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Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 548-565页

作者： Tanja Myllyviita Sampo Soimakallio jáchym judl jyri Seppälä Finnish Environment Institute Helsinki Finland

Background:Replacing non-renewable materials and energy with wood offers a potential strategy to mitigate climate change if the net emissions of ecosystem and technosystem are reduced in a considered time *** factors(DFs)describe an emission reduction for a wood-based product or fuel which is used in place of a non-wood *** aims of this review were to map and assess DFs from scientific literature and to provide findings on how to harmonise practices behind them and to support coherent ***:Most of the reviewed DFs were positive,implying decreasing fossil GHG emissions in the *** vast majority of the reviewed DFs describe avoided fossil emissions either both in processing and use of wood or only in the latter when wood processing emissions were considered *** of the reviewed DFs included emissions avoided in post-use of harvested wood products(HWPs).Changes in forest and product carbon stocks were not included in DFs except in a few single ***,in most of the reviewed studies they were considered separately in a consistent way along with *** for wood energy,construction and material substitution were widely available,whereas DFs for packaging products,chemicals and textiles were *** than half of DFs were calculated by the authors of the reviewed articles while the rest of them were adopted from other ***:Most of the reviewed DFs describe the avoided fossil GHG *** DFs may provide insights on the wood-based products with a potential to replace emissions intensive alternatives but they do not reveal the actual climate change mitigation effects of wood *** way DFs should be applied and interpreted depends on what has been included in *** the aim of DFs is to describe the overall climate effects of wood use,DFs should include all the relevant GHG flows,including changes in forest and HWP carbon stock and post-use of HWPs,however,based on this lite

关键词： substitution potential replace

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Figure of Merit Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Using Ga-Doped Zinc Oxide in Near Infrared Range

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Photonic Sensors 2020年第4期10卷 340-352页

作者： Sarika PAL Alka VERMA Y.K.PRAjAPATI j.P.SAINI Department of ECE National Institute of Technology UttarakhandSrinagarGarhwal 246174India Department of ECE Institute of Engineering and Rural TechnologyAllahabadPrayagrajUttar Pradesh 211002India Department of ECE Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagrajUttar Pradesh 211004India Department of ECE Netaji Subhas University of Technology(NSUT)New Delhi 110078India

This work presents a surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the figure of merit enhancement by using Ga-doped zinc oxide(GZO),i.e.,nanostructured transparent conducting oxide as plasmonic material in place of metal at the telecommunication ***-dimentional graphene is used here as a biorecognition element(BRE)layer for stable and robust adsorption of *** is possible due to stronger van der Waals forces between graphene’s hexagonal cells and carbon-like ring arrangement present in *** proposed sensor shows improved biosensing due to fascinating electronic,optical,physical,and chemical properties of *** work analyses the sensitivity,detection accuracy,and figure of merit for the GZO/graphene SPR sensor on using the dielectric layer in between the prism and *** highest figure of merit of 366.7 RIU^(−1) is achieved for the proposed SPR biosensor on using the nanostructured GZO at the 3000 nm dielectric *** proposed SPR biosensor can be used practically for sensing of larger size biomolecules with due availability of advanced techniques for the fabrication of the nanostructured GZO and graphene.

关键词： SPR transparent conducting oxide Ga-doped zinc oxide sensitivity(S) detection accuracy figure of merit

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Removal of toxic elements from aqueous environments using nano zero-valent iron-and iron oxide-modified biochar:a review

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 779-799页

作者： Sabry M.Shaheen Ahmed Mosa Natasha Hamada Abdelrahman Nabeel Khan Niazi Vasileios Antoniadis Muhammad Shahid Hocheol Song Eilhann E.Kwon jörg Rinklebe Laboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-Management Institute of Foundation EngineeringWater-and Waste-ManagementSchool of Architecture and Civil EngineeringUniversity of WuppertalPauluskirchstraße 742285 WuppertalGermany Department of Arid Land Agriculture Faculty of MeteorologyEnvironmentand Arid Land AgricultureKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Soil and Water Sciences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KafrelsheikhKafr El-Sheikh 33516Egypt Soils Department Faculty of AgricultureMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusVehari 61100Pakistan Soil Science Dept. Faculty of AgricultureCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment University of ThessalyFytokou Street38446VolosGreece Department of Environment Energy and GeoinformaticsUniversity of SejongGuangjin-GuSeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Biochar(BC)has gained attention for removal of toxic elements(TEs)from aqueous media;however,pristine biochar often exhibits low adsorption ***,various modification strategies in BC have been developed to improve its removal capability against *** zero-valent iron(nZVI)and iron oxides(FeOx)have been used as sorbents for TE ***,these materials are prone to agglomeration and also expensive,which make their usage limited for large-scale *** nZVI technical demerits could be resolved by the development of BC-based composite sorbents through the loading of nZVI or FeOx onto BC *** zero-valent iron modified BC(nZVIBC),FeOx-modified BC(FeOxBC)have attracted attention for their capability in removing pollutants from the aqueous ***,a potential use of nZVIBC and FeOxBC for TE removal from aqueous environments has not been well-realized or *** such,this article reviews:(i)the preparation and characterization of nZVIBC and FeOxBC;(ii)the capacity of nZVIBC and FeOxBC for TE retention in line with their physicochemical properties,and(iii)TE removal mechanisms by nZVIBC and *** nZVI and FeOx in BC increases its sporptive capability of TEs due to surface modifications in morphology,functional groups,and elemental *** combined effects of BC and nZVI,FeOx or Fe salts on the sorption of TEs are complex because they are very specific to *** review identified significant opportunities for research and technol-ogy advancement of nZVIBC and FeOxBC as novel and effective sorbents for the remediation of TEs contaminated water.

关键词： Feedstock Engineered biochar Toxic metal(loid)s Biosorption Wastewater remediation

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Complications associated with energy-based devices during thyroidectomy from 2010–2020

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 35-44页

作者： Esther Lee jane Y.Tong Luke j.Pasick Daniel A.Benito Arjun joshi Punam G.Thakkar joseph F.Goodman Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery George Washington University School of Medicine&amp Health SciencesWashingtonDCUSA Western University of Health Sciences PomonaCAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Objective:Harmonic Focus(Ethicon,johnson and johnson,Cincinnati,OH,USA),LigaSure Small jaw(Medtronic,Covidien Products,Minneapolis,MN,USA),and Thunderbeat Open Fine jaw(Olympus,japan)are electrosurgical instruments used widely in head and neck *** study aims to compare device malfunctions,adverse events to patients,operative injuries,and interventions related to Harmonic,LigaSure,and Thunderbeat use during ***:The US Food and Drug Administration's Manufacture and User Facility Device Experience(MAUDE)database was queried for adverse events associated with Harmonic,LigaSure,and Thunderbeat from january 2005 to August *** were extracted from reports pertaining to ***:Of the 620 adverse events extracted,394(63.5%)involved Harmonic,134(21.6%)LigaSure,and 92(14.8%)*** reported device malfunctions most frequently associated with Harmonic was damage to the blade(110(27.9%)),LigaSure was inappropriate function(47(43.1%)),Thunderbeat was damage to the tissue or Teflon pad(27(30.7%)),*** injury and incomplete hemostasis were the most commonly reported adverse *** operative injury reported most frequently when using Harmonic and LigaSure was burn *** operator injuries were reported with Thunderbeat ***:The most frequently reported device malfunctions were damage to the blade,inappropriate function,and damage to the tissue or Teflon *** most frequently reported adverse events to patients was a burn injury and incomplete *** aimed at improving physician education may help reduce adverse events attributed to improper use.

关键词： Adverse events Harmonic LigaSure Manufacture and User Facility Device Experience Patient safety Quality Thunderbeat Thyroidectomy

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Fabrication and characteristics of nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline diamond/p-type silicon heterojunction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第1期2卷 56-59页

作者： D.Lu H.D.Li S.H.Cheng j.j.Yuan X.Y.Lv State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Jilin University

Nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline diamond films(N-NDFs)have been deposited on p-type silicon(Si)by microwave plasma chemical vapor *** reaction gases are methane,hydrogen,and nitrogen without the conventional argon(Ar).The N-NDFs were characterized by X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy,and scanning electron *** grain sizes are of 8~10 nm in *** N-NDF shows n-type behavior and the corresponding N-NDF/p-Si heterojunction diodes are realized with a high rectification ratio of 102 at^7.8 V,and the current density reaches to1.35 A/cm2 at forward voltage of 8.5 *** findings suggest that fabricated by CH_4/H_2/N_2 without Ar,the N-NDFs and the related rectifying diodes are favorable for achieving high performance diamond-based optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Nanocrystalline diamond film Chemical vapor deposition Nitrogen doped Heterojunction diodes Current-voltage characteristics

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Triple combination targeting PI3K,ER,and CDK4/6 inhibits growth of ER-positive breast cancer resistant to fulvestrant and CDK4/6 or PI3K inhibitor

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Cancer Communications 2023年第6期43卷 720-725页

作者： Mikkel G.Terp Martina Tuttolomondo Neil Portman Sidse Ehmsen Lene E.johansen Martin Bak Elgene Lim Henrik j.Ditzel Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark Garvan Institute of Medical Research DarlinghurstSydneyNew SouthWalesAustralia St.Vincent’s Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New SouthWales SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Oncology Institute of Clinical ResearchOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark Department of Pathology Sydvestjysk SygehusEsbjergDenmark Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research(AgeCare) Odense University HospitalOdenseDenmark

Dear Editor,Despite the improved outcome of advanced estrogen receptor-positive(ER+)breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy in combination with either a cyclindependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor(CDK4/6i)or a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor(PI3Ki),the disease will eventually progress,and the optimal treatment strategy upon progression remains undefined[1-4].To address this,we developed MCF-7-and T47D-derived PIK3CAmutated breast cancer cell lines[5]resistant to combined CDK4/6i palbociclib and fulvestrant(MPF-R and TPFR)or combined PI3Ki alpelisib and fulvestrant(MAF-R and TAF-R),respectively(Supplementary Materials and Methods).Drug-sensitive isogenic cells(M-S and T-S)grown in parallel with MPF-R and TPF-R cells and the original MCF-7/S0.5 and T47D cells were analyzed for comparison.

关键词： PIK3CA breast cancer

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Study on the early surface films formed on Mg-Y molten alloy in different atmospheres

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2015年第3期3卷 173-179页

作者： A.R.Mirak C.j.Davidson j.A.Taylor CAST CRC School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia CAST CRC CSIRO Materials Science and EngineeringP.O.Box 883KenmoreQLD 4069Australia

In the present study,the non-isothermal early stages of surface oxidation of liquid Mg-1%Y alloy during casting were studied under UPH argon,dry air,and air mixed with protective fluorine-bearing *** chemistry and morphology of the surface films were characterized by SEM and EDX *** results indicate a layer of smooth and tightly coherent oxidation film composed of MgO and Y_(2)O_(3) formed on the molten Mg-Y alloy surface with 40-60 nm thickness under dry air.A dendritic/cellular microstructure is clearly visible with Y-rich second phases gathered in surface of the melt and precipitated along the grain/cell boundaries under all gas *** fluorine-bearing gas mixtures,the surface film was a mixed oxide and fluoride and more even;a flat and folded morphology can be seen under SF6 with oxide as dominated phase and under 1,1,1,2-tetra-fluoroethane,a smooth and compact surface film uniformly covering the inner surface of the bubble with equal oxide and fluoride thickness,which results in a film without any major ***_(2) phase appears to be the key characteristic of a good protective film.

关键词： Mg-Y alloy SEM EDX Early surface film Oxidation Fluoridation

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Effect of Alloying Additions on the Oxidation of High Speed Steels under Dry and Wet Conditions

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2009年第4期29卷 241-247页

作者： F. C. RIZZO M. j. MONTEIRO S. R. j. SAUNDERS DCMM PUC Rio de Janeiro Brazil Bentley Surrey UK

An investigation has been carried out into the effects of chromium and vanadium content on the oxidation rate and on the adhesion of oxide scales grown on three different chemical compositions of high speed steels under dry and wet *** oxidation tests were carried out in a thermobalance at 650℃for up to 14.4 *** mass gain of the specimens increased with increasing contents of water vapour. Alloy composition had no effect on the oxidation rate in dry ***'adhesion'of the oxide scale was determined using indentation with a Rockwell C diamond and the pull adhesion test to determine the interfacial toughness and the tensile strength of the oxide metal bond,***,the results of the investigation indicated that oxide adhesion was lowest for the specimens exposed to dry conditions, and that with increasing water vapour content,the scale was more *** test results showed that an increase in the V concentration was deleterious to oxide adhesion in both the dry and wet environments,whereas an increase in the Cr-content had little effect on adhesion.

关键词：合金腐蚀氧化金属材料

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Recent developments on Opuntia spp.,their bioactive composition,nutritional values,and health effects

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 46-66页

作者： Davor Daniloski Nathan M.D'Cunha Hollie Speer Andrew j.McKune Natalie Alexopoulos Demosthenes B.Panagiotakos Anka T.Petkoska Nenad Naumovski Victoria University Advanced Food Systems Research UnitInstitute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities and College of Health and BiomedicineMelbourneVictoria8001Australia Teagasc Food Research Centre Food Chemistry and Technology DepartmentMooreparkFermoyP61 C996CorkIreland University of Canberra Faculty of HealthSchool of Rehabilitation and Exercise SciencesBruceAustralian Capital Territory2617Australia University of Canberra Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) LaboratoryNgunnawal CountryBruceAustralian Capital Territory2617Australia University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UC-RISE)BruceAustralian Capital Territory2617Australia University of KwaZulu-Natal Discipline of BiokineticsExercise and Leisure SciencesSchool of Health ScienceDurbanKwaZulu-Natal4000South Africa Chiron Organic Health WedderburnVictoria3518Australia Harokopio University Discipline of Nutrition and DieteticsSchool of Health Science and EducationAthens17676Greece St.Clement of Ohrid University of Bitola Faculty of Technology and Technical SciencesDimitar Vlahov4000VelesNorth Macedonia

Opuntia is a plant that grows in wild,arid,and semi-arid regions,and it is a renowned food source that is presently *** chemical composition and properties of the Opuntia genus have attracted research and commercial interest as its species are rich in phytochemicals,nutrients,and bioactive *** of these constituents have revealed anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-cancer,anti-atherosclerotic,antidiabetic,neurological,and gut protective *** review provides an extensive and up-to-date evidence synthesis of the nutrients in the Opuntia genus,its phytochemical composition,health benefits,the influence of the processing technologies on its bioactive components,and the potential for functional food product *** to its high nutritional value,Opuntia genus has the potential to contribute to improving food security and contribute to the food industry as food additive or ***,Opuntia products can be utilized as food substitutes as part of a well-balanced diet and may potentially have pharmacological *** Opuntia genus is also used as animal feed,a source of nutraceuticals,an addition to edible packaging materials,wastewater treatment,and land rehabilitation in arid *** is a rich source of minerals,essential amino acids,and vitamins,and is high in antioxidants,making it a promising candidate for the management of non-communicable *** potential health-promoting effects of Opuntia consumption remain relatively unexplored,and further research human trials are required to unravel its mechanisms of action.

关键词： Opuntia Functional food Bioactive compounds Non-communicable diseases Health benefits

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New solutions for combatting implant bacterial infection based on silver nano-dispersed and gallium incorporated phosphate bioactive glass sputtered films:A preliminary study

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 325-340页

作者： B.W.Stuart G.E.Stan A.C.Popa M.j.Carrington I.Zgura M.Necsulescu D.M.Grant m.grantadvanced materials research group faculty of engineeringuniversity of nottinghamnottinghamng72rduk national institute of materials physics magurelero077125romania army centre for medical research bucharestro010195romania

Ag/Ga were incorporated into resorbable orthopaedic phosphate bioactive glasses(PBG,containing P,Ca,Mg,Na,and Fe)thin films to demonstrate their potential to limit growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in post-operative prosthetic *** target consecutive co-sputtering was uniquely employed to produce a 46 nm Ag:PBG composite observed by high resolution TEM to consist of uniformly dispersed~5 nm metallic Ag nano-particles in a glass ***^(3+)was integrated into a phosphate glass preform target which was magnetron sputtered to film thicknesses of~400 or 1400 *** coatings exhibited high surface energy of 75.4-77.3 mN/m,attributed to the presence of hydrolytic P-O-P structural surface *** profiles obtained in deionized water,nutrient broth and cell culture medium showed varying ion release profiles,whereby Ga release was measured in 1400 nm coating by ICP-MS to be~6,27,and 4 ppm respectively,fully dissolving by 24 *** of Ag nanoparticles was only observed in nutrient broth(~9 ppm by 24 h).Quantification of colony forming units after 24 h showed encouraging antibacterial efficacy towards both ***(4-log reduction for Ag:PBG and 6-log reduction for Ga-PBG≈1400 nm)and ***(5-log reduction for all physical vapour deposited layers)*** Hs27 fibroblast and mesenchymal stem cell line in vitro tests indicated good cytocompatibility for all sputtered layers,with a marginal cell proliferation inertia in the case of the Ag:PBG composite thin *** study therefore highlights the(i)significant manufacturing development via the controlled inclusion of metallic nanoparticles into a PBG glass matrix by dual consecutive target co-sputtering and(ii)potential of PBG resorbable thin-film structures to incorporate and release cytocompatible/antibacterial *** architectures showed prospective bio-functional performance for a future generation of endo-osseous implant-type coatings.

关键词： Phosphate bioactive glass Silver Gallium Antibacterial Implant coating Magnetron sputtering

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