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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen L.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava jennifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Risk scores for allograft failure: Are they still useful in liver recipients from donation after circulatory death?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 95-100页

作者： Mohamed H Mohamed Chairi Mónica Mogollón González jennifer Triguero Cabrera Inmaculada Segura Jiménez Maria T Villegas Herrera Jesús M Villar del Moral Transplant Surgery Division Department of SurgeryVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18013AndalusiaSpain

BACKGROUND Liver grafts from donation after circulatory death(DCD)are associated with a higher risk of early graft dysfunction,determined by the warm ischemia and cold ischemia *** is essential to have precise criteria to identify this complication in order to guide therapeutic *** To validate different graft and recipient survival scores in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT)with DCD *** A retrospective and observational unicentric study was conducted on 65 LT patients with grafts obtained from controlled DCD donors from November 2013 to November *** United Kingdom(UK)risk score,early allograft dysfunction(EAD)Olthoff score,and model for early allograft function(MEAF)score were used to evaluate the risk of graft and recipient survival *** survival analysis purposes,we used the Kaplan-Meier method,and the differences between subgroups were compared using the log-rank(Mantel-Cox)*** Sixty-five patients were included in the *** UK risk score did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft ***,in donors aged over 70 years old(18.4%),it significantly predicted graft survival(P<0.05).According to Kaplan-Meier survival curves,graft survival rates at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years in the futility group dramatically decreased to 50%compared to the other groups(log-rank 8.806,P<0.05).The EAD Olthoff and MEAF scores did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft *** on Kaplan-Meier survival curves,patients with a MEAF score≥7 had a lower graft survival rate at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years compared to patients with a lower MEAF score(log-rank 4.667,P<0.05).CONCLUSION In our series,both UK DCD risk score and MEAF score showed predictive capability for graft survival.

关键词： Liver transplantation Donation after circulatory death Early allograft dysfunction Risk scores Graft surviva

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Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 431-434页

作者： Entezar Berik Zijia Zhang Wei Li Yawen Liu Sihan Chen Wenyong Wu Zhaojun Wang Xinqin Kong Wenqiang Pei Huiqing Dong Huali Long Min Lei jennifer Yiyang Wang Liangfeng Liu Jinjun Hou Jing Feng Zhaoxia Li Wanying Wu De-an Guo Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Chinese Materia Medica Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210029China Limin Pharmaceutical Factory Livzon Group LimitedShaoguanGuangdong512028China Guangdong Corporate Key Laboratory of High-End Liquid Medicine R&D IndustrilizationShaoguanGuangdong512028China Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of ScienceShanghai201203China

Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the central nervous system(CNS)in CIC is often *** drugs cause stress responses and inflammation,which may impact the hypothalamus and disrupt systemic energy and neuroendocrine *** hypothalamic roles in regulating these processes can provide insights into CIC's mechanisms and aid in developing novel therapies.

关键词： injection drugs glucocorticoid chemotherapy

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四条腿的天使

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中学生英语 2024年第27期 26-28页

作者： jennifer Crites 张宁

Surrounded by rolling green hills dotted1with horses and cows,the beautiful ranch town of Waimea on Hawaii's Big Island is a peaceful and friendly *** afternoon,while staying with friends at their house there,my husband and I decided to go for a walk along the many,mostly traffic-free,country lanes2in the area.夏威夷大岛上风景如画的牧场小镇威美亚镇被连绵起伏的青山环绕,其间散布着马匹和奶牛,是一个宁静友好的地方。住在那里朋友的家里期间,一天下午,我和丈夫决定沿着该地区许多几乎没有车辆通行的乡村小路散步。

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome From Hyperemesis Gravidarum

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 54-56页

作者： Vaishnavi Jagat Patel jennifer Vu Gisela Mercado Sreenivas Avula Shad Deering University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine San AntonioTX 78235USA Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78207USA Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX 77030USA Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78207USA Department of Radiology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of OB/GYN Children’s Hospital of San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78207USA Department of OB/GYN Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

To editor:Wernicke encephalopathy(WE)is an acute neurological disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin B1(thiamine),with a prevalence of 1.3%in autopsy studies.1 Eighty-four percent of patients with WE will develop Korsakoff syndrome,which is characterized by amnesia and confusion.2 Although WE is more common in alcoholics,it can also be caused by vomiting,malnourishment,and other situations.

关键词： Hyperemesis gravidarum Wernicke's encephalopathy Pregnancy complication Wernicke-korsakoff

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≥60岁高血压病人控制血压在较高或较低水平的药物治疗--美国医师协会和美国家庭医师学会临床实践指南

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护理研究（下旬版） 2017年第8期31卷 2945-2950页

作者： Amir Qaseem Timothy J.Wilt Robert Rich Linda L.Humphrey jennifer frost Mary Ann Forciea 美国医师协会临床指南委员会、美国家庭医师学会公共健康与科学委员会

目的:针对≥60岁的高血压病人治疗中较高和较低降压目标的利弊,美国医师协会(ACP)和美国家庭医师学会(AAFP)共同制订了这一指南,为临床治疗提供证据及治疗建议。方法:本指南依据于已发表的主要疗效指标的随机对照试验以及针对危害的观... 详细信息

目的:针对≥60岁的高血压病人治疗中较高和较低降压目标的利弊,美国医师协会(ACP)和美国家庭医师学会(AAFP)共同制订了这一指南,为临床治疗提供证据及治疗建议。方法:本指南依据于已发表的主要疗效指标的随机对照试验以及针对危害的观察性研究的系统性评价。资料来源于EMBASE、系统性综述Cochrane数据库、MEDLINE和Clinical ***,搜索时间为从数据库建立开始至2015年1月,其中MEDLINE数据更新到2016年9月。评估指标包括全因死亡率、与卒中相关的发病率和死亡率、主要心脏事件(包括致死和非致死性心肌梗死和心源性猝死)和危害。本指南采用GRADE法(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation)对证据和建议进行分级。目标使用者和病人人群:本指南的目标使用者为所有临床医师,目标病人人群包括所有年龄≥60岁的高血压病人。建议1:对≥60岁、收缩压持续≥150mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)的病人治疗时,ACP和AAFP建议临床医师应启动降压治疗以控制收缩压<150mmHg,从而减少死亡、脑卒中和心脏事件的风险(等级:强烈推荐,高质量证据)。对≥60岁高血压病人进行治疗时,建议临床医生定期与病人具体讨论降压目标的利弊,根据讨论情况选择治疗目标。建议2:对≥60岁的有脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作病史的病人,ACP和AAFP建议临床医生考虑启动或者加强药物治疗,以控制收缩压<140mmHg,降低脑卒中复发的风险(等级:弱推荐,中等质量证据)。对≥60岁高血压病人进行治疗时,建议临床医生定期与病人具体讨论降压目标的利弊,根据讨论情况选择治疗目标。建议3:对一部分≥60岁有高度心血管风险的病人,ACP和AAFP建议临床医生根据个体评估情况考虑启动或者强化降压药物治疗,控制收缩压到140mmHg以下,从而减少脑卒中或心脏事件发生的风险(等级:弱推荐,低质量证据)。对≥60岁高血压病人进行治疗时,建议临床医生定期与病人具体讨论降压目标的利弊,根据讨论情况选择治疗目标。

关键词：高血压血压药物治疗临床实践指南老年人控制血压

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Anal cancer screening in women with a history of human papillomavirusrelated lower genital tract cancers:a pilot study

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 88-93页

作者： Isobel Mary Poynten Fengyi Jin Rhonda Farrell Trevor Tejada-Berges Carmella Law Richard Hillman jennifer Roberts Andrew Grulich The Kirby Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Chris O'Brien Lifehouse SydneyNew South WalesAustralia Prince of Wales Private Hospital RandwickNew South WalesAustralia Dysplasia and Anal Cancer Services St Vincent's Hospital SydneyDarlinghurstNewSouthWalesAustralia Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Objectives Women diagnosed with a history of lower genital tract cancer(LGTC)and precancer are at increased risk of anal *** for anal cancer in a manner analogous to cervical cancer may detect precursor anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(HSILs)and prevent progression to *** In a pilot study of anal cancer screening,women with previous LGTC and aged≥18 years in Sydney,Australia underwent a digital anorectal examination,anal swab for human papillomavirus(HPV)and p16/Ki67 testing and completeda *** with positive HPV and/or p16/Ki67 results were referred for a high-resolution anoscopy(HRA)and evaluation of their *** Of 52 participants,46 agreed to screening and 6 provided demographic information *** age was 46.5 years(IQR:36.059.0).Anal high-risk HPV(HRHPV)was detected in only seven(15.2%)participants(three HPV16).Eight(17.4%)had positive p16/Ki67 dual staining,with invalid results for 25(54.4%).0f 10 women referred for HRA,9 attended and 3 had HSILs,representing 6.5%of the screened *** were completed by 41 participants(89.1%).The majority reported that being screenedwas reassuring(97.5%)and was positive for their health(95.1%).Conclusion This pilot study demonstrated a lower-than-expected prevalence of anal *** with HRHPV and p16/Ki67 staining identified anal HSILs in 6.5%of ***,screeningwas viewed as beneficial by almost all *** utility of p16/Ki67dual staining was low,suggesting it may not be a suitable anal cancer screening methodology.

关键词： pilot Sydney screening

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Geospatial Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effects and Tree Equity

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Jillian Gorrell Sharon R. Jean-Philippe Paul D. Ries jennifer K. Richards Neelam C. Poudyal Rochelle Butler School of Natural Resources University of Tennessee 203 Third Creek Building Knoxville Tennessee USA

In recent decades, Urban Heat Island Effects have become more pronounced and more widely examined. Despite great technological advances, our current societies still experience great spatial disparity in urban forest access. Urban Heat Island Effects are measurable phenomenon that are being experienced by the world’s most urbanized areas, including increased summer high temperatures and lower evapotranspiration from having impervious surfaces instead of vegetation and trees. Tree canopy cover is our natural mitigation tool that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis, protects humans from incoming radiation, and releases cooling moisture into the air. Unfortunately, urban areas typically have low levels of vegetation. Vulnerable urban communities are lower-income areas of inner cities with less access to heat protection like air conditioners. This study uses mean evapotranspiration levels to assess the variability of urban heat island effects across the state of Tennessee. Results show that increased developed land surface cover in Tennessee creates measurable changes in atmospheric evapotranspiration. As a result, the mean evapotranspiration levels in areas with less tree vegetation are significantly lower than the surrounding forested areas. Central areas of urban cities in Tennessee had lower mean evapotranspiration recordings than surrounding areas with less development. This work demonstrates the need for increased tree canopy coverage.

关键词： Spatial Analysis Land Cover Urban Heat Island Effect (UHIE) Evapotranspiration Tree Canopy Impervious Surface GIS Prediction Model GIS Machine Learning

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Two methods for separating the magnetospheric solar wind charge exchange soft X-ray emission from the diffuse X-ray background

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 119-132页

作者： YingJie Zhang TianRan Sun jenniferACarter WenHao Liu Steve Sembay ShuiNai Zhang Li Ji Chi Wang State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences The University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics and Astronomy The University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Solar wind charge exchange(SWCX)is the process of solar wind high-valence ions exchanging charges with neutral components and generating soft ***,detecting the SWCX emission from the magnetosphere is proposed as a new technique to study the magnetosphere using panoramic soft X-ray *** better prepare for the data analysis of upcoming magnetospheric soft X-ray imaging missions,this paper compares the magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by two methods in an XMM-Newton observation,during which the solar wind changed *** two methods differ in the data used to fit the diffuse X-ray background(DXB)parameters in spectral *** method adding data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS)is called the RASS *** method using the quiet observation data is called the Quiet method,where quiet observations usually refer to observations made by the same satellite with the same target but under weaker solar wind *** show that the spectral compositions of magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by the two methods are very similar,and the changes in intensity over time are highly consistent,although the intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.68±0.56 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)higher than that obtained by the Quiet *** the DXB intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.84±0.74 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)lower than that obtained by the Quiet method,and the linear correlation coefficient between the difference of SWCX and DXB obtained by the two methods in diffe rent energy band is close to-1,the diffe rences in magnetospheric SWCX can be fully attributed to the diffe rences in the fitted *** difference between the two methods is most significant when the energy is less than 0.7 keV,which is also the main energy band of SWCX *** addition,the difference between the two methods is not related to the SWCX intensity and,to some extent,to solar wind conditions,because SWCX intensity typically va ries with the

关键词： solar wind charge exchange(SWCX) ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS) soft X-ray X-ray imaging magnetosphere

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