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Toxicity Evaluation of Freshwater Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806: Ⅱ Nephrotoxicity in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1997年第1期10卷 93-101页

作者： R. BHATTACHARYA k. sugendran R. S. DANGI AND P. V. LAk.HMANA RAO (Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Synthetic Chem istry, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 002, India) (Address correspondence t Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior India.

Nephrotoxic potential of laboratory cultures of freshwater cyanobacterium (blue-green al ga) Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 (Pasteur Institute) was assessed in male rats. The ani mals were injected intraperitoneally with 0. 5, 1. 0 and 2. 0 LD50 doses of lyophilized cell ex tract. Elevated plasma urea and creatinine levels were accompanied by decrease in protein and albumin levels, followed by hematuria, proteinuria and bilirubinuria. Also decrease in k.dney lactate dehydrogenase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase indicated possible nephrotoxic po tential of the cyanobacteria. The extract also produced various hematological changes associat ed with stagnant type of hypoxia. High perfomance liquid chromatography of the culture I dentified the active principle (toxin) as Microcystin-LR

关键词： PCC Nephrotoxicity in Rats Toxicity Evaluation of Freshwater Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806

Protective Efficacy of Calcium Channel Block.rs in Sulphur Mustard Poisoning

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1998年第4期11卷 363-369页

作者： P.k.MAZMDER k.sugendran 等 DerenceResearchandDevelopmentEstablishment Gwaliou－474002India DerenceResearchandDevelopmentEstablis

The present study was designed to ascertain the in vivo protective efficacy of Ca2+ channel block.rs against dermally applied sulphny mustard (SM). Male albino mice were exposed to 1. 5 LD50 of SM (232 mg/k.) percutaneously and the control group received an equal volume of vehicle (polyethylene glycol 300). Prior to SM application, the animals were administered nifedipine and dextrose saline containing antibiotic by intraperitoneal route. The protection assessed by the mean survival time (MST) was determined by Dunnett's method. The MST was significantly increased in nifedipine treated *** characteristic biochemical indices of SM intoxication, i. e. lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in liver from animals sacrificed at 24, 48 and 72 h after exposure. SM application (1 LD50) caused a reduction in GSH level which was restored in nifedipine treated group. SM-induced lipid peroxidation was also prevented by nifedipine administration. The protective effect of nifedipine may be related to its capacity of attenuating SM-induced lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion

关键词： SULFUR MUSTARD ANTIOXIDANT ANTAGONISTS TOXICOLOGY MEMBRANE CELLS RATS

Acute Toxicity of Methyl Isocyanate in Mammals. IV Biochemical and Hematological Changes in Rabbits

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第4期4卷 384-391页

作者： k.JEEVARATNAM R.BHATTACHARYA k.sugendran C.S.VAIDYANATHAN Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology Defence R & D Establishment Gwalior IndiaDivision of Pharmacology & Toxicology Defence R & D Establishment Gwalior IndiaDivision of Pharmacology & Toxicology Defence R & D Establishment Gwalior IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India

Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leuk.cyte count in blood, as well as plasma total proteins, urea and cholesterol. A significant decrease in plasma albumin level was only observed in the 1.0 LD50 group. Urine of MIC intoxicated animals showed presence of protein, bilirubin, elevated urea and urobilinogen, while urine volume was reduced. The hematological and biochemical changes induced by MIC are perhaps the result of fluid loss from the vascular compartment as evidenced by the histopathological observations. This study further substantiates the view that acute toxicity of MIC is mediated in vivo by its effects on vascular beds.

关键词： Acute Toxicity of Methyl Isocyanate in Mammals Biochemical and Hematological Changes in Rabbits