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Absorption of methionine sources in animals-is there more to know?

Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 159-170页

作者： Philippe Becquet Mercedes Vazquez-Anon Yves Mercier Dolores I.Batonon-Alavo Frances Yan karen Wedekind Tahir Mahmood IMAA BrusselsBelgium Novus International Saint CharlesMissouriUSA Adisseo France SAS AntonyFrance

This literature review evaluates the absorption of methionine (Met) sources such as 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid (HMTBa), its calcium salts (HMTBa-Ca), and DL-methionine (DL-Met) by focusing on the state of knowledge regarding the absorption mechanism, experimental methodology, and factors affecting their absorption. The 2 Met sources differ in mechanism and site of absorption due to differences in their chemical characteristics and enzymatic conversion. This review addresses diffusion- and transport-mediated absorption systems for amino acids and carboxylic compounds, best elucidated by in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models. Opportunities and limitations in the use of radioisotopes to depict absorption sites as well as host and microbial metabolism are described. Physiological and environmental conditions that lead to changes in gut absorptive capacity and the impact of Met source absorption are also evaluated. This review concludes that any comparison between HMTBa and DL-Met should consider their different behaviors during the absorption phase. Hence, the chemical characteristics of these 2 molecules entail different absorption sites and mechanisms, from passive absorption in the case of HMTBa and HMTBa-Ca to active transporters for DL-Met, HMTBa, and HMTBa-Ca. In addition, the different conversion modes of these 2 molecules further differentiate their absorption modes. Considering these important differences, it is easier to understand the apparent divergence between the conclusions of existing publications. When comparing these 2 molecules, it is recommended to properly adapt to the conditions under which the absorption of Met sources is evaluated.

关键词： DL-Methionine Hydroxy-analog of methionine 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid AbsorptionM ethodology

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An integrative bioinformatics pipeline shows that honeybee-associated microbiomes are driven primarily by pollen composition

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 555-568页

作者： Douglas Chesters Xiuwei Liu karen L.Bell Michael C.Orr Tingting Xie Qingsong Zhou Chaodong Zhu Key Laboratory ofZoological Systematics andEvolution Institute ofZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina International College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina Institute of Agro-Products Processing Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunmingChina School of Biological Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia cSIRO Health&Biosecurity FloreatWAAustralia College of Life Sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Biological Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The microbiomes associated with bee nests influence colony health through various mechanisms,although it is not yet clear how honeybee congeners differ in microbiome assembly processes,in particular the degrees to which floral visitations and the environment contribute to different aspects of *** used DNA metabarcoding to sequence bacterial 16S rRNA from honey and stored pollen from nests of 4 honeybee species(Apis cerana,***,***,and ***)sampled throughout Yunnan,China,a global biodiversity *** developed a computational pipeline integrating multiple databases for quantifying key facets of diversity,including compositional,taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional ***,we assessed candidate drivers of observed microbiome dissimilarity,particularly differences in floral visitations,habitat disturbance,and other key environmental *** revealed that microbiome alpha diversity was broadly equivalent across the study sites and between bee species,apart from functional diversity which was very low in nests of the reclusive *** in microbiome composition across Yunnan was driven predominantly by pollen *** disturbance negatively impacted both compositional and phylogenetic alpha diversity of nest microbiomes,but did not correlate with microbial *** herein make progress in understanding microbiome diversity associated with key pollinators in a biodiversity hotspot,and provide a model for the use of a comprehensive informatics framework in assessing pattern and drivers of diversity,which enables the inclusion of explanatory variables both subtly and fundamentally different and enables elucidation of emergent or unexpected drivers.

关键词： Apis biodiversity hotspot honeybee informatics metabarcoding microbiome

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Letter to the Editor: Critical need for effective communication skills education in nursing

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第4期5卷 432-433页

作者： karen Graham Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology 322 Hardy StreetPrivate Bag 19Nelson7010New Zealand

Dear Editor,Wei,Ming,Cheng,Bian,Ming,&Wei(2018)[1],state that specific communication problems were linked to 17.5%of all complaints,but in reality other categories,totalling 83.7%of all complaints,have a clear(verbal and non-verbal)communication component;uncaring attitudes(26.7%),unsatisfactory quality of treatment and competence(26.5%)and processes of care(13.0%).Highlighting this point are the examples given by patients in relation to complaints categorised as uncaring attitudes,included"displayed indifferent expressions,used unfriendly language tones,were impatient with patients'questions,or did not give thorough explanations when answering questions".The authors suggest theory-guided strategies to assist with nursing *** advocate the need for this to be instilled in nursing *** providers for health professionals aim to improve communication skills through formal education[2-4].Wei et al.(2018)[1]state the Chinese curriculum for medicine focuses on science more than humane or caring *** education providers are able to effectively educate health professionals of the critical nature of communication for their future practice and work place requirements[5].

关键词： nursing education communication

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An update on the management of chronic hepatitis D

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第6期7卷 396-402,I0001页

作者： Pir Ahmad Shah Saad Choudhry karen J.Campoverde Reyes Daryl T.Y.Lau Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Neuroendocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Hepatitis D virus(HDV)infection is associated with severe liver-related morbidity and *** prevalence of HDV is rising especially among people who abuse drugs and immigrants from endemic *** diagnostic assays with enhanced sensitivity and specificity are essential for screening at-risk *** recently,interferon has been the only treatment for hepatitis *** efficacy is,however,limited and it is associated with significant side effects.A number of novel antiviral agents that target various stages of the HDV life cycle show promising *** are currently in different phases of clinical *** review focuses on the changing epidemiology,novel therapeutic agents,and updated management of chronic hepatitis delta.

关键词： chronic hepatitis D HDV therapy HDV diagnostics interferon myrcludex B lonafarnib

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Risk Factors for Abuse in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Presenting at a Pediatric Tertiary Care Hospital

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第6期18卷 657-670页

作者： Kristi K.Westphaln karen Kay Imagawa Lorena Espinosa Smith Julia Srivastava Nancy A.Pike School of Nursing University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital Los AngelesAudrey Hepburn CARES CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Critical Care MedicineChildren’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Heart Institute Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Background:Congenital heart disease(CHD)is a chronic medical condition often diagnosed at birth and requires surgical intervention,multiple hospitalizations,and lifelong *** can put signiﬁcant stress on the family,leading to altered maternal mental health,bonding and attachment issues,and the potential for child *** purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of a sample of young children with CHD who experienced hospitalization with concurrent concern for child abuse in a free-standing pediatric tertiary care ***:Electronic medical records were reviewed for children aged 0–5 years old who were hospitalized with concern for child abuse between 2016 and *** were extracted related to the history of presenta-tion,and sociodemographics including SDOH,admission,and discharge condition/*** statis-tics were used to characterize the sample and correlations to identify an association with abuse ***:Out of 251 hospitalizations involving concern for child abuse,49(19.5%)had a diagnosis of *** majority of cases were neglect(51%),<1 year of age(80%),male(57%),Hispanic ethnicity(45%),and publicly insured(90%).CHD severity was moderate to severe(71%)with multiple co-occurring medical conditions(genetic syn-drome,failure to thrive(FTT),prematurity,history of a feeding tube,developmental delay,and intrauterine drug exposure).Correlations associated with physical abuse were age,maternal mental health,head injury,and history of Child Protective Services(CPS)*** correlated with age,FTT,head injury,history of a feeding tube,previous CPS involvement,and substance *** speciﬁcally related to prenatal substance use included age,maternal mental health status,history of domestic violence,CPS involvement,feeding tube,FTT,lack of housing,employment status,and public ***:Our study highlights the risk for abuse in children with CHD,regardless of defect *** most com

关键词： Child maltreatment intrauterine substance exposure failure to thrive

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Which strategy after first-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8921-8927页

作者： Coinu Andrea Petrelli Fausto Borgonovo karen Francesca Cabiddu Mary Ghilardi Mara Lonati Veronica Barni Sandro Medical Oncology Unit Oncology Department Azienda Ospedaliera di Treviglio Treviglio 24047 BG Italy

Second-line therapy for advanced colorectal cancer is an integral part of the treatment strategy that needs to be set from the beginning for each patient, bearing in mind the expected toxicities of chosen treatments, the patient's clinical condition, comorbidities, preferences, the aims of the treatment and the molecular status. Furthermore, the distinction between lines of therapy is no longer absolute. The perspective of "continuum of care" includes switching chemotherapy prior to disease progression, maintenance therapy, drug "holidays" if needed, surgical resection of metastases in selected patients, and seems to allow a tailored treatment, in which patients are more likely to benefit from exposure to all active agents, which is known to correlate with overall survival. The scenario of second-line treatment has changed dramatically over the years and could currently benefit from several options including chemotherapy with a single agent or in combination and the addition of molecular-targeted agents developed in the last decade, such as epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies(cetuximab, panitumumab) and vascular endothelial growth factor-targeting agents(bevacizumab, aflibercept), with the possibility of bevacizumab use even beyond first progression. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most important scientific data supporting the use of chemotherapy and the new biologic agents in the second-line setting in advanced colorectal cancer.

关键词： Advanced colorectal cancer Second-line Targeted agents Polychemotherapy Overall survival

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Effects of alkaline-electrolyzed and hydrogen-rich water,in a high-fat-diet nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mouse model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5095-5108页

作者： karen Jackson Noa Dressler Rotem S Ben-Shushan Ari Meerson Tyler W LeBaron Snait Tamir Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences MIGAL-Galilee Research InstituteKyriat Shmona 11016Israel Tel Hai College Upper Galilee 12110Israel Center of Experimental Medicine Institute for Heart ResearchSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84005Slovakia Molecular Hydrogen Institute UT 48101United States

AIM To identify the effect of hydrogen-rich water(HRW) and electrolyzed-alkaline water(EAW) on high-fat-induced non-alcoholic fatty acid disease in *** Mice were divided into four groups:(1) Regular diet(RD)/regular water(RW);(2) high-fat diet(HFD)/RW;(3) RD/EAW; and(4) HFD/EAW. Weight and body composition were measured. After twelve weeks, animals were sacrificed, and livers were processed for histology and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A similar experiment was performed using HRW to determine the influence and importance of molecular hydrogen(H2) in EAW. Finally, we compared the response of hepatocytes isolated from mice drinking HRW or RW to palmitate *** EAW had several properties important to the study:(1) pH = 11;(2) oxidation-reduction potential of-495 mV; and(3) H2 = 0.2 mg/L. However, in contrast to other studies, there were no differences between the groups drinking EAW or RW in either the RD or HFD groups. We hypothesized that the null result was due to low H2 concentrations. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of RW and low and high HRW concentrations(L-HRW = 0.3 mg H2/L and H-HRW = 0.8 mg H2/L, respectively) in mice fed an HFD. Compared to RW and L-HRW, H-HRW resulted in a lower increase in fat mass(46% vs 61%), an increase in lean body mass(42% vs 28%), and a decrease in hepatic lipid accumulation(P < 0.01). Lastly, exposure of hepatocytes isolated from mice drinking H-HRW to palmitate overload demonstrated a protective effect from H2 by reducing hepatocyte lipid accumulation in comparison to mice drinking regular *** H2 is the therapeutic agent in electrolyzed-alkaline water and attenuates HFD-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

关键词： Hydrogen-rich-water Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Alkaline water Metabolic syndrome Molecular hydrogen High-fat diet

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Development of a sample preparation approach to measure the size of nanoparticle aggregates by electron microscopy

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Particuology 2019年第4期17卷 49-57页

作者： Agnieszka Dudkiewicz Angela Lehner Qasim Chaudhry Kristian Molhave Guenter Allmaier karen Tiede Alistair B.A. Boxall Peter Hofmann John Lewis The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton York Y041 1LZ UK Department of Environment The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK National Centre for Food Manufacturing The University of Lincoln Holbeach PE12 7AG UK Research Group Bio- and Polymer Analysis Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) Getreidemarkt 9 A-1060 Vienna Austria University of Chester Parkgate Road Chester CH1 4BJ UK Department of Micro and Nanotechnology Technical University of Denmark DTU Bldg 345b Lyngby 2800 Denmark Research Centre for Global Food Security and Ecosystems University of Hohenheim Wollgrasweg 43 70155 Stuttgart Germany Department of Geoinformatics - Z.GIS University of Salzburg Schillerstr. 30 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Electron microscopy (EM) is widely used for nanoparticle (NP) sizing. Following an initial assessment of two sample preparation protocols described in the current literature as"unperturbed", we found that neither could accurately measure the size of NPs featuring a broad size distribution, e.g., aggregates. Because many real-world NP samples consist of aggregates, this finding was of considerable concern. The data showed that the protocols introduced errors into the measurement by either inducing agglomeration artefacts or providing a skewed size distribution towards small particles (skewing artefact). The focus of this work was to develop and apply a mathematical refinement to correct the skewing artefact. This refinement provided a much improved agreement between EM and a reference methodology, when applied to the measurement of synthetic amorphous silica NPs. Further investigation, highlighted the influence of NP chemistry on the refinement. This study emphasised the urgent need for greater and more detailed consideration regarding the sample preparation of NP aggregates to routinely achieve accurate measurements by EM. This study also provided a novel refinement solution applicable to the size characterisation of silica and c让rate-coated gold NPs featuring broad size distributions. With further research, this approach could be extended to other NP types.

关键词： Nanoparticles Aggregates Measurement Electron microscopy Sample preparation Artefacts

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Impact of androgen deprivation therapy on sexua function： a response

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 793-794页

作者： Erik Wibowo Richard Wassersug karen Warkentin Lauren Walker John Robinson Lori Brotto Thomas Johnson Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Men's Health Initiative of B.C. Department of Urologic SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department of Biology Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychosocial Resources Tom Baker Cancer CentreCalgaryAB T2S 3C1Canada UBC Sexual Health Lab Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreDepartment of Obstetrics/GynecologyDivision of Gynecologic OncologyVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department of Anthropology California State UniversityFultonCA 95439-0050USA

Dear Editors, We appreciate the growing patients and survivors. Mazzola interest in sexual health for cancer and Mulhall＇s recent paper,a however, creates the impression that rewarding sex is not possible for prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy （ADT）. This impression, we believe, is not scientifically justified,

关键词： androgen therapy estosterone

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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： Daphne Michels Sarah H.E.Verkempinck Agnese Panozzo karen Vermeulen Marc E.Hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed ***,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation ***,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).Hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid *** effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mM,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial *** values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,*** findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase *** rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt ***,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher *** conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken Emulsion

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