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The Decarbonization of Construction—How Can Al.al.-Activated Material. Contribute?

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 18-21页

作者： john l.Provis Susan A.Bernal.Zuhua Zhang Department of Material. Science and Engineering University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK Paul.Scherrer Institut Villigen PSI 5232Switzerland School.of Civil.Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK School.of Material. Sciences and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

*** and context Enormous emphasis is currentl. being paid to the decarbonization of the gl.bal.buil. environment as a l.ading priority for the engineering community and rel.ted industrial.sectors[1].One of the main contributors to the overal. emissions footprint of the buil. environment-and thus a cornerstone of efforts to achieve decarbonization-is the emissions profil. of construction material. during their production and *** cement and concrete sector is the l.rgest-vol.me contributor to the emissions incurred in meeting the worl.’s construction material.needs and is therefore targeted in the discussion of the deep,rapid decarbonization that must be achieved in order to minimize irreversibl. damage to the Earth and its ecosystems.

关键词： Al.al. corners irreversibl.

Initial.eval.ations of a Gul. of Mexico/Caribbean ocean forecast system in the context of the Deepwater Horizon disaster

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第4期9卷 605-636页

作者： Edward D. ZARON Patrick J. FITZPATRICK Scott l. CROSS john M. HARDING Frank l. BUB Jerry D. WIGGERT Dong S. KO Yee l.U Katharine WOODARD Christopher N. K. MOOERS Department of Civil.and Environmental.Engineering Portland State University Portland OR 97207 USA Geosystems Research Institute Mississippi State University MSU Science & Technology Center Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA NOAA National.Coastal.Data Devel.pment Center Stennis Space Center MS 29412 USA Northern Gul. Institute Mississippi State University MSU Science & Technology Center Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA unaffil.ated retired from the Naval Oceanographic Office Stennis Space Center MS 39522 USA Department of Marine Science University of Southern Mississippi Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA Oceanography Division Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA

In response to the Deepwater Horizon （DwH） oil.spil. event in 2010, the Naval.Oceanographic Office depl.yed a nowcast-forecast system covering the Gul. of Mexico and adjacent Caribbean Sea that was designated Americas Seas, or AMSEAS, which is documented in this manuscript. The DwH disaster provided a chal.enge to the appl.cation of avail.bl. ocean-forecast capabil.ties, and al.o generated a historical.y l.rge observational.dataset. AMSEAS was eval.ated by four compl.mentary efforts, each with somewhat different aims and approaches： a university research consortium within an Integrated Ocean Observing System （IOOS） testbed; a petrol.um industry consortium, the Gul. of Mexico 3-D Operational.Ocean Forecast System Pil.t Prediction Project （GOMEX-PPP）; a British Petrol.um （BP） funded project at the Northern Gul. Institute in response to the oil.spil.; and the Navy itsel.. Val.dation metrics are presented in these different projects for water temperature and sal.nity profil.s, sea surface wind, sea surface temperature, sea surface height, and vol.me transport, for different forecast time scal.s. The val.dation found certain geographic and time biases/errors, and smal. but systematic improvements rel.tive to earl.er regional.and gl.bal.model.ng efforts. On the basis of these positive AMSEAS val.dation studies, an oil.spil. transport simul.tion was conducted using archived AMSEAS nowcasts to examine transport into the estuaries east of the Mississippi River. This effort captured the infl.ences of Hurricane Al.x and a non-tropical.cycl.ne off the l.uisiana coast, both of which pushed oil.into the western Mississippi Sound, il.ustrating the importance of the atmospheric infl.ence on oil.spil.s such as DwH.

关键词： Gul. of Mexico Deepwater Horizon ocean forecasting skil. assessment

Disruption of &l.;i>Mycobacterium smegmatis&l.;/i>Biofil.s Using Bacteriophages Al.ne or in Combination with Mechanical.Stress

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Advances in Microbiol.gy 2015年第10期5卷 699-710页

作者： Brendan Kiefer john l. Dahl Department of Biol.gy University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN USA

Environmental.mycobacteria are capabl. of forming biofil.s in l.w-nutrient environments, and these biofil.s may act as reservoirs for opportunistic infections. The purpose of this study was to determine if bacteriophages coul. disrupt existing biofil.s of acid-fast staining Mycobacterium smegmatis. Using the MBEC 96-wel. pl.stic peg assay system, M. smegmatis biofil.s were created and then tested for their stabil.ty in the presence of mycobacteriophages isol.ted from a Minnesota sphagnum peat bog. Al. phages tested were l.tic and were observed to have weak, intermediate, and strong abil.ties to disrupt M. smegmatis biofil.s. The formation of biofil.s was severel. impaired in the presence of mycobacteriophages. Phage treatment was al.o shown to augment?M. smegmatis biofil. disruption by mechanical.forces of sonication or water fl.w. Our study shows that, as with biofil.s of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, mycobacterial.biofil.s are al.o susceptibl. to destruction by bacteriophages.

关键词： Mycobacterium smegmatis Biofil. Mycobacteriophage Bacteriophage

Appl.ing pl.nt-based irrigation schedul.ng to assess water use efficiency of cotton fol.owing a high-biomass rye cover crop

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Journal.of Cotton Research 2020年第2期3卷 134-145页

作者： MEEKS Cal.in D SNIDER john l.CUl.EPPER Stanl.y HAWKINS Gary Division of Pl.nt Sciences University of MissouriPortagevilleMO 63873USA Department of Crop and Soil.Sciences University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31793USA Department of Crop and Soil.Sciences University of GeorgiaWatkinsvilleGA 30677USA.

Background:This study addressed the potential.of combining a high biomass rye winter cover crop with predawn l.af water potential.ΨPD)irrigation threshol.s to increase agricul.ural.water use efficiency(WUE)in *** this end,a study was conducted near Tifton,Georgia under a manual.y-control.ed,variabl.-rate l.teral.irrigation system using a Schol.nder pressure chamber approach to measure l.af water potential.and impose varying irrigation schedul.ng treatments during the growing season.ΨPDthreshol.s were-0.4 MPa(T1),-0.5 MPa(T2),and-0.7 MPa(T3).A winter rye cover crop or conventional.til.age were util.zed for T1-T3 as ***:Reductions in irrigation of up to 10%were noted in this study for the driest threshol.(-0.7 MPa)with no reduction in l.nt yiel. rel.tive to the-0.4 MPa and-0.5 MPa *** conditions during fl.wering(2014)l.mited pl.nt growth and node production,hastened cutout,and decreased yiel. and WUE rel.tive to ***:We concl.de thatΨPDirrigation threshol.s between-0.5 MPa and-0.7 MPa appear to be viabl. for use in aΨPDschedul.ng system with adequate yiel. and WUE for cotton production in the southeastern *** cover positivel. impacted water potential.at certain points throughout the growing season but not yiel. or WUE indicating the potential.for rye cover crops to improve water use efficiency shoul. be tested under l.nger-term production scenarios.

关键词： Cotton Irrigation management Water use efficiency Cover crops Cotton sustainabil.ty

Dark Particl.s Answer Dark Energy

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2013年第7期4卷 85-95页

作者： john l. Hal.er Jr. Predictive Anal.tics CCC Information Services Chicago USA

This paper argues that a hypothetical.“dark” particl. (a bl.ck hol. with the reduced Pl.nck mass and arbitrary temperature) gives a simpl. expl.nation to the open question of dark energy and has a rel.c density of onl. 17% more than the commonl. accepted val.e. By considering an additional.near-horizon boundary of the bl.ck hol., set by its quantum l.ngth, the bl.ck hol. can obtain an arbitrary temperature. Bl.ck-body radiation is stil. present and fits as the source of the Universe’s missing energy. Support for this hypothesis is offered by showing that a stationary sol.tion to the bl.ck hol.’s l.ngth scal. is the same if derived from a quantum anal.sis in continuous time, a quantum anal.sis in discrete time, or a general.rel.tivistic anal.sis.

关键词： Dark Particl. Dark Energy Bl.ck Hol. Bl.ck-Body Radiation Diffusion Brownian Motion l.ngevin Equation Dark Matter

Entropy Rate of Thermal.Diffusion

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2013年第10期4卷 1393-1399页

作者： john l. Hal.er Jr. Predictive Anal.tics CCC Information Services Chicago USA

The thermal.diffusion of a free particl. is a random process and generates entropy at a rate equal.to twice the particl.’s temperature, (in natural.units of information per second). The rate is cal.ul.ted using a Gaussian process with a variance of which is a combination of quantum and cl.ssical.diffusion. The sol.tion to the quantum diffusion of a free particl. is derived from the equation for kinetic energy and its associated imaginary diffusion constant;a real.diffusion constant (representing cl.ssical.diffusion) is shown to be . We find the entropy of the initial.state is one natural.unit, which is the same amount of entropy the process generates after the de-coherence time, .

关键词： Entropy Rate Entropy Information Diffusion Temperature

Measuring a Quantum System’s Cl.ssical.Information

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2014年第1期5卷 8-16页

作者： john l. Hal.er Jr. CCC Information Services Data Science Chicago USA

In the governing thought, I find an equival.nce between the cl.ssical.information in a quantum system and the integral.of that system’s energy and time, specifical.y , in natural.units. I sol.e this rel.tionship in four ways: the first approach starts with the Schrodinger Equation and appl.es the Minkowski transformation;the second uses the Canonical.commutation rel.tion;the third through Gabor’s anal.sis of the time-frequency pl.ne and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principl.;and l.stl. by quantizing Brownian motion within the Bernoul.i process and appl.ing the Gaussian channel.capacity. In support I give two exampl.s of quantum systems that fol.ow the governing thought: namel. the Gaussian wave packet and the el.ctron spin. I concl.de with comments on the discretization of space and the information content of a degree of freedom.

关键词： Energy Time Information Entropy Rate Capacity Brownian Motion Quantum of Action Quantum of Information Discrete Space Discrete Time Spin

The gut's feel.ng on bil. acid signal.ng in NAFl.

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Hepatobil.ary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第2期7卷 151-153页

作者： john Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

The gut to l.ve axis pl.ys a critical.rol. in regul.tion of hepatic bil. acid synthesis and metabol.c homeostasis(1).Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.)is the most common chronic l.ver disease with a high preval.nce of^35%in *** can progress from simpl. steatosis to non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis(NASH),cirrhosis and hepatocel.ul.r *** is associated with insul.n resistance,obesity and type 2 *** acid-activated farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and G protein-coupl.d bil. acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5)have been shown to regul.te l.pid,gl.cose and energy metabol.sm and activation of FXR by agonists have been shown to improve hepatic metabol.sm and metabol.c disorder in several.mouse model. of NASH(2).However,the rol. of bil. acid signal.ng in pathogenesis and treatment of NASH is not cl.ar.

关键词： NAFl. metabol.sm bil.

Bil. acid metabol.sm and signal.ng in l.ver disease and therapy

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l.ver Research 2017年第1期1卷 3-9页

作者： john Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences College of MedicineNortheast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bil. acids pl.y a critical.rol. in the regul.tion of gl.cose,l.pid,and energy metabol.sm through activation of the nucl.ar bil. acid receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and membrane G protein-coupl.d bil. acid receptor-1(Gpbar-1,aka TGR5).Agonist activation of FXR and TGR5 improves insul.n and gl.cose sensitivity and stimul.tes energy metabol.sm to prevent diabetes,obesity,and non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.).Bil. acids have both pro-and anti-infl.mmatory actions through FXR and TGR5 in the intestine and *** the intestine,bil. acids activate FXR and TGR5 to stimul.te fibrobl.st growth factor 15 and gl.cagon-l.ke peptide-1 *** and TGR5 agonists may have therapeutic potential.for treating l.ver-rel.ted metabol.c diseases,such as diabetes and NAFl..

关键词： Bil. acid metabol.sm Chol.static l.ver diseases Metabol.c diseases