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Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemetherlumefantrine on malaria-associated anaemia in Nigerian children aged two years and under

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 622-635页

作者： Akintunde Sowunmi kazeem akano Adejumoke I.Ayede Godwin Ntadom Elsie O.Adewoye Bayo Fatunmbi Temitope Aderoyeje Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute for Medical Research and Training University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Malaria Elimination Programme Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Department of Physiology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western PacificPhnom PenhCambodia Department of Clinical Pharmacology University College HospitalIbadanNigeria

Background:Artemisinin-based combination therapies are recommended as first-line treatments for uncomplicated falciparum malaria,but there is little evaluation of their efficacy and effects on uncomplicated malaria-associated anaemia in children aged 2 years and under.Methods:Parasitological efficacy and effects on malaria-associated anaemia were evaluated in 250 malarious children aged 2 years and under,and efficacy was evaluated in 603 malarious children older than two but younger than 5 years of age following treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine(AA)or artemether-lumefantrine(AL).Kinetics of the disposition of parasitaemia following treatment were evaluated using a non-compartment model.Late-appearing anaemia(LAA)was diagnosed using the following criteria:clearance of parasitaemia,fever and other symptoms occurring within 7 days of starting treatment,adequate clinical and parasitological response on days 28–42,haematocrit(HCT)≥30%at 1 and/or 2 weeks,a fall in HCT to<30%occurring at 3–6 weeks,absence of concomitant illness at 1–6 weeks,and absence of asexual parasitaemia detected using both microscopy and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)at 1–6 weeks.Results:Overall,in children aged 2 years and under,the PCR-corrected parasitological efficacy was 97.2%(95%CI 92.8–101.6),which was similar for both treatments.In children older than 2 years,parasitological efficacy was also similar for both treatments,but parasite prevalence 1 day after treatment began was significantly higher,and fever and parasite clearance times were significantly faster in the AA-treated children compared with the AL-treated children.Declines in parasitaemia were monoexponential with an estimated elimination half-time of 1 h.Elimination half-times were similar for both treatments.In children aged 2 years and under who were anaemic at presentation,the mean anaemia recovery time was 12.1 days(95%CI 10.6–13.6,n=127),which was similar for both treatments.Relatively asymptomatic LAA occurred in 11 children(4.4%)aged 2 years and under,the recovery from

关键词： Falciparum malaria Malaria-related anaemia Young children Artemisinin-based combination therapies Nigeria

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Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemisinin-based combination treatments on uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria-associated anaemia in Nigerian children during seven years of adoption as first-line treatments

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 315-334页

作者： Akintunde Sowunmi kazeem akano Godwin Ntadom Adejumoke I.Ayede Folasade O.Ibironke Temitope Aderoyeje Elsie O.Adewoye Bayo Fatunmbi Stephen Oguche Henrietta U.Okafor Ismaila Watila Martin Meremikwu Philip Agomo William Ogala Chimere Agomo Onikepe A.Folarin Grace O.Gbotosho Christian T.Happi Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute for Medical Research and Training College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria National Malaria Elimination Programme Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Clinical Pharmacology University College HospitalIbadanNigeria Department of Physiology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western PacificKhan Daun PenhPhnom PenhCambodia Department of Paediatrics University of JosJosNigeria Department of Paediatrics Institute of Child HealthUniversity of Nigeria Teaching HospitalEnuguNigeria Department of Paediatrics Specialist HospitalMaiduguriBorno SateNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of CalabarCalabarCross Rivers StateNigeria Nigeria Institute of Medical Research YabaLagosNigeria Department of Paediatrics Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Biological Sciences Redeemer’s UniversityEdeOsun StateNigeria

Background:Artemisinin-based combination treatments(ACTs)are the first-line treatments of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in many endemic areas but there are few evaluation of their efficacy in anaemic malarious children.Methods:Therapeutic efficacy of 3-day regimens of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine was evaluated in 437 anaemic and 909 non-anaemic malarious children following treatment during a seven-year period(2008-2014).Patterns of temporal changes in haematocrit were classified based on haematocrit values<30%and≥30%.Kinetics of the disposition of the deficit in haematocrit from 30%following treatment were evaluated using a non-compartment model.Results:PCR-corrected parasitological efficacy 28 days after start of treatment was significantly higher in artesunateamodiaquine-compared to artemether-lumefantrine-treated children[97%(95%CI:92.8-100)versus 96.4%(95%CI:91.3-99.4),P=0.02],but it was similar in non-anaemic and anaemic children.Fall in haematocrit/1000 asexual parasites cleared from peripheral blood was significantly greater at lower compared to higher parasitaemias(P<0.0001),and in non-anaemic compared to anaemic children(P=0.007).In anaemic children at presentation,mean anaemia recovery time(AnRT)was 15.4 days(95%CI:13.3-17.4)and it did not change over the years.Declines in haematocrit deficits from 30%were monoexponential with mean estimated half-time of 1.4 days(95%CI:1.2-1.6).Anaemia half-time(t_(1/2anaemia))correlated positively with AnRT in the same patients(r=0.69,P<0.0001).Bland-Altman analysis of 10 multiples of t_(1/2anaemia) and AnRT showed narrow limit of agreement with insignificant bias(P=0.07)suggesting both can be used interchangeably in the same patients.Conclusions:Artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine remain efficacious treatments of uncomplicated P.falciparum infections in non-anaemic and anaemic Nigerian children in the last 7 years of adoption as first-line treatments.These ACTs may also conserve haematocrit at high parasitaemias and i

关键词： Malaria-associated anaemia “Haematocrit conservation” Artemisinin-based combination treatments Children Nigeria

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A new method to evaluate integrated production system capacity in oil fields

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第3期50卷 665-674页

作者： YADUA Asekhame U. LAWAL kazeem A. Nigerian Petroleum Development Company(NPDC) Benin City 300102Nigeria FIRST Exploration and Petroleum Development Company(FIRST E&P) Lagos 101233Nigeria

To improve the design and management of an integrated production system(IPS),a set of mathematical models and workflows are developed for evaluating the capacity of an IPS at steady-state conditions.Combining the conservation laws with applicable multiphase fluid and choke models,these mathematical models are solved to characterize the hydraulics of an integrated system of reservoir,wells,chokes,flowlines,and separator at steady state.The controllable variables such as well count,choke size and separator pressure are adjusted to optimize the performance of the IPs at a specific time.It is found that increasing the well count can increase the bulk flow rate of the production network,but too many wells may increase the manifold pressure,leading to decline of single-well production.Increasing the choke size can improve the capacity of the IPs.The production of the IPs is negatively correlated with the separator pressure.With increasing separator pressure and decreasing choke size,the increment of total fluid production(the capacity of IPS)induced by increasing well count decreases.Validation tests with field examples show a maximum absolute deviation is 1.5%,demonstrating the robustness and validity of the proposed mathematical models and workflows.

关键词： integrated production system modelling integrated production system capacity productivity evaluation production optimization nodal analysis

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How consultation-relational empathy and demographics influence satisfaction with primary antenatal health care:evidence from rural Nigeria

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Global Health Journal 2022年第4期6卷 192-197页

作者： Ajibola A.Ishola Kolawole Lateef kazeem Department of Psychology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Sociology College of Management and Social ScienceFountain UniversityOsogboNigeria

Objectives:This study aims to explore the role of consultation and relational empathy(CARE)and socio-demographic profile as predictors of patients'satisfaction among pregnant women attending antenatal care(ANC)in selected public primary health facilities in rural sub-districts of Saki,Oyo State,Nigeria.Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 582 pregnant women in four primary health centers.Expectant mothers responded to a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics,clinic visitation,CARE,and patients'satisfaction.All data was analyzed using descriptive,univariate and multivariate statistical tools.P<0.05 level was considered statistically significance.Results:Findings revealed that the participants had a mean age of 23.15±5.23 years.The pattern of patients'satisfaction revealed that 13.40%(78/582)were highly satisfied with the health care received compared to 86.60%(504/582)with moderate to low satisfaction ratings with ANC.Highly satisfied patients placed higher value on technical quality,interpersonal relation,communication,financial aspects,time spent and accessibility convenience(P=0.001).Multiple linear regression model indicated that relational empathy(β=0.28,P<0.001),2nd trimester of pregnancy(β=0.13,P=0.01),age categories of 30-<40 years(β=-0.12,P=0.02),and 40-<50 years(β=-0.11,P=0.04),religious affiliation(β=0.10,P=0.03)predicted satisfaction with ANC.Conclusion:Low patients'satisfaction with antenatal healthcare services resulting from hostile attitudes from health workers has implication for the delivery and acceptability of services offered to eradicate maternal mor-tality globally.Thus,regular training and re-training of health care personnel in frequent contact and interaction with patients will go a long way in reducing untoward work attitude and maternal mortality in rural ANC centers globally.

关键词： Consultation and relational empathy Patients'satisfaction Antenatal care(ANC) Pregnant women

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Parasite reduction ratio one day after initiation of artemisinin-based combination therapies and its relationship with parasite clearance time in acutely malarious children

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1270-1283页

作者： kazeem akano Godwin Ntadom Chimere Agomo Christian T.Happi Onikepe A.Folarin Grace O.Gbotosho Olugbenga Mokuolu Finomo Finomo Joy C.Ebenebe Nma Jiya Jose Ambe Robinson Wammanda George Emechebe Oluwabunmi K.Basorun Olubunmi A.Wewe Sikiru Amoo Nnenna Ezeigwe Stephen Oguche Bayo Fatunmbi Akintunde Sowunmi Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Antimalarial Therapeutic Efficacy Monitoring Group National Malaria Elimination ProgrammeThe Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science University of LagosLagosNigeria Department of Biological Sciences and African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases(ACEGID) Redeemer UniversityEdeNigeria Institute for Medical Research and Training University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of IlorinIlorinNigeria Department of Paediatrics Federal Medical CentreYenagoaNigeria Department of Paediatrics Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaNigeria Department of Paediatrics Uthman Dan Fodio UniversitySokotoNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of MaiduguriMaiduguriNigeria Department of Paediatrics Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Paediatrics Imo State University Teaching HospitalOrluNigeria Department of Paediatrics University of JosJosNigeria World Health Organization Country OfficeKampalaUganda

Background:In acute falciparum malaria,asexual parasite reduction ratio two days post-treatment initiation(PRRD2)≥10000 per cycle has been used as a measure of the rapid clearance of parasitaemia and efficacy of artemisinin derivatives.However,there is little evaluation of alternative measures;for example,parasite reduction ratio one day after treatment initiation(PRRD1)and its relationship with parasite clearance time(PCT)or PRRD2.This study evaluated the use of PRRD1 as a measure of responsiveness to antimalarial drugs.Methods:In acutely malarious children treated with artesunate-amodiaquine(AA),artemether-lumefantrine(AL)or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine(DHP),the relationships between PRRD1 or PRRD2 and PCT,and between PRRD1 and PRRD2 were evaluated using linear regression.Agreement between estimates of PCT using PRRD1 and PRRD2 linear regression equations was evaluated using the Bland-Altman analysis.Predictors of PRRD1>5000 per half cycle and PRRD2≥10000 per cycle were evaluated using stepwise multiple logistic regression models.Using the linear regression equation of the relationship between PRRD1 and PCT previously generated in half of the DHP-treated children during the early study phase,PCT estimates were compared in a prospective blinded manner with PCTs determined by microscopy during the later study phase in the remaining half.Results:In 919 malarious children,PRRD1 was significantly higher in DHP-and AA-treated compared with AL-treated children(P15months,parasitaemia>10000/μl and DHP treatment independently predicted PRRD1>5000 per half cycle,while age>30months,haematocrit≥31%,body temperature>37.4°C,parasitaemia>100000/μl,PRRD1 value>1000 and no gametoc

关键词： Falciparum malaria Artemisinin-based combination therapies Parasite clearance Children Nigeria

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油田一体化生产系统产能评价方法

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石油勘探与开发 2023年第3期50卷 585-593页

作者： YADUA Asekhame U LAWAL kazeem A 尼日利亚石油开发公司(NPDC) 尼日利亚贝宁300102 第一石油勘探开发公司(FIRST E&P) 尼日利亚拉各斯101233

为了改进一体化生产系统的设计和管理,将守恒定律与多相流体模型、节流模型相结合,开发了用于评估一体化生产系统稳态条件下产能的数学模型和工作流程,通过求解数学模型来表征储集层、油井、油嘴、管汇、分离器一体化生产系统在稳定状... 详细信息

为了改进一体化生产系统的设计和管理,将守恒定律与多相流体模型、节流模型相结合,开发了用于评估一体化生产系统稳态条件下产能的数学模型和工作流程,通过求解数学模型来表征储集层、油井、油嘴、管汇、分离器一体化生产系统在稳定状态下的水力特征,将井数、油嘴尺寸和分离器压力视为可控变量,通过调控这些变量来优化某一时刻的一体化生产系统动态。研究发现:增加井数可以增大等效油管和等效管线的流量,但井数过高会使管汇压力升高,导致单井产量下降;增加油嘴尺寸可以提高一体化生产系统的产能;一体化生产系统的产量与分离器压力负相关,随着分离器压力的增加和油嘴尺寸的减小,井数增加带来的总产液量(一体化生产系统产能)增量将减少。现场实例验证结果显示,模型最大相对偏差为1.5%,证明了提出的数学模型和工作流程的正确性和有效性。

关键词：一体化生产系统建模一体化生产系统产能产能评价产量优化节点分析

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An incidental presentation of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome with secondary infertility:A case report

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第5期11卷 243-246页

作者： Abiola Omobonike Adekoya Adeniyi kazeem Akiseku Ayodeji Anike Olatunji Mojisola Adejoke Olusola-Bello Department of Radiology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching HospitalSagamuNigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching HospitalSagamuNigeria

Rationale:Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome,also known as obstructed hemi-vagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis(OHVIRA)syndrome,is a rare congenital anomaly of the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts.It is often asymptomatic until puberty and is usually misdiagnosed as infertility.Patient concerns:A 39-year-old woman desirous of pregnancy was referred to our radiodiagnosis unit for imaging evaluation on account of secondary infertility.Diagnosis:Incidental discovery of uterine bicornis bicollis and blind-ending hemivagina was noted at hysterosalpingography.Interventions:This necessitated the search for other genitourinary tract anomalies,and ipsilateral renal agenesis was also discovered.Outcomes:A diagnosis of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome was made.Lessons:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is considered the gold standard imaging modality for the assessment of uterine malformations.However,in resource-poor centers where MRI is unavailable,a heightened clinical suspicion with the combination of available imaging modalities is important and reliable in making an accurate diagnosis,hence,successful management.

关键词： Infertility Obstructed hemivagina Renal agenesis Uterus didelphys Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome

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Declining responsiveness of childhood Plasmodium falciparum infections to artemisinin-based combination treatments ten years following deployment as first-line antimalarials in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第4期8卷 96-97页

作者： Akintunde Sowunmi Godwin Ntadom kazeem akano Folasade O.Ibironke Adejumoke I.Ayede Chimere Agomo Onikepe A.Folarin Grace O.Gbotosho Christian Happi Stephen Oguche Henrietta U.Okafor Martin Meremikwu Philip Agomo William Ogala Ismaila Watila Olugbenga Mokuolu Finomo Finomo Joy C.Ebenebe Nma Jiya Jose Ambe Robinson Wammanda George Emechebe Wellington Oyibo Francis Useh Temitope Aderoyeje Titilope M.Dokunmu Omobolaji T.Alebiosu Sikiru Amoo Oluwabunmi K.Basorun Olubunmi A.Wewe Chukwuebuka Okafor Odafe Akpoborie Bayo Fatunmbi Elsie O.Adewoye Nnenna M.Ezeigwe Ayoade Oduola Antimalarial Therapeutic Efficacy Monitoring Group National Malaria Elimination ProgrammeThe Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria 不详

Background:The development and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Greater Mekong Subregion has created impetus for continuing global monitoring of efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies(ACTs). This post analyses is aimed to evaluate changes in early treatment response markers 10 years after the adoption of ACTs as first-line treatments of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nigeria.Methods: At 14 sentinel sites in six geographical areas of Nigeria, we evaluated treatment responses in 1341 children under 5 years and in additional 360 children under 16 years with uncomplicated malaria enrolled in randomized trials of artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate-amodiaquine at 5-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2014-2015 and at 2-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2012-2015, respectively after deployment in 2005.Results: Asexual parasite positivity 1 day after treatment initiation (APPD1) rose from 54 to 62% and 2 days after treatment initiation from 5 to 26% in 2009-2010 to 2014-2015(P=0.002 and P 75 000 μl^-1, haematocrit > 27% 1 day post-treatment initiatiortreatment with artemether-lumefantrine and enrolment in 2014-2015 independently predicted APPD1. In paralle , Kaplan-Meier estimated risk of recurrent infections by day 28 rose from 8 to 14% (P=0005) and from 9 to 15%(P=0.02) with artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine, respectively. Mean asexual parasitaemia half-life increased significantly from 1.1 h to 1.3h within 2 years (P<0.0001).Conclusions:These data indicate declining parasitological responses through time to the two ACTs may be due to emergence of parasites with reduced susceptibility or decrease in immunity to

关键词： Declining responsiveness Falciparum malaria Children Artemisinin-based combination treatment Nigeria

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Chrysobalanus icaco:A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第1期19卷 13-19页

作者： Hammed Ayantola Onilude Mutiu Idowu kazeem Oluwatosin Benedict Adu Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceLagos State UniversityOjoLagos 102101Nigeria

The genus Chrysobalanus is one of the classes of medicinal plants used in the treatment and management of several diseases.This study is aimed at providing up-to-date information on the phytochemical composition and pharmacological uses of Chrysobalanus icaco.Current literature on the Chrysobalanus species was obtained by searching electronic databases such as Pub Med,Google Scholar and Web of Science.Of the species in this genus,four have been reported in the literature,but only one(C.icaco)has been extensively studied.C.icaco is rich in several minerals,including potassium,magnesium,calcium and sodium.The plant also contains a host of phytochemicals,such as flavonoids,diterpenes and triterpenes,which have been shown to have pharmacological activity.It can be concluded that C.icaco is a good source of phytochemicals that contribute to its therapeutic uses.However,bioassay-guided isolation of its bioactive compounds is necessary for promoting the development of drugs from this medicinal plant.

关键词： Chrysobalanaceae Cocoplum Diabetes mellitus Triterpenes Fruit

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Upper arm composition and nutritional status of school children and adolescents in Abeokuta,Southwest Nigeria

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 336-342页

作者： Idowu Odunayo Senbanjo kazeem Adeola Oshikoya Olisamedua Fidelis Njokanma Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagos State 100001Nigeria Pharmacology Department Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagosNigeria Academic Division of Child Health Medical SchoolUniversity of NottinghamDerbyshire Children's HospitalUttoxeter RoadDerby DE223DTUK

Background:Upper arm composition is a reflection of body protein and calorie reserves.However,there is a paucity of data on upper arm composition of children from African countries,including Nigeria.This study aimed to determine the composition of upper arm and nutritional status of school children in Abeokuta,Nigeria and to compare with international reference standards.The sensitivity and specifi city of upper arm muscle area by height(UAMAH)as a nutritional assessment tool was also determined.Methods:Five hundred and seventy children aged 5 to 19 years were selected from seven schools using multistage random sampling.Weight,height,mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)and triceps skin fold thickness(TSF)were measured.Body mass index,upper arm muscle area(UAMA),upper arm fat area(UAFA),fat percentage and UAMAH were derived.Results:The TSF,UAFA and fat percentage were significantly higher in females than males at each age group.MUAC and UAMA were significantly higher in female children aged 10-14 years,whereas UAMA was significantly higher in male children aged 15-19 years.UAMA and UAFA of the children were lower than those of Americans but similar to those of Zimbabweans,and higher than those of Indians.The sensitivity and specifi city of UAMAH for detecting wasting were 80.8%and 63.9%,respectively,whereas the corresponding values for stunting were 32.2%and 58.2%,respectively.Conclusions:The school children studied have a combination of poor calorie and protein reserve.UAMAH may be a valuable tool for complete evaluation of the nutritional status of school children.

关键词： nutritional status school children upper arm fat upper arm muscle

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