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Soil chemical fertility change over four decades in the Morvan Mountains and influence of tree species (Burgundy, France)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 460-474页

作者： Margaux Clesse Arnaud Legout jacques Ranger Bernd Zeller Gregory van der Heijden INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance

Background: Intensive silvicultural practices and the planting of monospecific forests of coniferous, that are more productive compared to hardwoods may threaten over the mid to long-term the sustainability of soil chemical fertility of forest ecosystems, and are a major concern for forest managers and ***: We investigated the tree species effect(Quercus sessiliflora Smith, Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies Karst.,Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco., Abies nordmanniana Spach. and Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) on the change over time of soil chemical properties and nutrient pool sizes in the mineral and organic layers of the soil during the 45 years after the plantation of the Breuil-Chenue common garden experiment(Burgundy,France). The organic and mineral soil layers down to 70-cm depth were sampled in the different monospecific plots in 1974, 2001 and ***: Exchangeable Ca and Mg pools and soil pH increased on average over time in the 0–70 cm soil profile in most stands. However, in the topsoil layers(0–15 cm), the decrease of pH, the increase of exchangeable acidity over time under the coniferous stands and the decrease of exchangeable K pools in most stands highlighted that soil acidification is still on-going at Breuil-Chenue site but the intensity of this process depends on the tree ***, three groups of species could be distinguished: i) Nordmann fir(Abies nordmanniana Spach.)/Norway spruce(Picea abies Karst.) where acidolysis and chelation occurred, resulting in the most pronounced pH decrease in the topsoil, ii) Douglas fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco.)/Laricio pine(Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) where acidification caused by elevated nitrification rates is probably currently compensated by larger weathering and/or atmospheric depositions fluxes, and iii) oak(Quercus sessiliflora Smith)/beech(Fagus sylvatica L.) where soil acidification was less intense. Counterintuitively, soil a

关键词： Nutrient pools Tree species Acidification Podzolisation Recovery Ecosystem services

Adult size and tinning of reproduction in five species of Asobara parasitoid wasps

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1334-1345页

作者： Majeed Askari Seyahooei Ken Kraaijeveld Abdoolnabi Bagheri jacques J.Mvan Alphen Plant Protection Research Department Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAgricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO)Bandar AbbasIran Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Institute of Ecological ScienceAnimal EcologyVrije University AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands

The majority o f adult parasitoid wasps are unable to synthesize lipids and therefore face a trade-off between the investment of lipids in eggs or in the maintenance of *** has been shown that resource allocation should depend on body size in *** that smaller females have shorter expected life times,they should concentrate their reproductive effort into early *** test this prediction,we investigated the relationship between body size and the timing of egg production in *** measured body size,lipid reserves,and reproductive investment(number of eggs,ovigeny index equivalent[OIE]and egg size)at eclosion in five species of Asobara(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)originating from different geographic and climatic *** results show significant interspecific variation in all these traits.A diagnostic test for phylogenetic independence revealed that closely related species did not resemble each other more closely than expected by chance for all traits *** reserves scaled positively with body size both between and within *** agreement with theory,01 correlated negatively with body size both between and within *** egg area at eclosion correlated negatively with lipid reserves both between and within *** indicates the existence of a trade-off between allocation of lipids to current reproduction and survival/future *** the exception of the most extreme pro-ovigenic species,*** im ilis,we found that proovigeny was compensated for by small egg *** results indicate the role of habitats in shaping interspecific variation in resource allocation strategies.

关键词： hymenopterous parasitoids lipid reserve ovigeny index equivalent reproduction strategy resource allocation

Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Secondary stenting of the celiac trunk after inefficient median arcuate ligament release and reoperation as an alternative to simultaneous hepatic artery reconstruction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 919-925页

作者： Théophile Guilbaud jacques Ewald Olivier Turrini Jean Robert Delpero Department of Surgery Institut Paoli Calmettes13009 MarseilleFrance

In patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD),unrecognized hemodynamically significant celiac axis(CA) stenosis impairs hepatic arterial flow by suppressing the collateral pathways supplying arterial flow from the superior mesenteric artery and leads to serious hepatobiliary complications due to liver and biliary ischemia, with a high rate of mortality. CA stenosis is usually due to an extrinsic compression by a previously asymptomatic median arcuate ligament(MAL). MAL is diagnosed by computerized tomography in about 10% of the candidates for PD, but only half are found to be hemodynamically significant during the gastroduodenal artery clamping test with Doppler assessment, which is mandatory before any resection. MAL release is usually efficient to restore an adequate liver blood inflow and prevent ischemic complications. In cases of failure in MAL release, postponed PD with secondary stenting of the CA and reoperation for PD should be considered as an alternative to immediate hepatic artery re-construction, which involves the risk of postoperative thrombosis of the arterial reconstruction. We recently used this two-stage strategy in a patient undergoing surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Pancreaticoduodenectomy Celiac axis stenosis Median arcuate ligament

A Model Structured in Classes for the Study of Student Population Evolution

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上海大学学报（自然科学版） 2014年第2期20卷 127-137页

作者： PEREIRA Edgar ROSA Cecilia SILVA jacques Department of Mathematics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Department of Mathematics Instituto Politecnico da Guarda Department of Mathematics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

This paper presents an application of a metapopulation model structured in classes for the study of population evolution of a network of *** global dynamics are considered in two parts,the local,where the evolution for each grade in a cycle is accounted,and the metapopulation or the movement of students between *** of the model is presented.

关键词：应用数学数学分析数学理论数学概念

Adoptive transfer of IL-10^(+) regulatory B cells decreases myeloid-derived macrophages in the central nervous system in a transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第7期15卷 727-730页

作者： Andrea Pennati Seneshaw Asress Jonathan D Glass jacques Galipeau Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer CenterMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Neurology Emory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA

I mmunosuppressive therapies have meaningful effects on the treatment of multiple sclerosis(MS),a classical inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system.1 In mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),a murine model of human MS,we showed that an adoptive transfer of GM-CSF and Interleukin-15 Fusion Transgene(GIFT15)-derived regulatory B cells(GIFT15 Bregs)sustained a durable remission of the disease.2,3 These regulatory B cells require the expression of MHC class II and IL-10 for suppressive activity.

关键词： sustained sclerosis autoimmune

Structure and Waveguide Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Gd_2O_3 Films

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第1期22卷 27-30页

作者：郭海肖腾杨旭东张慰萍楼立人尹民 jacques Mugnier Structure Research Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Academia Sinica Hefei 230026 China Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Laboratoire des Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents CNRS-UMR 5620 Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France

Pure and rare earth doped gadolinium oxide (Gd 2O 3) waveguide films were prepared by a simple sol-gel process and dip-coating method. Structure of Gd 2O 3 films annealed at different temperature was investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Oriented growth of (400) face of Gd 2O 3 has been observed when the films were deposited on amorphous substrate. The refractive index and thickness of films were determined by m-lines spectroscopy. The laser beam (λ=632.8 nm) was coupled into the film by a prism coupler and the propagation length is about 3.5 cm. Luminescence properties of europium ions doped films were measured by waveguide fluorescence spectroscopy, which shows disordered environment for Eu 3+ at 400 ℃.

关键词： optics waveguide film sol-gel gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) rare earths

Influence of Sludge Incineration Ash on Ryegrass Growth and Soil Phosphorus Status

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Pedosphere 2019年第1期29卷 70-81页

作者： Claude-Alla JOSEPH Lotfi KHIARI jacques GALLICHAND Marc HBERT Ned BEECHER Department of Soil Science and Agrifood Engineering Laval University Ministry of Sustainable Development Environment and the Fight Against Climate Change (MDDELCC) North East Biosolids & Residuals Association (NEBRA)

Phosphorus(P) is a limited resource that could be depleted. Consequently, recycling the P contained in sewage sludge, including sewage sludge incineration ash(SIA), from wastewater treatment plants is a possibility to be explored. A greenhouse experiment using annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) was performed with an experimental design of three completely randomized blocks of two soils and 29 treatments: one control without P and two levels of 9 and 26 kg total P ha^(-1) from 14 different sources: twelve SIAs(not contaminated by trace metals) from the US and Canada, one commercial synthetic fertilizer(triple superphosphate(TSP)), and one commercial rock phosphate(RP). Higher ryegrass biomass levels were achieved at the higher fertilization rate(26 kg total P ha^(-1))and when using the SIAs with the highest P solubility percentage(PSP)(≥ 54% of total P). The biomass increases following SIA application were as high as 29% and 59% more than the control for the sandy loam and clayey soil, respectively, but 40% less than in TSP for both soils. A similar behavior was observed for P uptake, with a maximum increase of 26% for the clayey soil, and 165% for the sandy loam soil. The ryegrass biomass and P uptake increases due to SIA application were larger than those due to RP application in the clayey soil, but similar to those in the sandy loam soil. The SIAs with a PSP of ≥ 54% significantly increased soil available P stocks and saturation. According to our findings, we conclude that the SIAs from municipal and agrifood industries have a potential for P agricultural recycling, but their efficiencies vary.

关键词： biomass P recycling P solubility percentage P uptake rock phosphate triple superphosphate

Soil Macrofaunal Communities are Heterogeneous in Heathlands with Different Grazing Intensity

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 524-533页

作者： Jean-Franois PONGE Sandrine SALMON Amélie BENOIST Jean-jacques GEOFFROY Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7204 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France)

Moderate grazing by cattle increases the heterogeneity of soil and vegetation. This has been suggested as an ecologically sustainable mean of managing natural environments endangered by tree encroachment, such as heathlands. Our study was performed to test the impact of grazing intensity on soil macroinvertebrate communities in heterogeneous landscapes in a private property eligible to the Natura 2000 European Network of Special Protection Areas within the Brenne Natural Regional Park （Indre, ~rance）. We sampled macroinvertebrates along a broken line crossing 5 different land-use types, from pasture to pine forest, passing through a besom heath （Erica scoparia） heathland at 3 levels of cattle pressure. We hypothesized that： i） litter-dwelling （mostly arthropods and mollusks） and soil-dwelling macroinvertebrates （mostly earthworms） would respond in an opposite manner to various grazing intensities, and ii） intermediate cattle pressure （pastured heath） would increase soil and community heterogeneity. The results supported the first hypothesis, which was explained by land-use impacts mediated by soil properties. However, our results supported only partly the second hypothesis since maximum dissimilarity （whether in the composition of soil macroinvertebrate communities or in soil features） was observed in only one out of the two pastured heaths where cattle pressure was intermediate.

关键词： besom heath cattle grazing heterogeneity land-use types soil macroinvertebrates

Effect of disrupted episodic memory on food consumption:no impact of neuronal loss of endophilin A1 on food intake and energy balance

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第4期49卷 329-337页

作者： jacques Togo Yanrui Yang Sumei Hu Jia-Jia Liu John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB242TZUK CAS Center of Excellence for Animal Evolution and Genetics KunmingYunnan 650223China

Food intake is generally assumed to reflect a regulatory tension between homeostatic and hedonic *** from individuals with memory dysfunction suggests that episodic memory may also play a significant *** reasoned that if memory influences food intake,then disrupting a genetic factor that is important in episodic memory formation should affect food intake and energy *** performed spatial learning tests on neuronal specific endophilin A1(EENA1)KO mice using the four-arm baited version of the radial arms maze(RAM).Energy regulation has also been *** anticipated neuronal EENA1 KO mice had impaired spatial ***,loss of endophilin A1 did not result in greater food intake,or altered energy absorption efficiency,relative to wild-type(WT)mice,when fed either low or high fat ***,loss of EENA1 did not significantly affect other features of energy balance—physical activity and energy *** statistically significant changes were observed in the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides related to food intake regulation,or circulating levels of *** conclude that food intake and energy balance are largely governed by homeostatic and hedonic processes,and when these processes are intact memory probably plays a relatively minor role in food intake regulation.

关键词： Memory Food intake Endophilin A1 Obesity Energy expenditure Physical activity