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Interconnection of cellular autophagy and endosomal vesicle trafficking and its role in hepatitis B virus replication and release

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 24-30页

作者： jia Li Yong lin Xueyu Wang Mengji Lu Institute for Virology University Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssen45122Germany Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases(Chinese Ministry of Education) Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China The Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310000China

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)produces and releases various particle types,including complete virions,subviral particles with envelope proteins,and naked *** studies demonstrate that HBV exploits distinct intracellular membrane trafficking pathways,including the endosomal vesicle trafficking and autophagy pathway,to assemble and release viral and subviral ***,we summarize the findings about the distinct roles of autophagy and endosomal membrane trafficking and the interaction of both pathways in HBV replication,assembly,and release.

关键词： Amphisome Autophagy Endosomal vesicle Hepatitis B virus(HBV)

Paleogene integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1290-1325页

作者： jia LIU Ai SONG lin DING Tao SU Zhekun ZHOU CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Paleontology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The Paleogene is a crucial period when terrestrial and marine ecosystems recovered from major disruptions and gradually approached their modern *** the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions,the Paleogene also represents a significant phase of tectonic evolution in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya orogeny,reorganization of Asian climates,and evolution of *** to limitations in research conditions and understanding,there are still many controversies regarding stratigraphic divisions in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding *** recent years,extensive studies on sedimentary petrology,magnetostratigraphy,and isotope dating have been conducted in the *** fossils have been discovered and reported,contributing to a more systematic understanding of *** studies have laid a solid foundation for the comprehensive investigation of the stratigraphy,biotas and paleogeographic evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions during the *** this paper,we integrate recent research on fossils,isotopic dating,magnetostratigraphy,and geochemistry to refine the stratigraphic divisions and correlation framework of different tectonic units in the region,building upon previous *** the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,the knowledge of Paleogene floras has gradually *** paper discusses the biostratigraphic significance of extinct and newly appeared taxa based on the latest dating results of these plant *** new understanding of fossil species such as the“Eucalyptus”and Arecaceae establishes connections between the Paleogene flora of the Qinghai-Tibetan region and the biotas of Gondwana,specifically Oceania and South *** evolutionary history of key taxa near the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone indicates that the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates occurred approximately 65-54 *** reconstructions,based o

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Fossils Biostratigraphy Paleoenvironment Paleogeography Paleogene

The configuration of Au^(δ+)-ZrO_(2)^(δ−)species induced activation enhances electrocatalytic CO_(2)to formate conversion

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6006-6015页

作者： Yongjian jia Yadi Zhang Mengque lin Yangyang Cheng Yanjie Xu National Engineering Research Center for Technology and Equipment of Environmental Deposition Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Lab of Opt-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

Electrochemical CO_(2)conversion into value-added chemicals is a promising technology to solve the greenhouse effect and recycle chemical ***,the electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(e-CO_(2)RR)is seriously compromised by weak CO_(2)adsorption and a rough CO_(2)activation process based on the chemical inertness of the CO_(2)molecule and the formed fragile metal–C/O *** this paper,we designed and fabricated Au particles embedded in ZrO_(2).The configuration of Au particles being of positive charge and ZrO_(2)with negative charge is induced and generated by metal–support interactions(MSIs).As a result,Au/ZrO_(2)@C presents a big difference in the CO_(2)conversion compared with the known work,affording a formate yield of 112.5μmol·cm^(−2)·h^(−1)at−1.1 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE),and a max formate Faradaic efficiency of up to 94.1%at−0.9 V *** superior performance was attributed to the activated Au–ZrO_(2)interface to form the Au^(δ+)*** insitu Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that the MSIs configuration can be inclined to the*OCO intermediate generation on Au^(δ+)species activating CO_(2)molecules and then accelerate the formation of the*OCHO intermediate in e-CO_(2)RR,thereby favoring the CO_(2)conversion to formate.

关键词： electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(e-CO_(2)RR) Au_(δ+)species formic acid *OCHO intermediate metal-support interactions

The principle and amelioration of lithium plating in fast-charging lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 453-459页

作者： Yi Yang Xia-lin Zhong Lei Xu Zhuo-lin Yang Chong Yan jia-Qi Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Yangtze River Delta Graduate School of Beijing Institute of Technology

Fast charging is restricted primarily by the risk of lithium（Li） plating,a side reaction that can lead to the rapid capacity decay and dendrite-induced thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）.Investigation on the intrinsic mechanism and the position of Li plating is crucial to improving the fast rechargeability and safety of ***,we investigate the Li plating behavior in porous electrodes under the restricted transport of Li+.Based on the theoretical model,it can be concluded that the Li plating on the anodeseparator interface（ASI） is thermodynamically feasible and kinetically ***,the prior deposition of metal Li on the ASI rather than the anode-current collector interface（ACI） is verified *** order to facilitate the transfer of Li+among the electrode and improve the utilization of active materials without Li plating,a bilayer asymmetric anode composed of graphite and hard carbon（GH） is *** and simulation results suggest that the GH hybrid electrode homogenizes the lithiated-rate throughout the electrode and outperforms the pure graphite electrode in terms of the rate performance and inhibition of Li *** work provides new insights into the behavior of Li plating and the rational design of electrode structure.

关键词： Fast charging Graphite Hard carbon Lithium plating Lithium-ion batteries

Chiral Pair Density Waves with Residual Fermi Arcs in RbV3Sb5

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期41卷 88-92页

作者： Xiao-Yu Yan Hanbin Deng Tianyu Yang Guowei Liu Wei Song Hu Miao Zhijun Tu Hechang Lei Shuo Wang ben-Chuan lin Hailang Qin jia-Xin Yin Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices Department of PhysicsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Shenzhen 518055China

The chiral 2×2 charge order has been reported and confirmed in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5,while its interplay with superconductivity remains elusive owing to its lowest superconducting transition temperature Tc of about 0.85K in the AV3Sb5 family(A=K,Rb,Cs)that severely challenges electronic spectroscopic ***,utilizing dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy down to 30 mK,we observe chiral 2×2 pair density waves with residual Fermi arcs in *** find a superconducting gap of 150eV with substantial residual in-gap *** spatial distribution of this gap exhibits chiral 2×2 modulations,signaling a chiral pair density wave(PDW).Our quasi-particle interference imaging of the zero-energy residual states further reveals arc-like *** discuss the relation of the gap modulations with the residual Fermi arcs under the space-momentum correspondence between PDW and Bogoliubov Fermi states.

关键词： Fermi chiral utilizing

Optimization of the co-closing law of guide vanes and blades for bulb turbines based on CFD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 363-377页

作者： Hui Liu Yun-fa lin Yong-guang Cheng Song Xue Mao-jia Tang jian Zhang jia-yi Fan State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Dongfang Electric Machinery Co. Ltd.Deyang618000China

The load rejection transient process of bulb turbine units is critical to safety of hydropower stations,and determining appropriate closing laws of guide vanes(GVs)and runner blades(RBs)for this process is of *** this study,we proposed a procedure to optimize the co-closing law of GVs and RBs by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD),combined with the design of experiment(DOE)method,approximation model,and genetic optimization *** sensitivity of closing law parameters on the histories of head,speed,and thrust was analyzed,and a two-stage GVs’closing law associating with a linear RBs’closing law was *** results show that GVs dominate the transient characteristics by controlling the change of *** GVs’first-stage closing speed while shortening first-stage closing time can not only significantly reduce the maximum rotational speed but also suppress the water hammer pressure;slowing GVs’second-stage closing speed is conducive to controlling the maximum reverse axial *** directly affect the runner *** RBs’closing speed can further reduce the rotational speed and the maximum reverse axial *** safety margin of each control parameter,flow patterns,and pressure pulsations of a practical hydropower station were all improved after optimization,demonstrating the effectiveness of this method.

关键词： Bulb turbine load rejection transient process double regulation closing law optimization computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

Digital signal acquisition system for complex nuclear reaction experiments

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 124-133页

作者： Wei-Liang Pu Yan-lin Ye jian-ling Lou jia-Hao Chen School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China

A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)parametrization was developed to adapt to different experimental sizes.A user-friendly interface was implemented,which allows converting script language expressions into FPGA internal control *** proposed digital system can be combined with a conventional analog data acquisition system to provide more *** performance of the combined system was veri-fied using experimental data.

关键词： Digital signal acquisition system Trigger Programmable logic Timestamp

Combined effects of massive reclamation and dredging on the variations in hydrodynamic and sediment transport in lingdingyang Estuary,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 127-147页

作者： Kanglin CHEN Yitong lin Jing LIU Zixiao HE Liangwen jia School of Geography and Remote Sensing Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Marine Science Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Marine Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519080China Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Coasts Islands and ReefsGuangzhou 510275China

Anthropogenic disturbances associated with the rapid development of coastal cities have drastically influenced the hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes in many large estuaries *** Estuary(LE),located in the central and southern part of the Pearl River Delta,southern China with a long history of high-intensity anthropogenic disturbances,was studied to explore the contribution rate and mechanism underlying the alteration in hydrodynamics and sediment transport under each phase of human activity.A state-of-the-art modeling tool(TELEMAC-2D),was used to study the variations in the hydrodynamics and sediment transport,accounting for reclamation-induced shoreline and dredging-induced topography *** results indicated that:i)under the influence of successive land reclamation,the general distribution of the Confluence Hydrodynamic Zone(CHZ)in LE varied from scattered to concentrated,and these zones moved 3–5 km ***)Large-scale channel dredging weakened the residual flow in LE,decreasing the residual flow in the Inner-lingding Estuary(ILE)by 62.45%.This was initiated by the enhancement of tidal dynamics through changes in the bottom friction caused by dredging in the *** contrast,massive reclamation decreased the residual flow in the ILE by 17.55%and increased that in the Outer-lingding Estuary(OLE).iii)Despite disturbances related to land reclamation and dredging,the estuarine jet flow in LE remained a turbulent jet system,and the estuarine jet flow became more *** addition,the position of the estuarine jet source moved 6–13 km ***)Both reclamation and dredging decreased the SSC in the ILE and increased the SSC in the *** weakened the SSC in the ILE by 62.19%,whereas dredging enhanced the SSC in the OLE by 49%.Spatially,reclamation resulted in an increase in the SSC near the outlets and a decrease in the SSC in the northern portion of the Western *** mainly increased the SSC in the north

关键词： reclamation and dredging estuarine jet flow dynamics and sediment transport mechanism lingdingyang Estuary

Rheological Behaviors of Polymers with Nanoparticles Tethered at Each End

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 400-406,I0009页

作者： Song-Qi Zhang Wen-Qing Wang jia-Ping lin Li-Quan Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The polymer with nanoparticles tethered at each end is a unique model for unraveling the effect of chain ends on the polymer dynamics. We investigated the rheological behavior of this kind of polymer by using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of polymer lengths and nanoparticle radii on the complex moduli and viscosity was examined. The dependence of complex moduli on the frequency becomes less pronounced as the polymer is short or the nanoparticle is large. The shear thinning behavior was revealed for these systems, and the scaling exponent of complex viscosity with respect to the frequency was found to change from-1/2 to-3/4 as the polymer shortens or the nanoparticle enlarges. The rheological behavior was further explained by analyzing the mean square distance of nanoparticles. The simulation results were compared with the existing experimental finding, showing an agreement. The work provides information for understanding the chain end effect on polymer rheology.

关键词： Polymer rheology Modulus Viscosity Molecular dynamics