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Delirium,insulin-like growth factor I,growth hormone in older inpatients

World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第9期10卷 212-222页

作者： Dimitrios Adamis Iulian Coada Piet Eikelenboom Che-Sheng Chu karen finn Vincent Melvin John Williams David James Meagher Geraldine McCarthy Department of Psychiatry Sligo/Leitrim Mental Health ServicesSligo F91 CD34Ireland Department of Psychiatry Research and Academic Institute of AthensAthens 11742Greece Department of Psychiatry University Hospital LimerickLimerick V94 F858Ireland Department of Psychiatry GGZinGeest and VuMCAmsterdam 1081 HVthe Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Center for Geriatric and Gerontology Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung 81362Taiwan Department of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Science School of Science and ComputingGalway-Mayo Institute of TechnologyGalway H91 T8NWIreland Department of Pathology Sligo University HospitalSligo F91 H684Ireland

BACKGROUND Delirium is a common disorder in elderly medical inpatients with serious adverse outcomes and is characterized by sudden onset,disturbance in attention,awareness,consciousness and cognition,and often with behavioural *** to understanding delirium,is understanding mechanisms by which body and brain wellbeing are linked and in particular how brain responses to bodily homeostatic stress is mediated.A number of studies have investigated the relationship between insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I)and delirium in medically ill hospitalised patients with conflicting ***,none have investigated growth hormone(GH)which is related to IGF-I via negative *** To investigate the relationship between serum levels of IGF-I and GH,and the occurrence of *** Prospective,longitudinal,observational *** elderly inpatients(aged 70+),were assessed twice weekly with Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),Confusion assessment method(CAM),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation *** was defined using *** history of dementia was evaluated with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the ***-I and GH levels were estimated with the ELISA *** estimating equations(GEE)model was applied for the first five assessments to analyze those longitudinal *** The sample consisted of 198 participants(mean age 80.63±6.81;range 70-97).Of these 92(46.5%)were *** six(43.4%)were identified with a history of *** or prevalent delirium during hospitalisation was identified with CAM in 40 participants(20.2%).Evaluation of missing values with Little's MCAR test indicated that they were missing completely at random(MCARχ2=12.24,u:9,P=0.20).Using GEE for the analysis we found that low MoCA scores,low levels of IGF-I and high levels of GH were significantly associated with any delirium(prevalence,incident,or fluctuating,during the study period(Waldχ2=12.231;u:

关键词： Delirium Pathophysiology Insulin-like growth factor-I Growth hormone Older people Physical illness Cognition Old age psychiatry

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婴儿纸尿裤市场:找准定位,持续改善

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生活用纸 2022年第1期22卷 54-57页

作者： karen McIntyre 不详

近年来,婴儿纸尿裤市场中新品牌激增,达到了前所未有的活跃度。新品牌、新营销手段改变了生产商与婴儿父母对话的方式。以前,婴儿纸尿裤市场由帮宝适和好奇等跨国品牌主导,然而,现在便利的代工生产服务出现以及更实惠的基于社交媒体的... 详细信息

近年来,婴儿纸尿裤市场中新品牌激增,达到了前所未有的活跃度。新品牌、新营销手段改变了生产商与婴儿父母对话的方式。以前,婴儿纸尿裤市场由帮宝适和好奇等跨国品牌主导,然而,现在便利的代工生产服务出现以及更实惠的基于社交媒体的营销平台,使婴儿纸尿裤市场的准入门槛越来越低。虽然Hello Bello、Honest、Abby&finn、Dyper等新兴品牌并未对婴儿纸尿裤的市场份额产生重大影响,但它们影响了各个公司产品设计和营销的方式,不仅宣传产品的性能优势,还传达出社会信息来影响消费者。非织造布和一次性卫生用品市场咨询公司Price Hanna的创始合伙人Pricie Hanna称,通过研究每个品牌,可以得知它们的品牌定位,各个品牌都在努力,满足消费者的特定需求,天然品牌也不例外。不论消费者是追求环境友好的纸尿裤,还是看重柔软且美观的纸尿裤,市场上总有一款适合您。

关键词：营销平台品牌定位代工生产市场咨询公司营销手段婴儿纸尿裤持续改善一次性卫生用品

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