimensional（2D） numerical simulations of thermochemical nonequilibrium inductively coupled plasma（ICP） flows inside a 10-kW inductively coupled plasma wind tunnel（ICPWT） were carried out with nitrogen as the working *** axisymmetric NavierStokes（N-S） equations coupled with magnetic vector potential equations were solved.A fourtemperature model including an improved electron-vibration relaxation time was used to model the internal energy exchange between electron and heavy *** third-order accuracy electron transport properties（3rd AETP） were applied to the simulations.A hybrid chemical kinetic model was adopted to model the chemical nonequilibrium *** flow characteristics such as thermal nonequilibrium,inductive discharge,effects of Lorentz force were made clear through the present *** was clarified that the thermal nonequilibrium model played an important role in properly predicting the temperature *** prediction accuracy can be improved by applying the 3rd AETP to the simulation for this ICPWT.

关键词： inductively coupled plasma nonequilibrium electron transport properties,magnetic vector potential

Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第19期9卷 5112-5125页

作者： Haruka Hirono kazuhiko Watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa masaki Kohno Shuji Terai Shogo Ohkoshi Department of Internal medicine The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at NiigataNiigata 951-8580Japan The Center for Dental Sleep medicine The Nippon Dental University Niigata HospitalNiigata 951-8580Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigata 951-8510Japan

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)has been suggested as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)is the first-line therapy for *** To clarify the efficacy of effective CPAP therapy on NAFLD of OSA patients by serum markers and transient elastography(TE)using FibroScan®(Echosens,Paris,France).mETHODS We prospectively enrolled 123 consecutive patients with OSA who met the indications for *** fibrosis and steatosis were assessed using *** and after 6 mo of CPAP therapy,serum markers and TE were assessed for all *** mean usage rate of CPAP therapy for 6 mo was arbitrarily calculated in each patient and expressed as“mean compliance index”(m-CI).RESULTS In 50 OSA patients with NAFLD,both aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were significantly decreased after 6 mo of CPAP *** analysis showed that decreased body weight(BW),decreased body mass index(BmI),decreased AST level,decreased hemoglobin A1c,and high m-CI were significantly related with improved ALT *** multivariate regression model adjusted for quantities of BW change during 6 mo of CPAP therapy,high m-CI tended to improve ALT level(P=0.051).All 17 OSA patients with NAFLD,high m-CI and no BmI changes showed significant improvements in AST and ALT ***,no significant changes in TE data or serum fibrosis markers were *** Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW *** those cases,adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obstructive sleep apnea Continuous positive airway pressure Chronic intermittent hypoxia Transient elastography

Circulating RNAs as new biomarkers for detecting pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第28期21卷 8527-8540页

作者： Takahiro Kishikawa motoyuki Otsuka motoko Ohno Takeshi Yoshikawa Akemi Takata kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO

Pancreatic cancer remains difficult to treat and has a high mortality *** is difficult to diagnose early mainly due to the lack of screening imaging modalities and specific ***,it is important to develop biomarkers that enable the detection of early stage *** evidence is accumulating that tumor cells release substantial amounts of RNA into the bloodstream that strongly resist RNases in the blood and are present at sufficient levels for quantitative *** circulating RNAs are upregulated in the serum and plasma of cancer patients,including those with pancreatic cancer,compared with healthy *** majority of RNA biomarker studies have assessed circulating microRNAs(miRs),which are often *** are few reports of the tumorspecific upregulation of other types of small noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs),such as small nucleolar RNAs and Piwi-interacting *** ncRNAs(IncRNAs),such as HOTAIR and mALAT1,in the serum/plasma of pancreatic cancer patients have also been reported as diagnostic and prognostic *** tissuederived RNAs,some miRs show increased expression even in pre-cancerous tissues,and their expression profiles may allow for the discrimination between a chronic inflammatory state and ***,some miRs and IncRNAs have been reported with significant alterations in expression according to disease progression,and they may thus represent potential candidate diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers that may be used to evaluate patients once detection methods in peripheral blood are well ***,recent innovations in high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled the discovery of unannotated tumor-associated ncRNAs and tumor-specific alternative splicing as novel and specific biomarkers of *** much work is required to clarify the release mechanism,origin of tumor-specific circulating RNAs,and selectivity of carrier complexes,and technical advances must also be

关键词： microRNA Non-coding RNA Pancreaticcancer Biomarkers Early detection

Inflammation and de-differentiation in pancreatic carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第15期6卷 882-891页

作者： Takahiro Seimiya motoyuki Otsuka Takuma Iwata Eri Tanaka Tatsunori Suzuki Kazuma Sekiba mari Yamagami Rei Ishibashi kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo

Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis. Chronic pancreatitis is a well-known risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Inflammation is thought to influence carcinogenesis through DNA damage and activation of intracellular signaling pathways. many transcription factors and signaling pathways co-operate to determine and maintain cell identity at each phase of pancreatic organogenesis and cell differentiation. Recent studies have shown that carcinogenesis is promoted through the suppression of transcription factors related to differentiation. Pancreatitis also demonstrates transcriptional changes, suggesting that multifactorial epigenetic changes lead to impaired differentiation. Taken together, these factors may constitute an important framework for pancreatic carcinogenesis. In this review, we discuss the role of inflammation and de-differentiation in the development of pancreatic cancer, as well as the future of novel therapeutic applications.

关键词： Pancreatitis Inflammation Organogenesis Differentiation Transcription factor Pancreatic cancer

Fibrinogen degradation product levels on arrival for trauma patients requiring a transfusion even without head injury

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2017年第2期8卷 106-109页

作者： Youichi Yanagawa Kouhci Ishikawa Kci Jitsuiki Toshihiko Yoshizawa Yasumasa Oodc kazuhiko Omori Hiromichi Ohsaka Department of Acute Critical Care medicine Shizuoka HospitalJuntendo UniversityNagaoka Izunokuni City ShizuokaJapan

BACKGROUND: There have been few reports on the clinical significance of the fibrinogen degradation product(FDP) level in trauma patients with and without head injury. We retrospectively analyzed trauma patients with or without head injury to investigate the clinical signifi cance of the FDP ***: From April 2013 to June 2015, a medical chart review was retrospectively performed for all patients with trauma. The exclusion criteria included patients who did not receive a transfusion. The patients were divided into two groups: a FDP>100 group, which included patients who had an FDP level on arrival over 100 ng/m L, and a FDP≤100 ***: The ratio of open fractures and the prothrombin ratio in the FDP>100 group were significantly smaller than those observed in the FDP≤100 group. The average age, ratio of blunt injury, Injury Severity Score(ISS), volume of transfusion and mortality ratio in the FDP>100 group were signifi cantly greater than those in the FDP≤100 group. There was a weakly positive correlation between the FDP level and ISS(R=0.35, P=0.002), but it was not associated with the transfusion volume. The results of an analysis excluding patients with head injury showed a similar ***: The FDP levels may be a useful biochemical parameter for the initial evaluation of the severity of trauma and mortality even in blunt traumatized patients without head injury or with stable vital signs.

关键词： Fibrinogen degradation product Injury Severity Score Transfusion mortality

Kidney GATA3^(+) regulatory T cells play roles in the convalescence stage after antibody-mediated renal injury

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1249-1261页

作者： Ryota Sakai minako Ito Kyoko Komai mana Iizuka-Koga kazuhiko m.tsuo Takashi Nakayama Osamu Yoshie Koichi Amano Hiroshi Nishimasu Osamu Nureki masato Kubo Akihiko Yoshimura Department of microbiology and Immunology Keio University School of Medicine35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo160-8582Japan Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical University1981 KamodaKawagoe350-8550Japan medical Institute of Bioregulation Kyushu University 3-1-1 MaidashiHigashi-kuFukuoka812-8582Japan Division of Chemotherapy Kindai University Faculty of PharmacyHigashi-Osaka577-8502Japan The Health and Kampo Institute SendaiMiyagi981-3205Japan Department of Biological Science Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan Center for Animal Disease models Research Institute for Biomedical ScienceTokyo University of Science2669 YamazakiNoda-shiChiba278-0022Japan

FoxP3^(+)regulatory T cells(Tregs)play crucial roles in peripheral immune *** addition,Tregs that reside or accumulate in nonlymphoid tissues,called tissue Tregs,exhibit tissue-specific functions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and *** an experimental mouse model of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by an anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody,Tregs started to accumulate in the kidney on day 10 of disease onset and remained at high levels(~30–35%of CD4^(+)T cells)during the late stage(days 21–90),which correlated with stable disease *** depletion on day 21 resulted in the relapse of renal dysfunction and an increase in Th1 cells,suggesting that Tregs are essential for disease control during the convalescence *** Tregs that accumulated in the kidney showed tissue Treg phenotypes,including high expression of GATA3,ST2(the IL33 receptor subunit),amphiregulin(Areg),and PPARγ.Although T-bet^(+) Tregs and RORγt^(+) Tregs were observed in the kidney,GATA3^(+) Tregs were predominant during the convalescence stage,and a PPARγagonist enhanced the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the *** understand the function of specific genes in kidney Tregs,we developed a novel T cell transfer system to T cell-deficient *** experiment demonstrates that ST2,Areg,and CCR4 in Tregs play important roles in the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the kidney and in the amelioration of renal *** data suggest that GATA3 is important for the recruitment of Tregs into the kidney,which is necessary for convalescence after renal tissue destruction.

关键词： Tissue Tregs autoantibody GATA3 kidney IL-33