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Neural stem cell-based in vitro bioassay for the assessment of neurotoxic potential of water samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 72-86页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Masood Natalie Tamara Hauke Muhammad Jawad Nasim Muhammad Sarfraz Mahrukh Naseem karl Herbert Schäfer Division of Bioorganic Chemistry School of PharmacySaarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbrückenGermany Applied Life Sciences University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern66482 ZweibrückenGermany ENS Group University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern66482 ZweibrückenGermany Abwasserverband Bergstrasse Altau 1069469 WeinheimGermany Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences54000 LahorePakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87550Pakistan

Intensive agriculture activities,industrialization and growing numbers of wastewater treatment plants along river banks collectively contribute to the elevated levels of neurotoxic pollutants in natural water reservoirs across *** established an in vitro bioassay based upon neural stem cells isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal mouse to evaluate the neurotoxic potential of raw wastewater,treated sewage effluent,groundwater and drinking *** toxic potential of water samples was evaluated employing viability,proliferation,differentiation and migration *** found that raw wastewater could reduce the viability and proliferation of neural stem cells,and decreased the neuronal and astrocyte differentiation,neuronal neurite growth,astrocyte growth and cell *** sewage water also showed inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and *** results indicated that relatively high concentrations of nitrogenous substances,pesticides,mercuric compounds,bisphenol-A,and phthalates,along with some other pollutants in raw wastewater and treated sewage water,might be the reason for the neuroinhibitory effects of these water *** model successfully predicted the neurotoxicity of water samples collected from different sources and also revealed that the incomplete removal of contaminants from wastewater can be problematic for the developing nervous *** presented data also provides strong evidence that more effective treatments should be used to minimize the contamination of water before release into major water bodies which may be considered as water reservoirs for human usage in the future.

关键词： Neural stem cells Subventricular zone Neurotoxicity Bioassay Treated sewage effluents Pesticides

Anodic dissolution of metals in ionic liquids

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 595-602页

作者： Andrew P.Abbott Gero Frisch Jennifer Hartley Wrya O.Karim karl S.Ryder Chemistry Department University of Leicester TU Bergakademie Freiberg Institut fu?r Anorganische Chemie

The anodic dissolution of metals is an important topic for battery design,material finishing and metal *** liquids are being used in all of these areas but the research on the anodic dissolution is relatively few in these *** study investigates the behaviour of 9 metals in an ionic liquid [C;mim][Cl] and a deep eutectic solvent,Ethaline,which is a 1:2 mol ratio mixture of choline chloride and ethylene *** is shown that for the majority of metals studied a quasi-passivation of the metal surface occurs,primarily due to the formation of insoluble films on the electrode *** behaviour of most metals is different in [C;mim][Cl] to that in Ethaline due in part to the differences in *** formation of passivating salt films can be decreased with stirring or by increasing the electrolyte temperature,thereby increasing ligand transport to the electrode surface.

关键词： Ionic liquid Deep eutectic solvent Speciation Electropolishing Passivation

复合Li_2SO_4质子传导膜的制备及电化学性能

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华南理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2008年第7期36卷 1-5页

作者：钟理朱斌 Chuang karl 华南理工大学化学与化工学院广东广州510640 阿伯塔大学化学工程与材料工程系

制备了以Li2SO4为基体、A l2O3为填充物的复合质子传导膜.采用电化学阻抗波谱分析法(EIS)研究了掺杂不同组分(Li2WO4或Na2SO4)以及掺杂不同比例时制备的不同厚度的复合质子传导膜的离子(电)传导率.分析结果表明,在Li2SO4中掺杂一定比例... 详细信息

制备了以Li2SO4为基体、A l2O3为填充物的复合质子传导膜.采用电化学阻抗波谱分析法(EIS)研究了掺杂不同组分(Li2WO4或Na2SO4)以及掺杂不同比例时制备的不同厚度的复合质子传导膜的离子(电)传导率.分析结果表明,在Li2SO4中掺杂一定比例的Li2WO4或Na2SO4均可提高膜的离子传导率,Li2WO4对复合膜性能的影响优于Na2SO4.扫描电镜(SEM)分析显示,掺杂Li2WO4的复合膜结构更加致密和紧凑.实验结果表明,由Li2SO4、Li2WO4和A l2O3制备的复合膜的适宜组成为75%Li2SO4/Li2WO4混合物(Li2SO4与Li2WO4摩尔比为9∶1)+25%A l2O3,其离子传导率在600,650,700和750℃时分别高达0.16,0.38,0.46和0.52S/cm,适宜的膜厚为0.8mm.文中还研究了以H2S为燃料、复合Mo-N i-S为阳极、复合Li2SO4为质子传导膜、复合N iO为阴极、空气为氧化剂的单电池的电化学性能,发现Li2SO4+Li2WO4+A l2O3复合膜的电化学性能较优.

关键词：质子传导膜燃料电池电解质硫化氢电化学性能

Separate basolateral and apical phosphatidylcholine secretion routes in intestinally differentiated tumor cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第46期15卷 5821-5826页

作者： Daniel Gotthardt Annika Braun Anke Tietje karl Heinz Weiss Robert Ehehalt Wolfgang R Stremmel Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Heidelberg

AIM:To investigate whether the secretion of phospha-tidylcholine(PC)in intestinal mucus occurs by apical secretion or via basolateral excretion and to determine its subsequent passage across the tight junctions to the apical ***:We addressed this question using the po-larized intestinally differentiated tumor cell line CaCo-2 grown on filters to confluence in Transwell culture *** released PC and sphingomyelin(Sph)from apical and basolateral media were analyzed by mass ***:The secreted PC species were identical in both compartments indicating the same intracellular origin of ***,PC secretion into the basolateral compart-ment was more effective,and the PC:Sph ratio in the ba-solateral compartment was signif icantly higher than that in the apical compartment(8.18 ± 1.84 vs 4.31 ± 1.22,P = 0.01).Both pathways were temperature sensitive and were unaltered in the presence of ***:The data demonstrate the PC secre-tion capacity of CaCo-2 cells and indicate two sepa-rated apical and basolateral release mechanisms.

关键词： CaCo-2 cells Epithelial cells Mass spectrometry Phosphatidylcholine Secretion Sphingomyelin

Redox-Dependent Regulation of the Stress-Induced Zinc-Finger Protein SAP12 in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 357-367页

作者： Elke Stroeher Xin-Jia Wang Nils Roloff Peter Klein Arne Husemann karl-Josef Dietz Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants Bielefeld University 33501 Bielefeld Germany

The stress-associated protein SAP12 belongs to the stress-associated protein （SAP） family with 14 members in Arabidopsis thaliana. SAP12 contains two AN1 zinc fingers and was identified in diagonal 2D redox SDS-PAGE as a protein undergoing major redox-dependent conformational changes. Its transcript was strongly induced under cold and salt stress in a time-dependent manner similar to SAP10, with high levels after 6 h and decreasing levels after 24 and 48 h. The tran- script regulation resembled those of the stress marker peroxiredoxin PrxllD at 24 and 48 h. Recombinant SAP12 protein showed redox-dependent changes in quaternary structure as visualized by altered electrophoretic mobility in non-reducing SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The oxidized oligomer was reduced by high dithiothreitol concentrations, and also by E. coli thioredoxin TrxA with low dithiothreitol （DTF） concentrations or NADPH plus NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase. From Western blots, the SAP12 protein amount was estimated to be in the range of 0.5 ngμg^-1 leaf protein. SAP12 protein decreased under salt and cold stress. These data suggest a redox state-linked function of SAP12 in plant cells particularly under cold and salt stress.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress cold acclimation cell signaling gene expression Arabidopsis A20 and AN1 Zinc finger domains redox regulation stress associated protein thioredoxin.

MRI versus 64-row MDCT for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第48期15卷 6044-6051页

作者： Michael Bernhard Pitton Roman Kloeckner Sascha Herber Gerd Otto karl Friedrich Kreitner Christoph Dueber Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Johannes Gutenberg-University Department of Transplantation and Hepatobili-opancreatic Surgery University of Mainz

AIM： To compare the diagnostic capability of multidetector computed tomography （MDCT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） tumour nodules and their effect on patient management. METHODS： A total of 28 patients （25 male, 3 female, mean age 67 ± 10.8 years） with biopsy-proven HCC were investigated with 64-row MDCT （slice 3 mm native, arterial and portal-venous phase, 120 mL Iomeprol, 4 mL/s, delay by bolus trigger） and MRI （Tlfs fl2d TE/ TR 2.72/129 ms, T2tse TE/TR 102/4000 ms, 5-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced Tlfs fl3d TE/TR 1.56/4.6, Gadolinium-DTPA, slice 4 mm）. Consensus reading of both modalities was used as reference. Tumour nodules were analyzed with respect to number, size, and location. RESULTS： In total, 162 tumour nodules were detected by consensus reading. MRI detected significantly more tumour nodules （159 vs 123, P 〈 0.001） compared to MDCT, with the best sensitivity for early arterial phase MRI. False-negative CT findings included nodules ≤ 5 mm （n = 5）, ≤ 10 mm （n = 17）, ≤ 15 mm （n= 12）,≤20mm（n=4）,andlnodule〉*** missed 2 nodules ≤ 10 mm and 1 nodule ≤ 15 mm. On MRI, nodule diameters were greater than on CT （29.2 ≤25.1 mm, range 5-140 mm vs 24.1 ± 22.7 mm, range 4-129 mm, P 〈 0.005）. In 2 patients, MDCT showed only unilobar tumour spread, whereas MRI revealed additional nodules in the contralateral lobe. Detection of these nodules could have changed the therapeutic strategy. CONCLUSION： Contrast-enhanced MRI is superior to 64-row MDCT for the detection of HCC nodules. Patients should be allocated to interventional or operative treatment according to a dedicated MRI-protocol.

关键词： American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases European Association for the Study of the Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma Multidetector computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

Oxidation Behavior of Micro-Crystalline Coatings of 310S Stainless Steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1998年第1期12卷 51-56页

作者： Zhenyu Liu Wei Gao karl Dahm Yedong He (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand)(Materials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Auckland Beijing New Zealand Materials Science and Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Micro-crystalline coatings of 310S stainless steels were produced by unbalanced magnetron sputter deposition. Isothermal oxidation behavior of the coated and uncoated specimens has been studied using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) station. The oxidation time was 50h and the temperature was 1 000℃. The oxidation rates of thecoated specimens was found to be much lower than the uncoated specimens after 50 h of oxidation. The oxidationkinetic curves of the coated specimens consisted of three stages : approximately parabolic at the first stage, speedingup at the second stage, and slow down at the third stage. The increase of the oxidation rate at the second stage nasattributed to the fast diffuison of Fe though the fine grained Cr2O3 layer formed on the micro-crystalline *** top view and cross-section microstructures of the oxides formed on the coated and the uncoated specimens werestudied with SEM and EDS. It was observed that the nucleation of oxide on the coated specimens was muchenhanced at the initial oxidation stage. This was explained as the result of reduction in the critical free energychange and increase in the supply of chromium ions.

关键词： oxidation 310S stainless steel magnetron sputter deposition oxide nucleation

Get it white: color-tunable AC/DC OLEDs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 492-497页

作者： Markus Frobel Tobias Schwab Mona Kliem Simone Hofmann karl Leo Malte C Gather Institute for Applied Photophysics(IAPP) Dresden University of TechnologyD-01069 DresdenGermany School of Physics and Astronomy University of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK

Organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)have gained considerable attention because of their use of inherently flexible materials and their compatibility with facile roll-to-roll and printing *** addition to high efficiency,flexibility and transparency,reliable color tunability of solid state light sources is a desirable feature in the lighting and display ***,we demonstrate a device concept for highly efficient organic light-emitting devices whose emission color can be easily adjusted from deep-blue through cold-white and warm-white to saturated *** approach exploits the different polarities of the positive and negative half-cycles of an alternating current(AC)driving signal to independently address a fluorescent blue emission unit and a phosphorescent yellow emission unit which are vertically stacked on top of each *** electrode design is optimized for simple fabrication and driving and allows for two-terminal operation by a single *** presented concept for color-tunable OLEDs is compatible with application requirements and versatile in terms of emitter combinations.

关键词： alternating current color mixing color tuning vertical stacking white organic light-emitting devices