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Evaluating rock mass disturbance within open-pit excavations using seismic methods:A case study from the Hinkley Point C nuclear power station

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第3期13卷 500-512页

作者： Antony Butcher Anna L.Stork james P.Verdon j-Michael Kendall Katrin Plenkers Finlay Booth Marcus Boneham Adrian Koe School of Earth Sciences University of BristolWills Memorial BuildingQueen’s RoadBristolBS81RJUK Department of Earth Sciences University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX13ANUK Gesellschaft für Materialprüfung und Geophysik(GMuG) Bad Nauheim61231Germany Mott MacDonald 10 Temple BackBristolBS16FLUK Atkins The Hub500 Park AvenueAztec WestBristolBS324RZUK Atkins The Axis10 Holliday StreetBirminghamB11TFUK

Understanding rock strength is essential when undertaking major excavation projects,as accurate assessments ensure both safe and cost-effective engineered *** the cost-safety trade-off becomes more imperative during the construction of critical infrastructure such as nuclear power stations,where key components are built within relatively deep *** these engineered slopes is reliant on rock strength models,which are generally parameterised using estimates of rock properties(*** compressive strength,rock disturbance)measured prior to the commencement of ***,the physical process of excavation weakens the remaining rock ***,the model also requires an adjustment for the anticipated rock *** practice,this parameter is difficult to quantify and as a result it is often poorly *** can have a significant impact on the final design and cost of *** present results from passive and active seismic surveys,which image the extent and degree of disturbance within recently excavated slopes at the construction site of Hinkley Point C nuclear power *** from active seismic surveys indicate that the disturbance is primarily confined to 0.5 m from the excavated *** conjunction,passive monitoring is used to detected seismic events corresponding to fracturing on the cm-scale and event locations are in agreement with 0.5 m of disturbance into the rock *** suggests rock disturbance at this site is relatively low and occurred during and immediately after the excavation.A ratio of seismic velocities recorded before and after excavations are used to determine the disturbance parameter required for the Hoek eBrown rock failure criterion,and we assess that rock disturbance is low with the magnitude of the disturbance diminishing more quickly than expected into the excavated *** methods provide a low-cost and quick method to assess excavation related rock mass disturbance,

关键词： Rock mass strength Rock disturbance Seismic tomography Piezoelectric surveys Picoseismicity Acoustic emissions

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Resident involvement in the prostatic urethral lift:implementing innovative technology in an academic setting

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Asian journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 616-620页

作者： Ridwan Alam Matthew j Rabinowitz Taylor P Kohn Vanessa N Peña james L Liu Yasin Bhanji Amin S Herati Department of Urology The James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Adoption of the prostatic urethral lift(PUL)as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia highlights the importance of training residents with novel technology without compromising patient *** study examines the effect of resident involvement during PUL on patient and procedural *** chart review was conducted on all consecutive PUL cases performed by a single academic urologist between October 2017 and November *** in post-graduate year(PGY)1–3 are considered junior residents,while those in PGY 4–6 are senior *** International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)and quality of life(QOL)scores were used to measure *** and mixed-effects linear regression models were used to compare *** were 110 patients with a median age of 66.4 *** were involved in 73 cases(66.4%),and senior residents were involved in 31 of those *** involvement was not associated with adverse perioperative outcomes with respect to the number of implants fired,the percentage of implants successfully placed,or the postoperative catheterization *** adjustment for confounding factors,junior residents were associated with significantly longer case length compared to the attending alone(+12.6 min,P=0.003)but senior residents were not(+2.4 min,P=0.59).IPSS and QOL scores were not significantly affected by resident involvement(P=0.12 and P=0.21,respectively).The presence of surgeons-in-training,particularly those in the early stages,prolongs PUL case length but does not appear to have an adverse impact on patient outcomes.

关键词： internship and residency operative time prostatic hyperplasia prostheses and implants quality of life

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Implications of nitrogen phloem loading for carbon metabolism and transport during Arabidopsis development

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第6期59卷 409-421页

作者： james P. Santiago Mechthild Tegeder School of Biological Sciences and Molecular Plant Sciences Graduate Program Washington State University Pullman Washington 99164 USA

Metabolite transport processes and primary metabolism are highly interconnected. This study exam- ined the importance of source-to-sink nitrogen partition- ing, and associated nitrogen metabolism for carbon capture, transport and usage. Specifically, Arabidopsis aap8 （AMINO ACID PERMEASE 8） mutant lines were analyzed to resolve the consequences of reduced amino acid phloem loading for source leaf carbon metabolism, sucrose phloem transport and sink development during vegetative and reproductive growth phase. Results showed that decreased amino acid transport had a negative effect on sink development of aap8 lines throughout the life cycle, leading to an overall decrease in plant biomass. During vegetative stage, photosynthe- sis and carbohydrate levels were decreased in aap8 leaves, while expression of carbon metabolism and transport genes, as well as sucrose phloem transport were not affected despite reduced sink strength. However, when aap8 plants transitioned to reproductive phase, carbon fixation and assimilation as well as sucrose partitioning to siliques were strongly decreased. Overall, this work demonstrates that phloem loading of nitrogen has varying implications for carbon fixation, assimilation and source-to-sink allocation depending on plant growth stage. It further suggests alterations in source-sink relationships, and regulation of carbon metabolism and transport by sink strength in a development-dependent manner.

关键词： William j. Lucas, University of California, Davis, USA Received Feb. 25, 2017 Accepted Mar. 9, 2017 Online on Mar. 14,2017

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Equivariant analytical mapping of first principles Hamiltonians to accurate and transferable materials models

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1468-1481页

作者： Liwei Zhang Berk Onat Geneviève Dusson Adam McSloy G.Anand Reinhard j.Maurer Christoph Ortner james R.Kermode Department of Mathematics University of British Columbia1984 Mathematics RoadVancouverBCV6T 1Z2Canada Warwick Centre for Predictive Modelling School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK Laboratoire de Mathématiques UMR CNRS 6623UniversitéBourgogne Franche-Comté16 route de Gray25030BesançonFrance Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology-ShibpurHowrahWBIndia Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK

We propose a scheme to construct predictive models for Hamiltonian matrices in atomic orbital representation from ab initio data as a function of atomic and bond *** scheme goes beyond conventional tight binding descriptions as it represents the ab initio model to full order,rather than in two-centre or three-centre *** achieve this by introducing an extension to the atomic cluster expansion(ACE)descriptor that represents Hamiltonian matrix blocks that transform equivariantly with respect to the full rotation *** approach produces analytical linear models for the Hamiltonian and overlap *** an application to aluminium,we demonstrate that it is possible to train models from a handful of structures computed with density functional theory,and apply them to produce accurate predictions for the electronic *** model generalises well and is able to predict defects accurately from only bulk training data.

关键词： structure Hamiltonian analytical

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Evaluating the probability of silent circulation of polio in small populations using the silent circulation statistic

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2019年第1期4卷 239-250页

作者： Celeste Vallejo Carl A.B.Pearson james Koopman Thomas j.Hladish Mathematical Biosciences Institute The Ohio State UniversityJennings Hall 3rd Floor1735 Neil Ave.ColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology&Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Disease London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineUnited Kingdom South African Centre for Epidemiological Modeling and Analysis Stellenbosch UniversitySouth Africa Very Good Research&Development LLCUnited States Department of Epidemiology University of Michigan1415 Washington HeightsAnn ArborMI 48109United States Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaP.O.Box 1000092055 Mowry RoadGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Biology University of Florida220 Bartram HallP.O.Box 118525GainesvilleFL 32611United States

As polio-endemic countries move towards elimination,infrequent first infections and incomplete surveillance make it difficult to determine when the virus has been eliminated from the *** and Dietz[American journal of Epidemiology,143,8(1996)]proposed a model to estimate the probability of silent polio circulation depending upon when the last paralytic case was *** the same kind of stochastic model they did,we additionally model waning polio immunity in the context of isolated,small,and unvaccinated *** compare using the Eichner and Dietz assumption of an initial case at the start of the simulation to a more accurate determination that observes the first *** former estimates a higher probability of silent circulation in small populations,but this effect diminishes with increasing model *** also show that stopping the simulation after a specific time estimates a lower probability of silent circulation than when all replicates are run to extinction,though this has limited impact on small *** extensions to the Eichner and Dietz work improve the basis for decisions concerning the probability of silent *** model realism will be needed for accurate silent circulation risk assessment.

关键词： Silent circulation Silent circulation statistic Polio

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Barriers and facilitators to participating in cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity:A cross-sectional survey

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World journal of Cardiology 2022年第2期14卷 83-95页

作者： Matthew james Fraser Stephen j Leslie Trish Gorely Emma Foster Ronie Walters Division of Biomedical Science University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom Department of Nursing and Midwifery University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Cardiac Unit NHSH NHS HighlandInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)have been shown to be the greatest cause of death worldwide and rates continue to *** is recommended that CVD patients attend cardiac rehabilitation(CR)following a cardiac event to reduce mortality,improve recovery and positively influence behaviour around CVD risk *** the recognised benefits and international recommendations for exercisebased CR,uptake and attendance remain suboptimal.A greater understanding of CR barriers and facilitators is required,not least to inform service *** understanding current cardiac patients’attitudes and opinions around CR and physical activity(PA)could inform patient-led ***,through understanding aspects of CR and PA that participants like/dislike could provide healthcare providers and policy makers with information around what elements to target in the *** To investigate participants’attitudes and opinions around CR and *** This study employed a cross-sectional survey design on 567 cardiac *** patients who were referred for standard CR classes at a hospital in the Scottish Highlands,from May 2016 to May 2017 were *** part of a larger survey,the current study analysed the free-text responses to 5 open-ended questions included within the wider *** were related to the participants’experience of CR,reasons for non-attendance,ideas to increase attendance and their opinions on *** data were analysed using a 6-step,reflexive thematic *** Two main topic areas were explored:“Cardiac rehabilitation experience”and“physical activity”.Self-efficacy was increased as a result of attending CR due to exercising with similar individuals and the safe environment *** ranged from age and health to distance and starting times of the classes which increased travel time and ***,responses demonstrated a lack of information and communication around the *** h

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Cardiac rehabilitation Physical activity Barriers Facilitators Patient experience

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Effects of creep feeding and supplemental glutamine or glutamine plus glutamate (Aminogut) on pre- and post-weaning growth performance and intestinal health of piglets

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 211-222页

作者： Rafael A Cabrera james L Usry Consuelo Arrellano Eduardo T Nogueira Marianne Kutschenko Adam j Moeser jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Huvepharma USA 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City GA 30269 USA Ajinomoto Heartland Lysine Department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695-8203 USA Ajinomoto do Brasil. Ajinomoto Animal Nutrition Sāo Paulo SP 04015-001 Brazil Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA

Background： Creep feeding is used to stimulate piglet post-weaning feed consumption.L-Glutamine（GLN） is an important source of fuel for intestinal epithelial *** objective of this study was to determine the impact of creep feeding and adding GLN or AminoGut（AG;containing glutamine ＋ glutamate） to pre-and post-weaning diets on pig performance and intestinal ***（N = 120） were allotted to four treatments during 14–21 d of lactation： 1） No creep feed（NC,n = 45）;2） creep fed control diet（CFCD,n = 45）;3） creep fed 1% GLN（CFGLN,n = 15）;4） creep fed.88% AG（CFAG,n = 15）.After weaning,the NC and CFCD groups were sub-divided into three groups（n = 15 each）,receiving either a control nursery diet（NC-CD,CFCD-CD） or a diet supplemented with either GLN（NC-GLN,CFCD-GLN） or with AG（NC-AG,CFCD-AG）.Litters that were creep fed with diets containing GLN or AG also were supplemented with those amino acids in the nursery diets（CFGLN-GLN,CFAG-AG）.Glutamine was added at 1% in all three post-weaning diet phases and AG was added at.88% in phase 1 and 2 and at.66% in phase ***： Feed conversion（feed/gain） showed means among treatment means close to significance（P = 0.056） and Tukey＇s test for pairwise mean comparisons showed that Pigs in the CFGLN-GLN group had the best feed conversion（feed/gain） in the first three-week period post-weaning,exceeding（P = 0.044） controls（CFCD-CD） by 34%.The NC-AG group had（P = 0.02） the greatest feed intake in the last three week of the study,exceeding controls（CFCD-CD） by 12%.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and sow reared（SR） pigs had the greatest（P = 0.049） villi height exceeding the CFCD-AG group by 18%,20% and 19% *** CFAG-AG group had the deepest（P = 0.001） crypts among all ***-GLN,CFCD-GLN and SR groups had the greatest（P = 0.001） number of cells proliferating（PCNA） exceeding those in the NC-CD group by 43%,54% and 63% *** reared pigs showed the greatest（P = 0.001） intestinal absorption capacity for xylose and

关键词： Creep feeding Glutamine Growth performance Intestinal health SEM Villi

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Tinker,tailor,soldier,cell:the role of C-type lectins in the defense and promotion of disease

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Protein & Cell 2023年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： james N.Arnold Daniel A.Mitchell School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College LondonLondon SE11ULUK Warwick Medical School University of WarwickCoventry CV22DXUK

C-type lectins(CTLs)represent a large family of soluble and membrane-bound proteins which bind calcium dependently via carbohydrate recognition domains(CRDs)to glycan residues presented on the surface of a variety of *** deconvolution of a cell’s glycan code by CTLs underpins several important physiological processes in mammals such as pathogen neutralization and opsonization,leukocyte trafficking,and the inflammatory ***,as our knowledge of CTLs has developed it has become apparent that the role of this innate immune family of proteins can be double-edged,where some pathogens have developed approaches to subvert and exploit CTL interactions to promote infection and sustain the pathological ***,CTL interactions with host glycoproteins can contribute to inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and cancer whereby,in certain contexts,they exacerbate inflammation and drive malignant *** review discusses the‘dual agent’roles of some of the major mammalian CTLs in both resolving and promoting infection,inflammation and inflammatory disease and highlights opportunities and emerging approaches for their therapeutic modulation.

关键词： C-type lectins DC-SIGN MBL selectins infection arthritis cancer

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Endoscopy is of low yield in the identification of gastrointestinal neoplasia in patients with dermatomyositis: A cross-sectional study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4788-4795页

作者： Trilokesh D Kidambi Gabriela Schmajuk Andrew j Gross james W Ostroff jonathan P Terdiman jeffrey K Lee Division of Gastroenterology University of California Division of Rheumatology University of California Division of Rheumatology San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center

To determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal neoplasia among dermatomyositis patients who underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy and/or colonoscopy. METHODSA cross-sectional study examining the results of upper endoscopy and colonoscopy in adults with dermatomyositis at an urban, university hospital over a ten year period was performed. Chart review was performed to confirm the diagnosis of dermatomyositis. Findings on endoscopy were collected and statistical analyses stratified by age and presence of symptoms were performed. RESULTSAmong 373 adult patients identified through a code based search strategy, only 163 patients had dermatomyositis confirmed by chart review. Of the 47 patients who underwent upper endoscopy, two cases of Barrett’s esophagus without dysplasia were identified and there were no cases of malignancy. Of the 67 patients who underwent colonoscopy, no cases of malignancy were identified and an adenoma was identified in 15% of cases. No significant differences were identified in the yield of endoscopy when stratified by age or presence of symptoms. CONCLUSIONThe yield of endoscopy is low in patients with dermatomyositis and is likely similar to the general population; we identified no cases of malignancy. A code based search strategy is inaccurate for the diagnosis of dermatomyositis, calling into question the results of prior population-based studies. Larger studies with rigorously validated search strategies are necessary to understand the risk of gastrointestinal malignancy in patients with dermatomyositis.

关键词： Endoscopy Dermatomyositis Colon cancer Screening

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Inflammation,physical activity,and chronic disease:An evolutionary perspective

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第1期2卷 1-6页

作者： Roberto Carlos Burini Elizabeth Anderson j.Larry Durstine james A.Carson Botucatu Medical School Sao Paulo State University-UNESPBotucatuSPBrazil Arnold School of Public Health Department of Exercise ScienceUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA College of Health Professions Division of Rehabilitation ScienceUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Low-grade inflammation is emerging as a common feature of contemporary metabolic,psychiatric,and neurodegenerative *** physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity are associated with persistent systemic low-grade ***,the behavioral,biological,and physiological changes that cause a predisposition to obesity and other co-morbidities could have epigenetic underpinnings in addition to various evolutionary scenarios.A key assumption involves the potential for a mismatch between the human genome molded over generations,and the issue of adapting to the modern high calorie diet and common built environments promoting *** biological mismatch appears to have dire health ***,the goal of this article is to provide a brief overview on the importance of inflammation as part of human survival and how physical activity(PA)and physical inactivity are critical regulators of systemic *** review will highlight antiinflammatory effects of PA and exercise training from a metabolic and systemic signaling perspective,which includes skeletal muscle to utilization of fatty acids,TLR4 signaling,and myokine/adipokine *** available evidence suggests that PA,regular exercise,and weight loss offer both protection against and treatment for a wide variety of chronic diseases associated with low-grade inflammation through an improved inflammatory profile.

关键词： Inflammation Immunity Myokines Cytokines Physical inactivity Physical activity Exercise Obesity

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