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Changing perspectives on biodiversity conservation： from species protection to regional sustainability

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生物多样性 2008年第3期16卷 205-213页

作者： jianguo wu Sino-US Center for Conservation Energy and Sustainability Science Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China School of Life Sciences and Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University P.O. Box 874501 Tempe AZ85287 USA

Biodiversity is the basis for ecosystem goods and services that provide for human survival and prosperity. With a rapidly increasing human population and its demands for natural resources, landscapes are being fragmented, habitats are being destroyed, and biodiversity is declining. How can biodiversity be effec- tively conserved in the face of increasing human pressures? In this paper, I review changing perspectives on biodiversity conservation, and discuss their relevance to the practice of biodiversity conservation. The major points include: The notion of balance of nature is a myth rather than a scientific concept; the theory of island biogeography is useful heuristically but flawed practically; the SLOSS debate is intriguing in theory but ir- relevant in reality; the concept of minimum viable population and population viability analysis are useful, but technically inefficient and conceptually inadequate; metapopulation theory is mathematically elegant but ecologically oversimplistic; and integrative perspectives and approaches for biodiversity conservation are needed that incorporate insights from landscape ecology and sustainability science. I further discuss some key principles for regional conservation planning, and argue that the long-term success of biodiversity con- servation in any region will ultimately depend on the economic and social sustainability of that region. Both research and practice in biodiversity conservation, therefore, need to adopt a broader perspective of sustain- ability.

关键词：生物多样性环境保护生态系统物种

A technique for detecting and attributing changes in species distributions to climate change over time

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2020年第2期18卷 110-126页

作者： jianguo wu The Institute of Environmental Ecology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China

The global climate has changed substantially over the last 100 years,and associated changes in species distribution limits have occurred in recent *** change presents a challenge for biodiversity conservation on a global *** ability to detect changes in species distributions and attribute them to past climate change is crucial for the accurate prediction of future species distributions and for biodiversity *** study proposes a technique for the quantitative detection of species distribution changes and their attribution to past climate *** attribution value was defined to describe the extent to which the distributional changes for observed species could be attributed to climate *** calculation thereof involved the following steps:(1)construction of a time series of observed species distributions and climatic factors,(2)estimation of the correlations between changes in species distributions and climatic factors,(3)prediction of changes in species distributions as driven by climatic factors,(4)estimation of the consistency between observed and predicted changes in species distributions,and(5)estimation of the attribution ***,using nine snake species found in China as examples,we demonstrated in detail the practical application of this *** technique can be used to identify,based on global species distribution and climate data,the effects of climate change on species distributions over the past years on a global scale.

关键词： Attribution method Biodiversity Climate change Consistency index Grey relation analysis Snakes

Numerical investigation of the rebounding and the deposition behavior of particles during cold spraying

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2011年第1期24卷 43-53页

作者： Xianglin ZHOU Xiangkun wu jianguo WANG Jishan ZHANG State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083 China

Particles may rebound from a substrate surface during cold spraying, which affects the quality of the coating. In this paper, the rebound phenomenon and its consequences on deposition behavior have been analyzed using the finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA version 970. In a range of particle velocities of 50-1000 m/s, increases of the impact velocity caused a rapid decline of the rebound coefficient R to a low point Rmin. After that, R began to rise slowly. Then the effect of the impact velocities and material properties on the rebound phenomenon were analyzed. Both the material strength and density influenced this rebound phenomenon. Four stages of the impact process and a model of strain distribution were proposed in detail to explain the rebound phenomenon.

关键词： Deposition Simulation Bonding Rebound phenomenon Cold spray

Industrial land expansion in rural China threatens environmental securities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 127-139页

作者： Chi Zhang Wenhui Kuang jianguo wu Jiyuan Liu Hanqin Tian Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Sciences&School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA International Center for Climate and Global Change Research School of Forestry and Wildlife SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

China’s rural industrialization has been a major driver for its rapid economic growth during the recent decades,but its myriad environmental risks are yet to be fully *** on a comprehensive national land-use data set,our study shows that the area of China’s rural industrial land(RIL)quadrupled during 1990–2015,reaching 39338 km2 in 2015,comparable to urbanization in magnitude but with a much greater degree of landscape fragmentation which implies stronger ecological and environmental *** 91%of the protected areas in the central China were within 50 km from rural industrial land,thus exposed to industrial *** rural industrial land expansion,particularly in regions under high geo-hazard risks,led to dramatically increased environmental risks,threatening the safety and health of both rural industrial workers and ***,negative effects from rural industrial land expansion could partially offset the crop production growth in recent *** underprivileged rural population in the west bears a disproportionally large share of the increased environmental *** urgently needs to design and implement sustainable policies to restrict and reshape its rural *** study aims to inspire policy makers and researchers to rethink the current model of industrial expansion and improve rural industrial land planning,which is important for achieving the sustainable development goals of China.

关键词： Industrialization Land-use change Environment risks Environmental security Urbanization China

Review:Advances in methodology of DNA methylation assay

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第8期54卷 1233-1243页

作者： TIAN Tian WANG ShaoRu wu jianguo ZHOU Xiang State Key Laboratory of Virology wuhan University Wuhan 430000 China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430000 China

DNA methylation is one of the most signaficant epigenetic events which greatly influence gene activation, gene imprinting, chromatin stability, and so on. The level of methylation in genome and certain regions should be in a normal range, because any variation would cause physiological dysfunction. In account of essential roles of DNA methylation in the living system, the detection of methylation in both overall genome and specific positions has drawn great interest. So far many biological and chemical methods have been developed to detect DNA methylation. Herein, we summerize some novel methods mainly based on chemical modification and analytic methods in DNA detection.

关键词： DNA methylation detection of DNA methylation disease diagnosis epigenetic research

Microstructure and properties of indium tin oxide thin films deposited by RF-magnetron sputtering

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Rare Metals 2006年第4期25卷 359-364页

作者： LI Shitao QIAO Xueliang CHEN jianguo JIA Fang wu Changle State Key Laboratory of Plastic Forming Simulation and Die ＆ Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074China

Tin-doped indium oxide （ITO） thin films were prepared using conventional radio frequency （RF） planar magnetron sputtering equipped with IR irradiation using a ceramic target of In2O3/SnO2 with a mass ratio of 1：1 at various IR irradiation temperatures T1 （from room temperature to 400℃）. The refractive index, deposited ratio, and resistivity are functions of the sputtering Ar gas pressure. The microstructure of ITO thin films is related to IR T1, the crystalline seeds appear at T1= 300℃, and the films are amorphous at the temperature ranging from 27℃ to 400℃. AFM investigation shows that the roughness value of peak-valley of ITO thin film （Rp-v） and the surface microstructure of rio thin films have a close relation with T1. The IR irradiation results in a widening value of band-gap energy due to Burstein-Moss effect and the maximum visible transmittance shifts toward a shorter wavelength along with a decrease in the film＇s refractive index. The plasma wavelength and the refractive index of ITO thin films are relative to the T1. XPS investigation shows that the photoelectrolytic properties can be deteriorated by the sub-oxides. The deterioration can be decreased by increasing the oxygen flow rote （fo2）, and the mole ratio of Sn/In in the samples reduces with an increase info2.

关键词： indium-tin oxide (ITO) photoelectrolytic properties RF-magnetron sputtering IR irradiation temperature microstructure refractive index

Structural insights into the Omicron spike trimer:tackling the challenges of continuously evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3625-3627页

作者： Junxian Ou jianguo wu Qiwei Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology Institute of Medical MicrobiologyJinan University510632 GuangzhouChina

The recent studies published in Science and Cell Research investigated the structures and biochemical mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 spike trimer with ACE2 as well as an effective antibody JMB2002 against BA.1 and BA.2 spike,which provide new insights for the global development of broadspectrum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and vaccines.

关键词： ACE2 insight continuously

Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically triggering PKCδ/Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting CYP 2E1

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 932-945页

作者： Si Zou Yetao Gong Xiujie Li Yanbin wu Jinzhong wu jianguo wu Ka-Hing Wong College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Food Science and Nutrition The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative *** SeNPs with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application ***,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNPs(PTR-SeNPs)against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mouse *** elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also *** results showed that PTR-SeNPs could significantly ameliorate APAP-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting ***-SeNPs could hosphorylate and activate PKCδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GCLC,GCLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 ***,PTR-SeNPs suppressed the biotransformation of APAP to generate intracellular ROS through CYP 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial ***,the protective effect of PTR-SeNPs against APAP induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in PTR-SeNPs mediated hepatoprotective *** a potential hepatic protectant,PTR-SeNPs could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.

关键词： PTR-SeNPs(polysaccharide-proteincomplex functionalized selenium nanoparticles) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Cytochrome P450 enzyme 2E1 Mitochondria

Regulating the oxidation state of Pd to enhance the selective hydrogenation for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 60-68页

作者： Xin Li Yue Ma Xuning Wang jianguo wu Dong Cao Daojian Cheng State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The highly selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran is an important reaction in the field of biomass hydrogenation,because it is a bridge between biomass resources and chemical ***,we precisely constructed carbon nitride supported Pd-based catalysts by a simple impregnation-reduction *** changing the reduction temperature,catalysts with different oxidation state could be precisely ***,the important correlation between the ratio of Pd^(0)/Pd^(2+)and catalytic activity is revealed during the selective hydrogenation of *** Pd/g—C_(3)N_(4)—300 catalyst with a Pd^(0)/Pd^(2+)ratio of 3/2 showed the highest catalytic activity,which could get 96.9%5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion and 90.3%2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran *** density functional theory calculation revealed that the synergistic effect between Pd0and Pd2+in Pd/g—C_(3)N_(4)—300 system could boost the adsorption of the substrate and the dissociation of *** this work,we highlight the important correlation between metal oxidation state and catalytic activity,which provides valuable insights for the rational design of precious metal catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.

关键词： Pd/g-C_(3)N_(4) Selective hydrogenation 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran Oxidation state