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Phe.otypic plasticity of labile.traits in the.wild

Curre.t Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 485-505页

作者： jon e. brommer De.artme.t of Biology University Hill 20014 University of Turku Finland ARONIA Re.e.rch and De.e.opme.t Institute Novia Applied University and Abo Akademi University Raseborgsvaigen 9 10600 Ekenas Finland

Individual-base. studie. allow quantification ofphe.otypic plasticity in be.avioural, life.history and othe. labile.traits The.study of phe.otypic plasticity in the.wild can she. ne. light on the.ultimate.obje.tive. （1） whe.he. plasticity itse.f can e.olve.or is constraine. by its ge.e.ic archite.ture. and （2） whe.he. plasticity is associate. to othe. traits, including fitne.s （se.e.tion）. I de.cribe.the.main statistical approach for how re.e.te. re.ords of individuals and a de.cription of the.e.vironme.t （e. allow quantification of variation in plasticity across individuals （Ixe. and ge.otype. （Gxe. in wild populations. Base. on a lite.ature.re.ie. of life.history and be.avioural studie. on plasticity in the.wild, I discuss the.pre.e.t state.of the.two obje.tive. liste. above. Fe. studie. have.quantifie. Gxe.of labile.traits in wild populations, and it is like.y that powe. to de.e.t statistically sig- nificant Gxe.is lacking. Apart from the.issue.of whe.he. it is he.itable. plasticity te.ds to corre.ate.with ave.age.trait e.pre.sion （not fully supporte. by the.fe. ge.e.ic e.timate. available. and may thus be.e.olutionary constraine. in this way. Individ- ual-spe.ific e.timate. of plasticity te.d to be.re.ate. to othe. traits of the.individual （including fitne.s）, but the.e.analyse. may be.anti-conse.vative.be.ause.the. pre.ominantly conce.n stats-on-stats. De.pite.the.incre.se. inte.e.t in plasticity in wild popula- tions, the.putative.lack of powe. to de.e.t Gxe.in such populations hinde.s achie.ing ge.e.al insights. I discuss possible.ste.s to invigorate.the.fie.d by moving away from simply te.ting for pre.e.ce.of Gxe.to analyse. that ＇scale.up＇ to population le.e. proce.sse. and by the.de.e.opme.t of ne. be.avioural the.ry to ide.tify quantitative.ge.e.ic parame.e.s which can be.e.timate.

关键词： Individual-le.e. plasticity Life.history Animal pe.sonality Line.r mixe. mode. Animal mode. Wild population Longitudinal study

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Re.ucing the.loss of ge.e.ic dive.sity associate. with assiste. colonization-like.introductions of animals

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Curre.t Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 827-834页

作者： Jaana Ke.KONe. jon e. brommer De.artme.t of Bioscie.ce. University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland De.artme.t of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland

Translocations, e.pe.ially assiste. colonizations, of animals are.incre.singly use. as a conse.vation manage.e.t tool. In many case., howe.e., limite. funding and othe. logistic challe.ge. limit the.numbe. of individuals available.for transloe.tion. In conse.vation ge.e.ics, small populations are.pre.icte. to rapidly lose.ge.e.ic dive.sity which can de.e.iorate.population survival. Thus, how worrie. should we.be.about the.loss of ge.e.ic dive.sity whe. introducing small, isolate. populations？ Historical spe.ie. introductions provide.a me.ns to asse.s the.e.issue.. He.e.we.re.ie. 13 studie. of ＂assiste. colonization-like. introductions of animals, whe.e.only a small known numbe. of founde.s e.tablishe. an isolate. population without se.ondary contact to the.source.population. We.te.t which factors could be.important in re.aining ge.e.ic dive.sity in the.e.case.. In many case., loss in he.e.ozygosity （-12.1%） was de.e.te., and more.se.iously the.loss in alle.ic richne.s （-27.8 %）. Numbe. of founde.s se.me. to have.an e.fe.t but it also indicate. that high population growth rate.could he.p to re.ain ge.e.ic dive.sity, i.e. future.manage.e.t actions could be.e.fe.tive.e.e. with a limite. numbe. of founde.s if population growth would be.e.hance.. On the.contrary, translocate. organisms with longe. ge.e.ation time. did not se.m to re.ain more.ge.e.ic dive.sity. We.advocate.that, whe.e.possible. future.studie. on translocate. animals should re.ort the.loss of ge.e.ic dive.sity （both he.e.ozygosity and alle.ic richne.s）, which is e.se.tial for me.a-analyse. like.this one.for de.pe.ing our unde.standing of the.ge.e.ic conse.ue.ce. of assiste. colonization, and justifying manage.e.t de.isions [Curre.t Zoology 61 （5）： 827-834, 2015].

关键词： Introduce. spe.ie. Loss of ge.e.ic dive.sity Numbe. of founde.s Conse.vation manage.e.t Population growth rate Ge.e.ation time

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Implications for brainste. re.ove.y from studie. in primate. afte. se.sory loss from arm

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Ne.ral Re.e.e.ation Re.e.rch 2024年第3期19卷 479-480页

作者： Jamie.L.Re.d Hui-Xin Qi jon H.Kaas De.artme.t of Psychology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

For de.ade.,re.e.rche.s have.known that whe. ne.rons lose.the.r activating inputs,the. can atrophy and e.e. *** e.ample.re.oving se.sory ne.ve.inputs from the.arm to the.spinal cord afte. amputation or cutting the.spinal ne.ve. can shrink the.post-synaptic targe. zone.(e.g.,Woods e. al.,2000).From touch re.e.tors for the.hand and arm,primary ne.ve.affe.e.ts e.te. the.spinal cord,and axons trave. in the.dorsal columns to targe. the.cune.te.nucle.s(Cu)of the.brainste. on the.same.side.of the.body(Figure.1).Whe. se.sory loss is unilate.al,the.ove.whe.ming re.ult is for the.associate. primary targe. zone.to shrink in total size.cross-se.tional are.),as compare. to the.size.of the.opposite.side.

关键词： brainste. shrink re.oving

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Batch Active.Le.rning for Multispe.tral and Hype.spe.tral Image.Se.me.tation Using Similarity Graphs

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Communications on Applie. Mathe.atics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1013-1033页

作者： Bohan Che. Ke.in Mille. Andre. L.Be.tozzi jon Schwe.k De.artme.t of Mathe.atics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles520 Portola PlazaLosAngeles90095CAUSA Ode. Institute.for Computational e.gine.ring and Scie.ce. University of Texas at Austin201 E 24th StAustin 78712TXUSA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM 87545USA

Graph le.rning,whe. use. as a se.i-supe.vise. le.rning(SSL)me.hod,pe.forms we.l for classification tasks with a low labe. *** provide.a graph-base. batch active.le.rning pipe.ine.for pixe./patch ne.ghborhood multi-or hype.spe.tral image.*** batch active.le.rning approach se.e.ts a colle.tion of unlabe.e. pixe.s that satisfy a graph local maximum constraint for the.active.le.rning acquisition function that de.e.mine. the.re.ative.importance.of e.ch pixe. to the.*** work builds on re.e.t advance. in the.de.ign of nove. active.le.rning acquisition functions(e.g.,the.Mode. Change.approach in arXiv:2110.07739)while.adding important furthe. de.e.opme.ts including patch-ne.ghborhood image.analysis and batch active.le.rning me.hods to furthe. incre.se.the.accuracy and gre.tly incre.se.the.computational e.ficie.cy of the.e.*** addition to improve.e.ts in the.accuracy,our approach can gre.tly re.uce.the.numbe. of labe.e. pixe.s ne.de. to achie.e.the.same.le.e. of the.accuracy base. on randomly se.e.te. labe.e. pixe.s.

关键词： Image.se.me.tation Graph le.rning Batch active.le.rning Hype.spe.tral image

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In vivo e.ide.ce.of IGF-I–e.troge. crosstalk in me.iating the.cortical bone.re.ponse.to me.hanical strain

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Bone.Re.e.rch 2014年第1期2卷 55-60页

作者： Subburaman Mohan Che.an Girijanand Bhat jon e.We.ge.al Chandrase.har Ke.avan Musculoske.e.al Dise.se.Ce.te. VA Loma Linda Healthcare System De.artme.t of Me.icine Loma Linda University De.artme.t of Bioche.istry Loma Linda University De.artme.t of Physiology Loma Linda University

Although insulin-like.growth factor-I （IGF-I） and e.troge. signaling pathways have.be.n shown to be.involve. in me.iating the.bone.anabolic re.ponse.to me.hanical loading, it is not known whe.he. the.e.two signaling pathways crosstalk with e.ch othe. in producing a ske.e.al re.ponse.to me.hanical loading. To te.t this, at 5 we.ks of age. partial ovarie.tomy （pOVX） or a sham ope.ation was pe.forme. on he.e.ozygous IGF-I conditional knockout （H IGF-I KO） and control mice.ge.e.ate. using a Cre.loxP approach. At 10 we.ks of age. a 10 N axial load was applie. on the.right tibia of the.e.mice.for a pe.iod of 2 we.ks and the.le.t tibia was use. as an inte.nal non-non-loade. control. At the.cortical site. partial e.troge. loss re.uce. total volume.ric bone.mine.al de.sity （BMD） by 5% in control pOVX mice.（P=0.05, one.way ANOVA）, but not in the.H IGF-I KO pOVX mice. At the.trabe.ular site. bone.volume.total volume.（BV/TV） was re.uce. by 5%-6% in both control pOVX （P〈0.05） and H IGF-I KO pOVX （P=0.05） mice. Two we.ks of me.hanical loading cause. a 7 %-8% and an 11%-13% （P〈0.05 vs. non-loade. bone.） incre.se.in cortical BMD and cortical thickne.s （***）, re.pe.tive.y, in the.control sham, control pOVX and H IGF-I KO sham groups. By contrast, the.magnitude.of cortical BMD （4%, P=0.13） and *** （6%, P〈0.05） re.ponse. we.e.re.uce. by 50% in the.H IGF-I KO pOVX mice.compare. to the.othe. thre. groups. The.inte.action be.we.n ge.otype.and e.troge. de.icie.cy on the.me.hanical loading-induce. cortical bone.re.ponse.was significant （P〈0.05） by two-way ANOVA. Two we.ks of axial loading cause. similar incre.se. in trabe.ular BV/TV （13%-17%） and thickne.s （17%-23%） in all four groups of mice. In conclusion, partial loss of both e.troge. and IGF-I significantly re.uce. cortical but not the.trabe.ular bone.re.ponse.to me.hanical loading, providing in vivo e.ide.ce.of the.above.crosstalk in me.iating the.bone.re.ponse.to loading.

关键词： bone IGF e.troge. crosstalk in me.iating the.cortical bone.re.ponse.to me.hanical strain

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The.past,pre.e.t,and future.of the.Sibe.ian Grouse.Falcipe.nis falcipe.nis)unde. glacial oscillations and global warming

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Avian Re.e.rch 2022年第1期13卷 57-63页

作者： We.dong Xie.Kai Song Sie.frie. Klaus jon e.Swe.son Yue.Hua Sun Ke. Laboratory of Animal e.ology and Conse.vation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Colle.e.of Life.Scie.ce Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China Linde.höhe.5 D-07749JenaGermany Faculty of e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. and Natural Re.ource.Manage.e.t Norwegian University of Life SciencesPO Box 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

Global climate.change.has a significant e.fe.t on spe.ie.,as e.vironme.t conditions change.causing many spe.ie.'distributions to *** the.last thre. million ye.rs,the.e.rth has e.pe.ie.ce. glacial oscillations,forcing some.spe.ie. to survive.in ice.fre. re.ugia during glacial pe.iods and the. dispe.se.*** this study,by asse.sing the.pote.tial distribution of Sibe.ian Grouse.Falcipe.nis falcipe.nis),we.use. Global Circular Mode.s and Re.re.e.tative.Conce.tration Pathways to mode. the.r patte.n of range.change. during glacial oscillations and the.pote.tial impact of pre.e.t global *** use. 158 location re.ords of Sibe.ian Grouse.to ge.e.ate.a full climate.mode. using 19 bioclimate.variable. in *** discarde. variable. with a corre.ation coe.ficie.t large. than 0.8 and re.ative.y lowe. mode.ing contributions be.we.n e.ch pair of corre.ate. *** the.re.aining variable.,we.cre.te. a normally uncorre.ate. simple.climate.mode. to pre.ict the.possible.distribution of Sibe.ian Grouse.from the.most re.e.t Ice.Age.to pre.e.t and to *** we.adde. ge.graphical data and the.human inte.fe.e.ce.inde. to construct a multiple.factor full mode. to e.aluate.which we.e.important in e.plaining the.distribution of Sibe.ian *** Total Suitability Zone.P≥0.33)of Sibe.ian Grouse.is about 243,000km^(2) and the.Maximum Suitability Zone.P≥0.66)is 36,000km^(2) and is confine. to the.Russian Far *** habitat mode.ing sugge.te. that annual pre.ipitation,annual me.n te.pe.ature.and the.distance.from lake. are.the.most e.planatory variable. for the.curre.t distribution of Sibe.ian *** distribution ce.te. move. to the.southe.st during the.Last Glacial Maximum and spre.d back to the.northwe.t afte. the.ice.me.te. and te.pe.ature. *** total are. range.of Sibe.ian Grouse.e.pe.ie.ce. a dramatic loss during the.Last Glacial *** warming is pre.e.tly forcing the.Sibe.ian Grouse.to migrate.northward with a contraction of

关键词： Climate.change Falcipe.nis falcipe.nis Ice.age.re.ugia Last glacial maximum

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Some.paradoxical obse.vations about sphe.oidal graphite.de.e.e.acy

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China Foundry 2018年第6期15卷 457-463页

作者： Jacque. Lacaze.jon Se.tucha CIRIMAT Université de ToulouseBP 44362F-31030ToulouseFrance Inve.tigae.òn y De.arrollo de.Proce.os Me.alúrgicos IK4-AzterlanAliendalde auzunea 6E-48200Durango(Bizkaia)Spain

Diffe.e.tial the.mal analysis e.pe.ime.ts have.be.n pe.forme. on sample. machine. from Y2-blocks cast with diffe.e.t high-silicon sphe.oidal graphite.irons. De.e.ding on magne.ium, silicon, ce.ium and antimony conte.t, the.as-cast microstructure.showe. various le.e.s of chunky graphite.in the.ce.tral part of the.blocks. In contrast, the.microstructure.of the.mate.ials afte. re.e.ting and re.olidification during diffe.e.tial the.mal analysis consiste. of lame.lar or compacte. graphite. The.formation of chunky graphite.in the.as-cast microstructure.is rationalize. using an inde. or silicon e.uivale.t that has be.n re.e.tly sugge.te.. The.diffe.e.ce. in the.microstructure. afte. diffe.e.tial the.mal analysis are.discusse. in te.ms of available.fre. magne.ium. e.phasis is finally put on the.striking diffe.e.ce. in characte.istic size.of the.microstructure. made.of compacte. graphite.as compare. to lame.lar graphite.and chunky graphite. This le.ds to te.tative.conclusions about growth of compacte. and chunky graphite.which would be.worthy of furthe. e.pe.ime.tal inve.tigations.

关键词： high-silicon sphe.oidal graphite iron graphite de.e.e.acy compacte. graphite chunky graphite

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Ne. e.ide.ce.for a Cre.ace.us Age.for a Me.ozoic Nonmarine.Bivalve.Asse.blage.from Pae.to-dong, Sinuiju City, The.De.ocratic Pe.ple.s Re.ublic of Kore.

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Acta Ge.logica Sinica(e.glish e.ition) 2019年第6期93卷 1607-1613页

作者： CholGuk WON KwangSik SO SuHyang jon De.artme.t of Pale.ntology Faculty of Geology Kim Il Sung University

The.Sinuiju Formation in Pae.to-dong,Sinuiju City in the.De.ocratic Pe.ple.s Re.ublic of Kore. has yie.de. Me.ozoic nonmarine.bivalve.fossils,which is the.first occurre.ce.of such in the.*** on the.e.fossil spe.ime.s,a ne. Cre.ace.us bivalve.asse.blage.the.Argunie.la yanshane.sis-Sphae.ium ande.ssoni Asse.blage.is *** asse.blage.include. Argunie.la yanshane.sis,*** and Sphae.ium ande.ssoni and can be.compare. with the.Je.ol *** age.of the.Sinuiju Formation is also clarifie. and on the.basis of the.bivalve. and the.pre.e.ce.of a e.se.the.ia–e.he.e.opsis–Lycopte.a(e.e.L)asse.blage.the.formation is not Uppe. Jurassic,but Lowe. Cre.ace.us in age.

关键词： biostratigraphy nonmarine.bivalve. Sinuiju Formation e.rly Cre.ace.us DPRK

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Compre.e.sive.Studie. of Se.smic Fore.ast and Se.smic Hazard Asse.sme.t in Arme.ia, Curre.t State.and Prospe.ts

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Acta Ge.logica Sinica(e.glish e.ition) 2021年第S1期95卷 55-58页

作者： Karape.yan jon LI Li Institute.of Ge.physics and e.gine.ring Se.smology name. afte. A.Nazarov NAS RAGyumri3115Armenia Institute.of Ge.physics CEABeijing100081China

The.study of ge.physical proce.se. in diffe.e.t laye.s of the.e.rth,se.smic hazard asse.sme.t,e.rthquake.pre.iction,*** topical fundame.tal and applie. *** de.e.opme.t of a mode.n ade.uate.me.hodology for asse.sing se...

关键词： se.smic hazard asse.sme.t e.rthquake.pre.iction e.rthquake.monitoring e.rth crust

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e.g laying and incubation rhythm of the.Chine.e.Grouse.Te.raste. se.e.zowi)at Lianhuashan,Gansu,China

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Avian Re.e.rch 2019年第3期10卷 357-365页

作者： Me. Shi Yun Fang Jin-ming Zhao Sie.frie. Klaus Yingxin Jiang jon e.Swe.son Yue.Hua Sun Ke. Laboratory of Animal e.ology and Conse.vation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Unive.sity of Chine.e.Acade.y of Scie.ce. Beijing 100049China School of Life.Scie.ce Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei 235000China Je.a Germany Faculty of e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. and Natural Re.ource.Manage.e.t Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 50031432 AsNorway

Background:Incubating birds must balance.the.conflict be.we.n the.mal ne.ds of the.de.e.oping e.bryos and the.r se.f?mainte.ance.ne.ds for *** Chine.e.Grouse.(Te.raste. se.e.zowi) live. in high mountain conife. fore.ts and face. e.e.gy stre.s,cold e.vironme.t,and pre.ation *** might adjust incubation rhythm to adapt to the.e.constraints. Me.hods:Two me.hods we.e.use. to inve.tigate.e.g laying and incubation patte.n of the.Chine.e.Grouse.25 ne.ts we.e.monitore. by data logge.s and 12 ne.ts by infrare. vide. came.as. Re.ults:Fe.ale.Chine.e.Grouse. usually laid an e.g e.e.y 2 *** incubation pe.iod was 28-31 days. Ove.all incubation constancy for Chine.e.Grouse.was 93%. The.fe.ale. took 5.0 re.e.se. pe. day and 34% of all 1696 re.e.se. we.e.take. in the.cre.uscular pe.iod. The.ave.age.re.e.s duration was 20.3 min. Fe.ale. took more.and shorte. re.e.se. in the.latte. part of *** fe.ale. who allocate. more.time.to foraging had a highe. re.roductive.succe.s. Conclusions:Probably due.to its high e.g/body mass ratio,the.Chine.e.Grouse.has a long laying inte.val of 49 h. We.sugge.t that,due.to e.e.gy stre.s,fe.ale. have.re.ative.y more.re.e.se. and the. incre.se.the.numbe. of re.e.se. as incubation *** compe.sate.for the.e.bryos'the.mal ne.ds, the. e.te.d the.incubation pe.iod and shorte. the.re.e.s duration in this cold e.vironme.t.

关键词： Body mass Chine.e.Grouse e.vironme.t te.pe.ature Incubation patte.n Ne.t atte.tive.e.s

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