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作者： Nisar Ahmad shinwari 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

作为出色的全息信息载体,超表面全息图具有亚波长像素的优势,从而带来了广阔的视角和更高的分辨率。同时,应该开发智能算法以充分利用超颖表面提供的灵活调制特性。在此,使用纳米孔超表面作为振幅调制装置来实现振幅全息图。采用GS算法... 详细信息

作为出色的全息信息载体,超表面全息图具有亚波长像素的优势,从而带来了广阔的视角和更高的分辨率。同时,应该开发智能算法以充分利用超颖表面提供的灵活调制特性。在此,使用纳米孔超表面作为振幅调制装置来实现振幅全息图。采用GS算法来获得对象“A”的幅值型全息图,只需添加/删除动态像素,即可使两个轮廓相互连接。设计了由纳米孔阵列组成的幅度型超表面,以证明该方案的可行性。这种幅度全息方法可以在可见光波长范围内偏振独立地工作,并且随着材料科学的发展,有望得到进一步的改进。这种方案有望应用于紧凑型数据存储,双模式识别,光学加密等。

关键词：仅振幅全息图纳米孔超颖表面 GS算法

Traditional medicines and their in-vitro proof against Staphylococcus aureus in Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第6期11卷 355-368页

作者： Muhammad Adnan Akash Tariq Roqaia Bibi Sakina Mussarat Bibi Fatima Nawab Ali Hazir Rahman Zabta Khan shinwari Department of Botany Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat 26000Pakistan Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat 26000Pakistan Department of Microbiology Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Objective:To gather the fragmented literature on ethnobotany,phytochemistry and in-vitro activities of medicinal plants of Pakistan being used against common infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***).Methods:A large number of published and unpublished research studies related to the ethnomedicinal,phytochemical and *** activity of medicinal flora of Pakistan published from 1990-2018 were reviewed using online bibliographic databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,ResearchGate and ***:*** can cause many human ailments including endocarditis,staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome,septic arthritis,respiratory problems with an estimated infection rate of 25%-35%across the *** review comprised of 86 medicinal *** showed that people mostly used leaves(50%)for the preparation of traditional *** analysis on the reviewed data revealed that methanolic extract concentrations of medicinal plants was highly significantly positive correlated(r=0.8;P<0.01)with the *** zone of *** reportedly showed complete resistant to the commonly used antibiotic *** compounds like altheahexacosanyl lactone,cinnamaldehyde,niloticane,gobicusin A,asparacosin A,muzanzagenin,isoagatharesinol,friedelin,inophynone and eugenol were active against *** study provided in-vitro proof for the flora of Pakistan used against different infections caused by ***:Antibacterial agents from natural sources could be more effective against bacterial pathogens and will be helpful in minimizing the adverse effects of synthetic drugs,and hence provides a base for the pharmaceutical industries.

关键词： Gram positive bacteria Herbal medicines Plant extracts Phytochemicals In-vitro

慢传输型便秘患者结肠切除术后生活质量的研究

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慢传输型便秘患者结肠切除术后生活质量的研究

作者： Hayatullah shinwari 中国医科大学

学位级别：硕士

背景:尽管已证明全结肠切除术或次全结肠切除术对治疗慢传输型便秘(Slow-transit constipation,STC)患者是有效的,但对STC患者行手术治疗后对其排便功能和生活质量短期和长期影响的研究还很少。目的:评估STC患者手术治疗后对排便功能和... 详细信息

背景:尽管已证明全结肠切除术或次全结肠切除术对治疗慢传输型便秘(Slow-transit constipation,STC)患者是有效的,但对STC患者行手术治疗后对其排便功能和生活质量短期和长期影响的研究还很少。目的:评估STC患者手术治疗后对排便功能和生活质量的影响。方法:对2017年3月至2021年9月期间在中国医科大学附属盛京医院普通外科接受手术的60名STC患者进行了检查。统计患者术前、术后3个月、6个月、1年和2年的随访详细信息:包括排便情况、是否存在腹痛、腹胀、排便费力、使用泻药、使用灌肠剂、腹泻以及Wexner便秘失禁评分表等,评估患者的排便功能。采用36项简表调查和胃肠道生活质量指数来评估患者的生活质量。结果:在2年的随访中,大多数患者(93.1%,54/58)表示他们从手术中受益。每个随访时间点与术前情况相比,患者每周排便次数显著增加(P<0.05);腹胀、排便费力、泻药使用和灌肠使用均显著低于术前值(P<0.05)。随访2年,术后腹泻能够得到有效控制和明显改善。术后6个月、1年和2年患者的Wexner便失禁评分显著低于术后3个月内的随访(P<0.05)。与术前数据相比,手术后患者Wexner便秘评分显著下降(P<0.05)。36项简表调查结果显示,术后6个方面(角色生理、角色情绪、生理疼痛、活力、心理健康和一般健康)有显著改善,胃肠道生活质量指数得分显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:除了减少与便秘相关的症状外,STC患者行全结肠或次全切除术还能改善患者的生活质量。

关键词：慢传输型便秘结肠切除术排便功能韦克斯纳便秘失禁量表生活质量胃肠道生活质量指数

脸书对南格哈尔大学新闻与公共关系学院学生学业成绩影响研究

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脸书对南格哈尔大学新闻与公共关系学院学生学业成绩影响研究

作者： Afsar Sadiq shinwari 河北大学

学位级别：硕士

随着社交媒体（特别是Facebook）的迅速兴起和日益普及,学生们开始在日常社交和学术生活中加入并使用它。实证研究表明,如今Facebook被认为是年轻一代和大学生中最受欢迎的在线社交平台之一。本研究旨在探讨使用脸谱网路对学生学习绩效... 详细信息

随着社交媒体（特别是Facebook）的迅速兴起和日益普及,学生们开始在日常社交和学术生活中加入并使用它。实证研究表明,如今Facebook被认为是年轻一代和大学生中最受欢迎的在线社交平台之一。本研究旨在探讨使用脸谱网路对学生学习绩效的影响,并以大众传播的使用与满足理论、游戏理论为基础。本研究仅对南加尔哈尔大学新闻与公共关系学院本科学生进行调查,设计问卷以评估Facebook使用对学生的影响为目的,采用随机抽样的方法对208名学生进行了调查。调查确定的变量是花在Facebook上的时间和学习成绩。本研究使用斯皮尔曼的相关系数理论来检验花在Facebook上的时间和学生的学习成绩之间的关系。此外,本研究还利用SPSS（2020）软件包对结果进行了分析。研究发现,Facebook的使用与学生的学习成绩呈极显著的负相关,说明Facebook的使用是导致学生整体GPA下降的一个原因。此外,研究还显示,Facebook的使用与学生的学习相关活动（参加额外课程并按时提交作业）呈高度负相关关系。相反,大多数学生的看法显示,他们使用Facebook是为了寻找新朋友,与老朋友和家人保持联系。因此,本研究研究指出,Facebook一方面是寻找新朋友、保持与亲戚联系的好工具,但另一方面,它又成为损害南加尔哈尔大学新闻与公共关系学院学生学业成绩的一大威胁。

关键词：社交媒体脸书学业成绩南加哈尔大学学生

Vitamin A supplement: a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children in Afghanistan

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Food Therapy and Health Care 2022年第2期4卷 4-9页

作者： Ahmad Mujtaba Barekzai Abdullah Sahar Naseer Ahmad shinwari Rseach Director Department of Public Health Spinghar Institute of Higher EducationKabul CampusAfghanistan Vice-chancellor of students’affairs Faculty MemberDepartment of MicrobiologySpinghar Institute of Higher EducationKabul CampusAfghanistan Faculty Member Department of Biotechnology and Microbial technologySpinghar Institute of Higher EducationKabul CampusAfghanistan Technical Manager of Food Safety KICWFPAfghanistan.

Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated *** Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young *** receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)***:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/*** 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this *** consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this ***:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among ***,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.

关键词： vitamin A deficiency supplement children age 6-59 months key strategy

DNA Fingerprinting of Essential Commercialized Medicinal Plants from Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2119-2132页

作者： Waqar Ahmad Khushi Muhammad Altaf Hussain Habib Ahmad Khalid Kahn Iqbal Ahmed Qarshi kamran Iqbal shinwari Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Youxiong Que Ayaz Khan Javed Iqbal Department of Genetics Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan Qarshi University Lahore and Qarshi Industries Hattar Pakistan School of Biological Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Women University Swabi Pakistan

Development of fingerprints based on DNA markers is necessary for proper identification and standardization of plant species. These techniques are widely used to develop an unquestionable method of plant identification to protect the patents and quality control for industry. In this study, fifteen commercially important medicinal plants of Pakistan were collected from botanical garden of Qarshi Industries (Pvt.) Ltd, Pakistan. The objective was to optimize the extraction of genomic DNA for use in a PCR-based random amplified polymorphic DNA marker approach. The initial protocol used 60 decamers to amplify scorable amplicons;only nine markers produced significant bands in genomic DNA of medicinal plants. These markers generated 51 bands ranging between 250 and 1600 bp. The most important property of genomic markers is polymorphism to enable specific identification;all the used markers showed 100% polymorphism across 15 different plants. Further, six decamers amplified specific bands to reliably identify 8 species. The amplified bands were arranged in a binary matrix and analyzed by DNAMAN version 5.2.2 statistical software. A homology tree was constructed using binary data for nine markers, and four major clusters/clades were observed. The Rose, Mentha and Stevia accessions had shown clear clustering and grouped in major clusters/clads I, II and III respectively. Sixty decamers amplified 51 polymorphic loci in the genomes of 15 commercially valuable accessions. Moreover clear phylogenetic construction was observed in the generation of homolog tree. This protocol could therefore be useful to provide a baseline to authenticate, identify and perform phylogenetic analysis of important medicinal plants used in the Pakistani herbal medicine industry.

关键词： RAPD Decamers Medicinal Plants DNA Fingerprinting

Screening for variants in the <i>MUTYH</i>gene in Saudis

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Open Journal of Genetics 2011年第3期1卷 70-77页

作者： Jameela shinwari Abdulla Alamri Mohammad Alanazi Nada Al Tassan 不详

MUTYH is a base excision repair glycosylase responsible for correcting the G:A mismatches that arise from replication of a damaged DNA, such impairment results from attacks by reactive oxygen species that are produced from different sources including cigarette smoking. The produced reactive oxygen species trigger the oxidation of guanine in to 8-oxo-G and the latter mispairs with adenine. Alterations in the MUTYH gene can affect its glycosylase function and hence the DNA repair capacity that is tightly linked to cancer development. Defects in the MUTYH were found to be associated with predisposition to colorectal cancer;the third most common cancer in the world. Although some studies suggested the existence of an ethnic differentiation among MUTYH mutations, there are no documented reports regarding this gene in Saudi cases or controls so far. 153 healthy Saudi individuals including smokers were screened for the IVS1 + 5 G/C, V22M, Y165C, R231C, H324Q and G382D MUTYH variants using either ARMS or RFLP or direct sequencing. Allelic frequencies were calculated and were found to be as follows: IVS1 + 5 G/C = 1/0, V22M = 0.99/0.01, Y165C = 1/0, R231C = 1/0, H324Q = 0.29/0.71 and G382D = 0.997/0.003. Comparison of the allele frequencies between Saudis and other populations revealed a significant difference between the Saudis and Europeans for the V22M (p-value: 0.0003, OR: 5.899, 95% CI: 1.999 - 17.408);and between the Saudis and Asians for the H324Q (p-value: MUTYH variants in Saudi populations and support the existence of an ethnic difference between MUTYH variants which is beneficial as some MUTYH common polymorphisms in certain populations may correlate with disease predisposition in other rare populations.

关键词： MUTYH Allele Frequencies Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Mutations Colorectal Cancer

Public health care in Afghanistan: An investigation in suboptimal utilization of facilities

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Health 2012年第10期4卷 794-801页

作者： Lakhwinder P. Singh Anupama Sharma Manish Kumar Sidiq shinwari Afghanistan Centre for Training and Development Kabul Afghanistan Indian Institute of Technology Patna India International Institute of Health Management Research Delhi India

Afghanistan has made strides in increasing access to health care services since 2001 however it is still battling with poor utilization of services. In order to enhance demand for services a study was conducted to explore answers to the questions on knowledge, attitude and practices of communities in relation to healthcare services. The study design was cross-sectional qualitative spanning in six provinces representing geographical and ethno cultural regions of the country. In each of the six provinces, two districts were selected through mixed sampling technique representing urban-rural population. A total of 48 villages were selected in twelve districts. The study was conducted from September 2009 to March 2010. The study highlights poor heath seeking behavior associated with physical accessibility including high cost of transportation, socio-cultural barriers for women, awareness and trust for public health facilities. The system based issues adds to prevailing access related barriers such as privacy, efficiency and availability within health facilities;lack of female physicians and, aspects of behavior and attitude, and governance issues.

关键词： Utilization Women Access Attitude behavior Socio-Cultural Barriers Medicines Poverty Community

A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 123-128页

作者： Asad Zia Muhammad Ali Hafsa Aziz Muhammad Zia Zabta Khan shinwari Abida Raza Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Nuclear Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute(NORI) IslamabadPakistan National Institute of Lasers and Optronics(NILOP) Nanomedicine Research LabsIslamabadPakistan

Background:Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus(HCV).Most patients develop chronic hepatitis,with rare cases of spontaneous ***,little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in ***:This case study describes a 47-year-old male diagnosed with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection in *** an initial diagnosis of viral infection,the patient remained treatment naïve for 5 *** received two therapy cycles of interferon(IFN)plus ribavirin(RBV)in 2007 and 2010,however,he was non-responsive to the *** patient then received an additional two treatment cycles of pegylated IFNα-2b plus RBV(in 2011 and 2013);he was still *** 2016,the patient underwent sofosbuvir plus RBV combination therapy,however,the sustained virological response was still not *** host genetic factor was found to be heterozygous guanine and thymine(GT)and cytosine and thymine(CT)genotypes of rs8099917 and rs12979860 polymorphism of IL28B,*** analysis suggests that the resistant variant belong to an out-group and may require triple ***:This is the first case that reports on a HCV-infected individual who was a non-responder to multiple IFN therapies in *** studies are needed to understand multidrug-resistant HCV variants in the Pakistani population.

关键词： patient infected multidrug