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Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3823-3837页

作者： Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer kathleen p ismond Karen Kroeker Brendan Halloran Maitreyi Raman puneeta Tandon Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Canada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 2T9 Canada Cirrhosis Care Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2X8 Canada Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence Biostatistician Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1C9 Canada

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL plus and pubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;agepatients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration.

关键词： Nutrition Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Screening Outcomes research

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Application of plant DNA metabarcoding of lake sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3594-3609页

作者： Kai WU Kai LI Weihan JIA kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna LIAO Fang TIAN College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid development of environmental DNA(eDNA) technologies, sedimentary DNA(sedDNA)emerges as a promising tool for monitoring plant compositions in remote regions. The Tibetan plateau(Tp), renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and lakes, presents a potentially demanding region for the application of sedDNA on vegetation investigations. Here, we used the g and h universal primers for the p6 loop region of the chloroplast trn L(UAA)intron to amplify plant DNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and small lakes on the southwestern Tp. The applicability and limitations of using plant DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and palaeo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing sedDNA, pollen, and vegetation survey data. Our results showed that plant DNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial taxa, of which 30.1% can be identified at the species level. The plant sedDNA approach can effectively disclose the dominant plant taxa(including Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and poaceae) and significant vegetation assemblages in the vicinity of the investigated sites. The number of taxa and taxonomic resolution of plant sedDNA exceeded that of pollen analysis(75 taxa detected, 5.3% can be identified at species level). Unlike pollen that retains a broad spectrum of regional plant signals(including pinus and Artemisia), plant sedDNA mirrors very local plants, underscoring its utility in local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions. To conclude, plant DNA metabarcoding of(small) lake sediments warrant increased attention in the future for local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the Tp.

关键词： Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) Metabarcoding pollen Vegetation composition Tibetan plateau

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Influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition on resting and post-exercise indices of vascular health in young adults

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 54-62页

作者： Rian Q.Landers-Ramos kathleen Dondero Ian Imery Nicholas Reveille Hannah A.Zabriskie Devon A.Dobrosielski Towson University Department of KinesiologyTowsonMDUSA University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation SciencesBaltimoreMDUSA Johns Hopkins University Department of Cell BiologyBaltimoreMDUSA University of Florida Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyGainesvilleFLUSA

poor cardiorespiratory fitness may mediate vascular impairments at rest and following an acute bout of exercise in young healthy *** study aimed to compare flow mediated dilation(FMD)and vascular augmentation index(AIx75)between young adults with low,moderate,and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness before and after an acute bout of aerobic ***-three participants(22 men;21 women)between 18 and 29 years of age completed the *** were classified into low,moderate,and high health-related cardiorespiratory fitness groups according to age-and sex-based relative maximal oxygen consumption(V_O2 max)percentile *** was performed using Doppler ultrasound and AIx75 was performed using pulse wave analysis at baseline and 60-min after a 30-min bout of treadmill running at 70%V_O2 max.A significant interaction(p=0.047;ηp 2=0.142)was observed,with the moderate fitness group exhibiting a higher FMD post-exercise compared with baseline([6.7%3.1%]vs.[8.5%2.8%],p=0.028;d=0.598).We found a significant main effect of group for AIx75(p=0.023;ηp 2=0.168),with the high fitness group exhibiting lower AIx75 compared to low fitness group([10%10%]vs.[2%10%],respectively,p=0.019;g=1.07).This was eliminated after covarying for body fat percentage(p=0.489).Our findings suggest that resting FMD and AIx75 responses are not significantly influenced by cardiorespiratory fitness,but FMD recovery responses to exercise may be enhanced in individuals with moderate cardiorespiratory fitness levels.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Flow mediated dilation Augmentation index Vascular Acute exercise Body composition

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湖泊沉积植物DNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原植被调查中的应用

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中国科学:地球科学 2024年第11期54卷 3629-3646页

作者：吴铠李凯贾伟瀚 kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH 倪健廖梦娜田芳浙江师范大学生命科学学院 polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

得益于环境DNA技术的快速发展,沉积DNA(sedDNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用sedDNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植... 详细信息

得益于环境DNA技术的快速发展,沉积DNA(sedDNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用sedDNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植被重建的潜在需求.本研究以中国青藏高原西南部59个泡子/湖泊表层沉积物为研究对象,使用通用植物引物g-h扩增叶绿体trn L(UAA)内含子p6环区,获取了sedDNA中的植物组成信息,并将其与野外植被调查记录和沉积物花粉数据进行对比分析,探讨了基于沉积物的植物DNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原地区现代植被监测和古植被重建中的适用性和局限性.研究结果表明,植物DNA宏条形码信号共记录了186个陆生植物类群,其中30.1%的序列可以鉴定到种水平.植物sedDNA方法可以揭示调查地点周围的主要植物类群(包括菊科、莎草科和禾本科)以及重要植被组合.植物sedDNA的类群数量和分类学分辨率均超过花粉分析(75个类群,其中5.3%的类群可以鉴定到种水平).与花粉保留大量的区域植物信号(包括松属和蒿属)不同,植物sedDNA反映了高度局地的植物信号,凸显了植物sedDNA在局地植被监测和重建中的重要性.综上所述,(小型)湖泊植物sedDNA宏条形码研究在未来的青藏高原区域植被监测和重建中值得更多的关注.

关键词：沉积DNA 宏条形码花粉植被组成青藏高原

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Leveraging quasi-periodic orbits for trajectory design in cislunar space

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Astrodynamics 2021年第2期5卷 139-165页

作者： Brian p.McCarthy kathleen C.Howell School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Neil Armstrong Hall of EngineeringWest LafayetteIN47907-2045USA

Incorporating quasi-periodic orbits into the preliminary design process offers a wide range of options to meet mission constraints and address the challenges in a complex trade *** this investigation,linear stability and quasi-periodic orbit family continuation schemes are examined to meet various types of *** in eclipse avoidance and transfer design are examined by leveraging quasi-periodic orbits and their associated hyperbolic manifolds in the lunar *** are transitioned to an ephemeris model to validate that geometries are maintained in higher-fidelity *** the natural dynamical structures associated with quasi-periodic orbits are leveraged,novel trajectory solutions can emerge.

关键词： multi-body dynamical systems quasi-periodic orbits trajectory analysis cislunar trajectory design near rectilinear halo orbit ephemeris dynamical model

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Feeding of grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) with the contraceptive agent DiazaCon^(TM):effect on cholesterol, hematology, and blood chemistry

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 409-419页

作者： Christi A.YODER Brenda A.MAYLE Carol A.FURCOLOW David p.COWAN kathleen A.FAGERSTONE National Wildlife Research Center Fort CollinsColoradoUSA Forest Research Alice Holt LodgeFarnhamSurreyUK Central Science Laboratory Sand HuttonYorkUK

Grey squirrels(Sciurus carolinensis)are an invasive species in Britain and *** have replaced native red squirrels(Sciurus vulgaris)throughout most of Britain,and cause damage to ***,lethal control is used to manage grey squirrel populations in Britain,but nonlethal methods might be more acceptable to the *** such method is contraception with 20,25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride(DiazaCon^(TM)).DiazaCon^(TM) inhibits the conversion of desmosterol to cholesterol,resulting in increasing desmosterol concentrations and decreasing cholesterol *** cholesterol is needed for the synthesis of steroid reproductive hormones,such as progesterone and testosterone,inhibition of cholesterol synthesis indirectly inhibits *** is used as a marker of efficacy in laboratory studies with species that do not reproduce readily in *** squirrels were gavaged with a DiazaCon^(TM) solution for 2 days,and then fed DiazaCon^(TM)-coated peanuts for an additional 8 days at target doses of 50 and 100 mg DiazaCon^(TM) per kg body *** was a significant difference in cholesterol concentrations in the treatment groups compared to the control *** was reduced by≥40%for 2 months in both treatment *** were no differences among groups with respect to blood chemistry and hematology parameters,and mean values are *** mean overall dose of DiazaCon^(TM) received was 29.0±1.6 and 55.3±4.3 mg/kg in the low(50 mg/kg)and high dose(100 mg/kg)groups,***^(TM) might provide an effective,acceptable alternative to lethal control.

关键词： 20 25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride cholesterol contraception DiazaCon^(TM) grey squirrel

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Fisheries monitoring: perspectives from the United States

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第3期5卷 131-138页

作者： Robert Boenish Daniel Willard Jacob p.Kritzer kathleen Reardon Environmental Defense Fund 18 Tremont St.Suite 850BostonMA02108USA Environmental Defense Fund 301 Congress Ave.Suite 1300AustinTX78701USA Maine Department of Marine Resources 194 McKown Point RdWest Boothbay HarborME04575USA

Fisheries monitoring in the United States exists in many forms and serves many functions due to geographically varying objectives,practices,technology,institutional structures,and *** the U.S and abroad,diverse catch methods commonly exist for the same stock,thus monitoring and reporting strategies need to be tailored to unique operational *** management challenges include funding limitation,survey design,coverage,and *** describe three innovative examples of fisheries monitoring in the United *** stories of success and failure can inform the design and implementation of new monitoring pilots and aid crafting both regional and national *** explore the innovative vessel monitoring and electronic logbook practices across multiple sectors for Gulf of Mexico red snapper(Lutjanus campechanus).Then,we examine a unique monitoring program that produces critical,near real-time genetic and population surveys for sockeye salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka)in Bristol Bay,*** final case study describes the many fishery-dependent and-independent data streams for American lobster(Homarus americanus)in New *** all monitoring cases exists an explicit focus on the most critical aspects of organism life *** find strong cross-institutional working relationships and adept agency coordination are imperatives in instances of stocks occupying multiple state or federal *** results suggest the most effective approaches address the unique data needs of a fishery,and for this,thorough understanding of both biological and socioeconomic aspects of the fishery is a ***,the monitoring program should jointly incentivize compliance while promoting continued and evolving interaction between resources users,scientists,and management.

关键词： Fisheries Fisheries monitoring Fisheries management Sustainability

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Increased locomotor activity in estrogen-treated ovariectomized rats is associated with nucleus accumbens dopamine and is not reduced by dietary sodium deprivation

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 783-794页

作者： Enith ESpINOSA kathleen S.CURTIS Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences TulsaOklahomaUSA

Estrogens are well known to increase locomotor activity in laboratory rodents;however,the underlying mechanism remains *** used voluntary wheel running by female rats as an index of locomotor behavior to investigate this *** first determined whether the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion was susceptible to inhibition by a physiological challenge,and next whether it was associated with dopaminergic activation in the central reward area,nucleus *** rats were given estradiol or the oil vehicle and housed in cages with or without running *** rats were given regular rodent chow for 1 week,a sodium-deficient diet for the next week,and then were returned to a regular diet for another *** the end of the last week,all rats were killed,brains were extracted and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens were *** expected,estradiol treatment increased distance ***,dietary sodium deprivation further increased running,but this appeared to be related to experience with wheel running,rather than to sodium deprivation,per *** was greater in the nucleus accumbens of estradiol-treated rats that ran compared to all other ***,the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion is a robust phenomenon that is not inhibited by a body sodium challenge and is associated with elevated levels of dopamine in reward *** findings raise the possibility that the estrogen-induced increase in locomotor activity,which occurs during a hormonal milieu conducive to reproduction,may reflect mate-seeking behavior and,thereby,maximize reproductive success.

关键词： locomotor activity reproductive hormones reward pathways

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predicting phosphorus sorption isotherm parameters in soil using data of routine laboratory tests

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pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 694-704页

作者： kathleen S.DUNNE Nicholas M.HOLDEN Karen DALY Teagasc Johnstown CastleEnvironmental Research CentreCo.Wexford Y35TC97(Ireland) UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4 D04VIW8(Ireland)

Knowledge of phosphorus(p)sorption dynamics across different soil types could direct agronomic and environmental management of *** objective of this study was to predict p isotherm parameters for a national soil population using data of routine laboratory *** and Freundlich sorption parameters were calculated from two different ranges(0-25 and 0-50 mg p L^(-1))using an archive of representative agricultural soil types from *** linear regression(MLR)identified labile forms of aluminium(Al)and iron(Fe),organic matter(OM),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and clay as significant *** and Freundlich sorption capacities,Freundlich affinity constant,and Langmuir buffer capacity were predicted reliably,with R^(2) of independent validation>*** isotherm parameters were predicted from p sorbed at a single concentration of 50 mg p L^(-1)(S_(50)).An MLR prediction of p sorption maximum in the 0-50 mg p L-1 range was achieved,to an accurate standard,using S_(50),OM,and Mehlich-3 Fe(R^(2) of independent calibration and validation being 0.91 and 0.95,respectively).Using Giles’four shapes of isotherms(C,L,H,and S),L non-strict-and C-shaped isotherm curves accounted for 64% and 27% of the soils,*** clustering identified a separation of isotherm curves influenced by two ranges of Mehlich-3 *** with a low range of Mehlich-3 Al(2.5-698 mg kg^(-1))had no incidence of rapid sorption(C shape).Single point indices,Al,or available soil data make the regression approach a feasible way of predicting Langmuir parameters that could be included with standard agronomic soil p testing.

关键词： available phosphorus binding fertilizer soil test sorption maximum

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D614G and SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第4期6卷 1073-1074页

作者： kathleen D.Engelman Alan N.Engelman MassBiologics University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Molecular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness and sensitivity to neutralization via the humoral immune response critically inform efforts to combat the COVID-19 *** published recently by plante et *** Natur... 详细信息

关键词： al. processes. D61

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