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Colon adenoma features and their impact on risk of future advanced adenomas and colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第12期8卷 826-834页

作者： Audrey H Calderwood karen E Lasser Hemant K Roy Section of Gastroenterology Depart-ment of MedicineDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Section of General Internal Medicine Depart-ment of MedicineBoston University School of Medicine Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBoston University School of Medicine

AIMto review the evidence on the association between specific colon adenoma features and the risk of future colonic neoplasia [adenomas and colorectal cancer (CRC)]. MEtHODSWe performed a literature search using the National Library of Medicine through PubMed from 1/1/2003 to 5/30/2015. Specific Medical Subject Headings terms (colon, colon polyps, adenomatous polyps, epidemiology, natural history, growth, cancer screening, colonoscopy, CRC) were used in conjunction with subject headings/key words (surveillance, adenoma surveillance, polypectomy surveillance, and serrated adenoma). We defined non-advanced adenomas as 1-2 adenomas each 25% villous histology or high-grade dysplasia. A combined endpoint of advanced neoplasia included advanced adenomas and invasive CRC. RESULtSOur search strategy identified 592 candidate articles of which 8 met inclusion criteria and were relevant for assessment of histology (low grade vs high grade dysplasia, villous features) and adenoma size. Six of these studies met the accepted quality indicator threshold for overall adenoma detection rate > 25% among study patients. We found 254 articles of which 7 met inclusion criteria for the evaluation of multiple adenomas. Lastly, our search revealed 222 candidate articles of which 6 met inclusion criteria for evaluation of serrated polyps. Our review found that villous features, high grade dysplasia, larger adenoma size, and having ≥ 3 adenomas at baseline are associated with an increased risk of future colonic neoplasia in some but not all studies. Serrated polyps in the proximal colon are associated with an increased risk of future colonic neoplasia, comparable to having a baseline advanced adenoma. CONCLUSIONData on adenoma features and risk of future adenomas and CRC are compelling yet modest in absolute effect size. Future research should refine this risk stratification.

关键词： Colon adenoma Colorectal cancer screening Surveillance Colonoscopy

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Outcomes and management of viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第2期20卷 414-424页

作者： Stephen E Congly karen E Doucette Carla S Coffin Liver Unit Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4Z6Canada Division of Infectious Diseases University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Liver transplantation for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)positive patients with viral hepatitis co-infection is increasingly offered in many North American and European liver transplant *** studies have demonstrated acceptable post-transplant outcomes and no increased risk of HIV complications in patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).However,liver transplantation in HIV positive patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)has poorer outcomes overall,requiring careful selection of *** review aims to summarize the published literature on outcomes after transplant in HIV patients with HBV or HCV related end-stage liver disease and recommendations for *** particular the pre-transplant factors impacting outcomes in HCV/HIV co-infected candidates and importance of multidisciplinary management will be discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection Hepatitis C virus Co-infection Liver transplantation

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A physically active lifestyle is related to a lower level of skin autofluorescence in a large population with chronic-disease(LifeLines cohort)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 260-265页

作者： Saskia Corine van de Zande Jeroen Klaas de Vries inge van den Akker-Scheek Johannes Zwerver Andries Jan Smit Department of Internal Medicine Division of Vascular MedicineUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Antonius Hospital SneekSneek8601 ZKthe Netherlands Department of Orthopaedics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Center for Human Movement Sciences University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Sports Valley Gelderse Vallei HospitalEde6716 RPthe Netherlands

Background:Physical activity(PA)has substantial health benefits and is important in combatting chronic diseases,which have been associated with elevated levels of advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs).AGEs play a role in the aging process,and an association between PA and AGEs has been *** aimed to investigate the relationship between PA and AGE accumulation in a general population and in a population with chronic ***:this large cross-sectional population study used data from adult participants in the LifeLines project,with participant information drawn from the LifeLines database as well data from patients with diabetes mellitus or renal and/or cardiovascular *** AGE accumulation was assessed non-invasively by skin-autofluorescence(SAF)using an AGE reader(DiagnOptics technologies BV,Groningen,the Netherlands).PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity(SQUASH).Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age,body mass index,sex,and smoking ***:Data from 63,452 participants(general population n=59,177,chronic disease n=4275)were *** general population was significantly younger(43.58±11.77 years,mean±SD)and had significantly lower SAF(1.90±0.42 arbitrary units(AU))compared to the population with chronic disease(age:55.51±12.07 years;SAF:2.27±0.51 AU).In the group with chronic disease,more hours of moderate to vigorous physical activities per week were associated with lower SAF(β=-0.002,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.002 to-0.001).For the general population,there was no association between hours of moderate to vigorous activity and SAF(β=3.2×10^(-5),95%CI:0.000-0.001,p=0.742).However,there was an association in the general population between total hours of PA per week and SAF(β=4.2×10^(-4),95%CI:0.000-0.001,pt this association was not found in the chronic disease population(β=-3.2×10^(-4),95%CI:-0.001 to 0.000,p=0.347).Conclusion:Our study demons

关键词： Advanced glycation endproducts Chronic disease population General population Physical activity Skin autofluorescence

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Potential for natural and enhanced attenuation of sulphanilamide in a contaminated chalk aquifer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 39-48页

作者： karen A.Bennett Simon D.Kelly Xiangyu tang Brian J.Reid School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7TJUK Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency1400 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academyof SciencesChengdu 610041China

Understanding antibiotic biodegradation is important to the appreciation of their fate and removal from the environment. In this research an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry（IRMS）method was developed to evaluate the extent of biodegradation of the antibiotic,sulphanilamide, in contaminated groundwater. Results indicted an enrichment in δ^（13）C of8.44‰ from-26.56（at the contaminant source） to-18.12‰（300 m downfield of the source）.these results confirm reductions in sulphanilamide concentrations（from 650 to 10 mg/L）across the contaminant plume to be attributable to biodegradation（56%） vs. other natural attenuation processes, such as dilution or dispersion（42%）. to understand the controls on sulphanilamide degradation ex-situ microcosms assessed the influence of sulphanilamide concentration, redox conditions and an alternative carbon source. Results indicated, high levels of anaerobic capacity（~50% mineralisation） to degrade sulphanilamide under high（263 mg/L）, moderate（10 mg/L） and low（0.02 mg/L） substrate concentrations. the addition of electron acceptors; nitrate and sulphate, did not significantly enhance the capacity of the groundwater to anaerobically biodegrade sulphanilamide. Interestingly, where alternative carbon sources were present, the addition of nitrate and sulphate inhibited sulphanilamide biodegradation. these results suggest, under in-situ conditions, when a preferential carbon source was available for biodegradation, sulphanilamide could be acting as a nitrogen and/or sulphur source. these findings are important as they highlight sulphanilamide being used as a carbon and a putative nitrogen and sulphur source, under prevailing iron reducing conditions.

关键词： Antibiotics Sulphonamide Groundwater contamination Biodegradation Stable isotope fractionation IRMS

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Microbial methylation of mercury in the water-level fluctuation zone of the three Gorges Reservoir,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 218-220页

作者： karen S.Hoy Wei Feng X.Chris Le Department of Chemistry and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta

Methylmercury （MeHg） is an organic form of the global pollutant mercury （Hg） which readily accumulates in fish tissue. A majority of Hg methylation is a result of microbial activity and the abundance of inorganic Hg within the water reservoirs （Eckley et al., 2017）. Compared to natural lakes and rivers, reservoirs have elevated Hg levels from the decompo- sition of recently flooded organic material which promote Hg release and enhance microbial methylation of Hg （Eckley et al., 2017）. Microorganisms containing the gene clusters hgcA and hgcB, such as sulfate reducing bacteria （SRB） and iron reducing bacteria （FeRB）.

关键词： Methyl mercury Microbial community 16S rRNA Soil bacteria Floodplains and wetlands

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thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in appropriate for gestational age ultra-low birth weight infants:need for more evidence

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 643-652页

作者： Umesh Mishra Deanne August karen Walker Pranav R.Jani Mark tracy Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydneyAustralia Department of Neonatology Westmead HospitalWestmeadNSWAustralia Grantley Stable Neonatal Unit Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Newborn Care Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownAustralia

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighing<500 g at birth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dy... 详细信息

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighingt birth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dying or developing major *** infants face challenges related to fluid and heat loss as well as skin injury in the initial days of life from extreme anatomical and physiological immaturity of the *** there is an emerging literature on the outcomes of ULBW infants,there is a paucity of evidence to inform practice guidelines for delivering optimal care to this cohort of *** sources A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and Embase *** keywords included“thermoregulation or body temperature regulation”,“incubator humidity”,“skin care”,“infant,extremely low birth weight”and“ultra-low birth weight infants”.Results Evidences for thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices are available for preterm infants weighingt birth but not specifically for ULBW *** on thermoregulation,incubator humidity,or skincare practices had a small sample size and did not include a sub-group analysis for ULBW *** practice recommendations in ULBW infants are adopted from research in very and/or extremely low birth weight *** this narrative review focuses on challenges in thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in ULBW infants,highlights current research gaps and suggests potential developments for informing practices for improving health outcomes in ULBW infants.

关键词： Incubator humidity Neonatal intensive care unit Skincare thermoregulation Ultra-low birth weight

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Stable ischemic heart disease in the older adults

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第2期13卷 109-114页

作者： Xuming DAI Jan Busby-Whitehead Daniel E Forman karen P Alexander Division of Cardiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA Division of Geriatric Medicine Center for Aging and Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina USA Section of Geriatric Cardiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh PA USA Division of Cardiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA

1 Introduction Ischemic heart disease is caused by atherosclerotic and/or thrombotic obstruction of coronary arteries. Clinical spec- trum of ischemic heart disease expands from asymptomatic atherosclerosis of coronary arteries to acute coronary syn- dromes （ACS） including unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction （non-St elevation myocardial infarction and St elevation myocardial infarction）. Stable ischemic heart dis- ease （SIHD） refers to patients with known or suspected SIHD who have no recent or acute changes in their symp- tomatic status, suggesting no active thrombotic process is underway.

关键词： Aging Coronary artery disease Older adults Risk assessment Stable ischemic heart disease

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Effect of growing media and their constituents on fungus gnat, Bradysia sp, nr, coprophila （Lintner） adults

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 467-475页

作者： RAYMOND A. CLOYD AMY DICKINSON RICHARD A. LARSON karen A. MARLEY Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas Division of Biodiversity and Ecological Entomology Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign Illinois University of Illinois Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Urbana Illinois USA

this study was conducted to determine the attractiveness of two growing media, commonly utilized in greenhouses, to fungus gnat, Bradysia sp. nr. coprophila adults. the constituents of the most attractive growing medium tested were determined by gas chromatography analysis using a steam-distillation procedure. We found that fungus gnat adults were more attracted to the growing medium, SB300 Universal Professional Growing Mix, which contains composted bark, than to another growing medium （Sunshine LC1 Mix） and their components when tested in a series of laboratory experiments using multiple-choice experimental arenas. A higher percentage of fungus gnat adults were attracted to moist SB300 （92%） than SB300 growing medium that had been oven dried （8%）. In addition, fungus gnat adults preferred SB300 although they had been reared on Sunshine LC1 Mix. When comparing the SB300 fresh from the bag to growing medium that had been pasteurized and moistened with water, gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic data showed there were declines in several terpenoid constituents as well as an increase in fatty acids and cyclosulfur. the results of this study indicate that B. sp. nr. coprophila adults prefer certain growing media, which may assist greenhouse producers in managing fungus gnats in crop production systems.

关键词： Attraction fungus gnats growing medium pest management preference,steam distillation

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Mitochondrial Perturbation Negatively Affects Auxin Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1138-1150页

作者： Pavel Ivanov Kerchev inge De Clercq Jordi Denecker Per Muihlenbock Robert Kumpf Long Nguyen Dominique Audenaert Wim Dejonghe Frank Van Breusegem Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB Ghent University B-9052 Gent Belgium Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University B-9052 Gent Belgium Present address: Department of Plant Protection Biology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden VlB Compound Screening Facility B-9052 Gent Belgium

Mitochondria are crucial players in the signaling and metabolic homeostasis of the plant cell. the molecular components that orchestrate the underlying processes, however, are largely unknown. Using a chemical biology approach, we exploited the responsiveness of Arabidopsis UDP-glucosyltransferase-encoding UGt74E2 towards mitochondrial per- turbation in order to look for novel mechanisms regulating mitochondria-to-nucleus communication. the most potent inducers of UGt74E2 shared a （2-furyl）acrylate （FAA） substructure that negatively affected mitochondrial function and was identified before as an auxin transcriptional inhibitor. Based on these premises, we demonstrated that perturbed mitochondria negatively affect the auxin signaling machinery. Moreover, chemical perturbation of polar auxin transport and auxin biosynthesis was sufficient to induce mitochondrial retrograde markers and their transcript abundance was constitutively elevated in the absence of the auxin transcriptional activators ARF7 and ARF19.

关键词： mitochondrial perturbation auxin signaling retrograde communication.

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CPC, a Single-Repeat R3 MYB, Is a Negative Regulator of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 790-802页

作者： Hui-Fen Zhu karen Fitzsimmons Abha Khandelwal Robert G. Kranz Department of Biology Washington University St Louis MO 63130 USA

Single-repeat R3 MYB transcription factors like CPC （CAPRICE） are known to play roles in developmental processes such as root hair differentiation and trichome initiation. However, none of the six Arabidopsis single-repeat R3 MYB members has been reported to regulate flavonoid biosynthesis. We show here that CPC is a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In the process of using CPC to test GAL4-dependent driver lines, we observed a repression of anthocyanin synthesis upon GAL4-mediated CPC overexpression. We demonstrated that this is not due to an increase in nutrient uptake because of more root hairs. Rather, CPC expression level tightly controls anthocyanin accumulation. Microarray analysis on the whole genome showed that, of 37 000 features tested, 85 genes are repressed greater than three-fold by CPC overexpression. Of these 85, seven are late anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Also, anthocyanin synthesis genes were shown to be down-regulated in 35S：：CPC overexpression plants. transient expression results suggest that CPC competes with the R2R3-MYB transcription factor PAP1/2, which is an activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. this report adds anthocyanin biosynthesis to the set of programs that are under CPC control, indicating that this regulator is not only for developmental programs （e.g. root hairs, trichomes）, but can influence anthocyanin pigment synthesis.

关键词： CPC (CAPRICE) anthocyanin biosynthesis negative regulator Arabidopsis.

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