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Analyzing the surface passivity effect of germanium oxynitride:a comprehensive approach through first principles simulation and interface state density

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 74-84页

作者： Sheng-Jie Du Xiu-Xia Li Yang Tian Yuan-Yuan Liu ke jia Zhong-Zheng Tang jian-Ping Cheng Zhi Deng Yu-Lan Li Zheng-Cao Li Sha-Sha Lv College of Nuclear Science and Technology Joint Laboratory of Jinping Ultra‑Low Radiation Background Measurement of Ministry of Ecology and Environment key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Joint Research Center Nuctech Company LimitedBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Key Laboratory of Particle&Radiation Imaging of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy resolution.The surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achieving an extremely low energy threshold.In this study,first-principles simulations,passivation film preparation,and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)capacitor characterization were combined to study surface passivation.Theoretical calculations of the energy band structure of the -H,-OH,and -NH_(2) passivation groups on the surface of Ge were performed,and the interface state density and potential with five different passivation groups with N/O atomic ratios were accurately analyzed to obtain a stable surface state.Based on the theoretical calculation results,the surface passivation layers of the Ge_(2)ON_(2) film were prepared via magnetron sputtering in accordance with the optimum atomic ratio structure.The microstructure,C-V,and I-V electrical properties of the layers,and the passivation effect of the Al/Ge_(2)ON_(2)/Ge MOS were characterized to test the interface state density.The mean interface state density obtained by the Terman method was 8.4×10^(11) cm^(-2) eV^(-1).The processing of germanium oxynitrogen passivation films is expected to be used in direct dark matter detection of the HPGe detector surface passivation technology to reduce the detector leakage currents.

关键词： Surface passivation High purity germanium detector Germanium nitrogen oxide Interface state density

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Evaluation of genetic response of mesenchymal stem cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields by whole transcriptome sequencing

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 305-323页

作者： jian-Jing Lin Tong Ning Shi-Cheng jia ke-jia Li Yong-Can Huang Qiang Liu jian-Hao Lin Xin-Tao Zhang Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Medical Science The Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250033Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Arthritis Clinical and Research Center Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)modulated by various exogenous signals have been applied extensively in regenerative medicine research.Notably,nanosecond pulsed electric fields(nsPEFs),characterized by short duration and high strength,significantly influence cell phenotypes and regulate MSCs differentiation via multiple pathways.Consequently,we used transcriptomics to study changes in messenger RNA(mRNA),long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),microRNA(miRNA),and circular RNA expression during nsPEFs application.AIM To explore gene expression profiles and potential transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in MSCs pretreated with nsPEFs.METHODS The impact of nsPEFs on the MSCs transcriptome was investigated through whole transcriptome sequencing.MSCs were pretreated with 5-pulse nsPEFs(100 ns at 10 kV/cm,1 Hz),followed by total RNA isolation.Each transcript was normalized by fragments per kilobase per million.Fold change and difference significance were applied to screen the differentially expressed genes(DEGs).Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed to elucidate gene functions,complemented by quantitative polymerase chain reaction verification.RESULTS In total,263 DEGs were discovered,with 92 upregulated and 171 downregulated.DEGs were predominantly enriched in epithelial cell proliferation,osteoblast differentiation,mesenchymal cell differentiation,nuclear division,and wound healing.Regarding cellular components,DEGs are primarily involved in condensed chromosome,chromosomal region,actin cytoskeleton,and kinetochore.From aspect of molecular functions,DEGs are mainly involved in glycosaminoglycan binding,integrin binding,nuclear steroid receptor activity,cytoskeletal motor activity,and steroid binding.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed targeted transcript regulation.CONCLUSION Our systematic investigation of the wide-ranging transcriptional pattern modulated by nsPEFs revealed the differential expression of 263 mRNAs,2 miRNAs,and 65 lncRNAs.Our study demons

关键词： Nanosecond pulsed electric fields Whole transcriptome sequencing Mesenchymal stem cells Genetic response Stem cell engineering

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Simplified liver imaging reporting and data system for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2439-2448页

作者： Rong Lyu Wei-Juan Hu Di Wang jiao Wang Yu-Bing Ye ke-Feng jia Department of Radiology Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical DiseasesArtificial Cell Engineering Technology Research CenterTianjin 300170China

BACKGROUND The liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)diagnostic table has 15 cells and is too complex.The diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is not satisfactory on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(EOB-MRI).AIM To evaluate the ability of the simplified LI-RADS(sLI-RADS)to diagnose HCC on EOB-MRI.METHODS A total of 331 patients with 356 hepatic observations were retrospectively analysed.The diagnostic performance of sLI-RADS A-D using a single threshold was evaluated and compared with LI-RADS v2018 to determine the optimal sLIRADS.The algorithms of sLI-RADS A-D are as follows:The single threshold for sLI-RADS A and B was 10 mm,that is,classified observations≥10mm using an algorithm of 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS A)and≥20 mm observations(sLI-RADS B)in the diagnosis table of LI-RADS v2018,respectively,while the classification algorithm remained unchanged for observations0.999).With HBP hypointensity as an MF,the sensitivity of F-sLI-RADS was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(93.0%vs 87.0%,P<0.001)and sLI-RADS D(93.0%vs 89.8%,P=0.016),without a lower specificity(86.5%vs 90.1%,P=0.062;86.5%vs 89.4%,P=0.125).Compared with that of LI-RADS v2018,the time to classify lesions according to FsLI-RADS was shorter(51±

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance imaging Liver Diagnosis Contrast agent

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Regulating Empathy: Exploring the Process through Agents and Strategies

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第12期25卷 1265-1285页

作者： ke jia Xiuli Liu School of Psychology Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

Empathy is a complex emotional phenomenon that plays a crucial role in promoting cooperation and social cohesion within human society.However,there is ongoing debate regarding the mechanisms that underlie the generation of empathy.While the importance of biological emotional resonance in empathy is widely recognized,the inﬂuence of cognitive regulation on empathetic responses cannot be disregarded.This article seeks to review the agents and strategies involved in regulating empathy to construct a dynamic model depicting the process.The model highlights that the impact of speciﬁc goals on empathy regulation is not deﬁnitive;rather,it depends on an individual’s interpretation and pursuit of goals,which can either enhance or hinder empathy.To effectively regulate empathy,individuals employ various emotion regulation strategies,the effectiveness and frequency of which can vary depending on individual and contextual factors.This context provides a speciﬁc pathway for understanding the generation of empathy.Further research should be conducted to systematically investigate the regulatory mechanisms of empathy by integrating contextual factors and individual characteristics.Furthermore,it is incredibly important to enhance the impact of empathy on social interactions by utilizing its ability to be controlled for intervention and prediction purposes.

关键词： Empathy regulation goal assessment motivation

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Tunable Luminescence Properties and Elucidating the Electronic Structures of Single-Phase Spherical BaWO 4:Dy^(3+),Tm^(3+),Eu^(3+)Phosphors for Warm-White-Lighting

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第2期10卷 431-451页

作者： Zun Bi ke jia Yunfei Liu Yinong Lyu State key Laboratory of Materials–Orient Chemical Engineering College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM) NanjingChina jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites NanjingChina

A series of uniform single-phase spherical BaWO 4:Dy^(3+),Tm^(3+),Eu^(3+)phosphors were prepared via a microwave hydrothermal method by using trisodium citrate dehydrate as surfactant.The phase structure,morphology and photoluminescence properties were measured by powder X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope and fluorescence spectrometer,respectively.The results show that uniform spherical microcrystals with diameters in the range of 2–4μm are obtained.And the phase and morphology of samples are not significantly changed by doping rare earth(RE^(3+))ions.Under the excitation wavelength of 356 and 365 nm,the samples BaWO 4:0.03Dy^(3+),yTm^(3+)can emit cold white light.In order to lower the correlated color temperature(CCT)to get a warm white light,the Eu^(3+)ions were doped into BaWO 4:0.03Dy^(3+),0.01Tm^(3+).Especially,under the excitation of 365 nm,BaWO 4:0.03Dy^(3+),0.01Tm^(3+),0.03Eu^(3+)phosphor shew a bright warm white light with color coordi-nate of(0.4013,0.3629)and CCT of 3288 K.Moreover,in the BaWO 4:Dy^(3+),Tm^(3+),Eu^(3+)phosphors,the energy transfer mechanism among Dy^(3+),Tm^(3+)and Eu^(3+)ions have been discussed and the change of electron structures have been calculated by first-principles calculations.The results shew that the uniform single-phase spherical BaWO 4:Dy^(3+),Tm^(3+),Eu^(3+)phosphors could be favorable candidates in warm white LEDs.

关键词： Barium tungstate microwave hydrothermal method spherical warm white lighting electron structures

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Review on Renewable Energy Source Fault Characteristics Analysis

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第4期8卷 963-972页

作者： Tianshu Bi Bin Yang ke jia Liming Zheng Qian Liu Qixun Yang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The increase of renewable energy sources(RESs),especially wind power and photovoltaic,is bringing different fault features to the power system compared with the traditional syn-chronous generator,resulting in the urgent need for precise fault analysis.According to the sequentially activated fault features,the short circuit characteristics of RES can be divided into three fault stages.Within the staged framework of fault duration,the published research is reviewed to provide a systematic analysis of RES fault characteristics.It's concluded that the hardware parameter determines the sub-transient fault features of RES,whereas RES control begins to dominate during the following transient stage.However,the neglection of voltage transition and unavailable RES output phase shall impede the application of the analytical conclusions in protection design.To solve the existing problems,interaction among RES and networks must be figured out.Therefore,the fault calculation of the integral RES-grid system is offered as the research prospect.

关键词： Fault characteristics analysis fault stages renewable energy sources

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短肠综合征相关肠衰竭的营养支持治疗

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中华胃肠外科杂志 2024年第3期27卷 231-235页

作者：柯嘉康亮中山大学附属第六医院普通外科(移植外科/小肠外科)、广东省结直肠盆底疾病研究重点实验室、广州市黄埔区中六生物医学创新研究院广州510655

肠衰竭是指由于肠道功能降低而不能维持正常的消化吸收功能,导致全身代谢紊乱并需要长期补充营养以维持健康及生长的综合征。短肠综合征(SBS)是肠衰竭的主要原因之一,SBS患者存在巨大差异,其营养治疗策略应强调个体化。本文以SBS为主线... 详细信息

肠衰竭是指由于肠道功能降低而不能维持正常的消化吸收功能,导致全身代谢紊乱并需要长期补充营养以维持健康及生长的综合征。短肠综合征(SBS)是肠衰竭的主要原因之一,SBS患者存在巨大差异,其营养治疗策略应强调个体化。本文以SBS为主线,结合其解剖和病程特点,介绍肠衰竭患者营养支持治疗的方案及经验。

关键词：肠衰竭短肠综合征营养支持治疗

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Pilot Protection Based on Amplitude Comparison for Renewable Power Teed Lines

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第6期8卷 1519-1529页

作者： ke jia Zhe Yang Yu Fang Zhengxuan Zhu Liming Zheng Tianshu Bi Ali Hooshyar State key Laboratory of Alternative Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G4Canada

Fault behaviors of inverter-interfaced renewable energy generators(IIREGs)are quite diverse from those of synchronous generators(SGs).They show the variable system impedance,the limited current and low inertia,so the proportional brake differential protection installed on the transmission line has a high risk of failure for phase-phase failures.To cope with this adaptive problem,a new pilot protection is proposed considering the huge differences in both current amplitudes.Also,an improved criterion is presented for a scenario with a teed line.The existing protection principles focus excessively on the fault current characteristics of IIREGs,so they cannot operate correctly once IIREGs do not output their fault current.This happens when IIREGs produce no power or the circuit breakers exactly reclose on permanent failures.However,the proposed method has good performance for the above cases.The proposed method only requires current amplitude information,and in this case the strict synchronizing measurement is not necessary.Case studies are performed under different fault conditions,and they confirm the proposed method has good performance under different fault conditions.Furthermore,it is also verified using field-testing data.

关键词： Current amplitude inverter-interfaced renewable energy generators pilot protection teed line

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Es-SOX8 regulates the morphological changes of the sperm nucleus of Eriocheir sinensis by activating Es-BMP2 transcription

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BIOCELL 2022年第11期46卷 2399-2413页

作者： ke jia FU-QING TAN SHUANG-LI HAO WAN-XI YANG The Sperm Laboratory College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China The First Affiliated Hospital College of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310003China

The SRY-related high mobility group(HMG)box(SOX)transcription factors participate in many physiological processes of animal growth,development,and reproduction and are related to spermatogenesis in many species.However,the relationship between SOX and spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis is rarely reported.Here,we studied the role of Es-SOX8 in the spermatogenesis of E.sinensis and its possible regulation mechanism.Immunofluorescence results demonstrated Es-SOX8 signal in both cytoplasm and nucleus of spermatogonia,spermatocytes as well as spermatids,but not in mature spermatozoa.Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed a significant increase in the number of spermatozoa with abnormal nuclear morphology in vivo,described as prominent edges and corners,after the knockdown of Es-SOX8 through RNA interference.This indicated a possible role of Es-SOX8 in the nuclear deformation process in the spermatogenesis of E.sinensis.Analysis of the mRNA levels of Es-bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2)in the Es-Sox8 knocked-down testis tissue revealed significantly decreased transcription of Es-BMP2.Chromatin immunoprecipitation results showed the binding of Es-SOX8 protein to the promoter region of Es-BMP2.Thus,Es-SOX8 can directly regulate the transcription of Es-BMP2 by activating the promoter of Es-BMP2 and thus affects the sperm nucleus deformation of E.sinensis.

关键词： SOX Transcription factor Spermatogenesis BMP2

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Treatment of primary nasal tuberculosis with anti-tumor necrosis factor immunotherapy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3271-3276页

作者： Yong-Cai Liu Min-Li Zhou ke-jia Cheng Shui-Hong Zhou Xue Wen Department of Otolaryngology The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangZhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Otolaryngology The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Primary nasal tuberculosis(TB)is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB,particularly in patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)immunotherapy.As a result,its diagnosis remains challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old male patient presented to the ear,nose,and throat department with right-sided nasal obstruction and bloody discharge for 1 month.He was diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis and received anti-TNF immunotherapy for 3 years prior to presentation.Biopsy findings revealed chronic granulomatous inammation and a few acid-fast bacilli,suggestive of primary nasal TB.He was referred to our TB management department for treatment with oral anti-TB agents.After 9 months,the nasal lesions had disappeared.No recurrence was noted during follow-up.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of primary nasal TB should be considered in patients receiving TNF antagonists who exhibit thickening and crusting of the nasal septum mucosa or inferior turbinate,particularly when pathological findings suggest granulomatous inflammation.

关键词： Primary nasal tuberculosis Anti-tumor necrosis factor immunotherapy Granulomatous inflammation Psoriatic arthritis acid-fast bacilli Case report

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