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Therapeutic potential of neuromodulation for demyelinating diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 214-217页

作者： Elliot H.choi Chioma Nwakalor Nolan j.Brown joonho Lee Michael Y.Oh In Hong Yang Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science Center for Biomedical Engineering and ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry RochesterNYUSA

Neuromodulation represents a cutting edge class of both invasive and non-invasive therapeutic methods which alter the activity of ***,several different techniques have been developed-or are currently being investigated–to treat a wide variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric ***,in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that neuromodulation can also induce myelination,meaning that it could hold potential as a therapy for various demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis and progressive multifocal *** findings come on the heels of a paradigm shift in the view of myelin's role within the nervous system from a static structure to an active co-regulator of central nervous system plasticity and participant in neuron-mediated *** the present review,we highlight several of the recent findings regarding the role of neural activity in altering myelination including several soluble and contact-dependent factors that seem to mediate neural activitydependent *** also highlight several considerations for neuromodulatory techniques,including the need for further research into spatiotemporal precision,dosage,and the safety and efficacy of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation,an emerging neuromodulation *** the field of neuromodulation continues to evolve,it could potentially bring forth methods for the treatment of demyelinating diseases,and as such,further investigation into the mechanisms of neuron-dependent myelination as well as neuro-imaging modalities that can monitor myelination activity is warranted.

关键词： central nervous system deep brain stimulation myelination neural activity oligodendrocyte optogenetic stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

Protein and energy concentrations of meat meal and meat and bone meal fed to pigs based on in vitro assays

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 252-257页

作者： Hyunjun choi Chang Sik Won Beob Gyun Kim Department of Animal Science and Technology Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea

The objective of this study was to develop equations for estimating ileal digestible crude protein(CP)and metabolizable energy(ME)contents of meat meal(MM)and meat and bone meal(MBM)as feed in-gredients for pigs based on in vitro *** ingredients were 4 sources of MM and 3 sources of *** and CP contents of the ingredients ranged from 3.8%to 33.1%and 46.8%to 82.9%(as-is basis),*** vitro ileal disappearance(IVID)of CP was determined and ileal digestible CP content was calculated by multiplying CP content by IVID of *** vitro total tract disappearance(IVTTD)of dry matter(DM)was determined and ME was calculated using gross energy,CP contents,and IVTTD of *** IVID of CP and IVTTD of DM ranged from 77.2%to 88.7%and from 82.7%to 92.4%,*** ileal digestible CP and ME contents ranged from 37.8%to 73.5%DM and 2,405 to 3,905 kcal/kg DM,*** contents were negatively correlated(Pjusted ME(r=-0.97).The most fitting equations for ileal digestible CP and adjusted ME were:ileal digestible CP(%DM)=11.91-0.90×Ash(%DM)+0.74×IVID of CP(%)(R2=0.99)and adjusted ME(kcal/kg DM)=130.85-50.90×ash(%DM)+47.06×IVTTD of DM(%)(R2=0.99).To validate the accuracy of the prediction equations for ME,mean bias and linear bias were determined using a regression *** ME values of MM and MBM were in a good agreement with data obtained from animal ex-periments based on a statistically insignificant bias in the *** conclusion,ME concentrations of MM and MBM as swine feed ingredients can be calculated using ash concentration and in vitro disap-pearance of dry matter.

关键词： Animal offal Energy In vitro disappearance method Protein

Impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2720-2730页

作者： jongmuk Won Yongjoon Choe Yerim Yang Hangseok choi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UlsanDaehak-ro 93Nam-guUlsan680-749South Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringAnam-dong 5-gaKorea UniversitySeoul136-713South Korea

The detached clay particles directly filtrated through the sand-clay mixture lead to suffusion;however,if the detached clay particles are subjected to reattachment,the degree of suffusion may be less *** study investigates the impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures through laboratory soil-column *** observed breakthrough curves(BTCs)of kaolinite,illite,and montmorillonite for 5 different column lengths(3 in,6 in,9 in,12 in,and 18 in;1 in=2.54 cm)indicated that a higher breakthrough concentration was observed as the column length(L)decreased for kaolinite and illite,whereas a reverse trend was observed for *** addition,the increase in the fraction of filtrated clay particles(Me)with an increase in L(Me=10.42%for L=3 in and Me=3.59%for L=18 in)for the sand-illite mixture indicated that the reattachment effect became more significant as the travel length of detached clay particles *** observed BTCs,retention profiles after injection,and fraction of filtrated clay presented herein suggest the need to incorporate the reattachment effect when assessing the suffusion of clay-containing soils.

关键词： Suffusion Reattachment Sandeclay mixture Ionic concentration Column length

Fabrication of ultrafine Nd-Fe-B powder by a modified reduction-diffusion process

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Rare Metals 2006年第z2期25卷 223-226页

作者： jANG T.S. LEE D.H. choi C.j. SEO W.S. LEE Y.H. Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Sunmoon University Korea Powder Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Korea Advanced Materials Analysis & Evaluation Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Korea

In order to obtain ultrafine Nd-Fe-B powder, a spray-dried precursor was treated by reduction-diffusion (R/D) process. And, unlike the conventional R/D process, calcium reduction that is a crucial step for the formation of Nd2Fe14B was performed without conglomerating the precursor with Ca powder. By adopting this modified process, it is possible to synthesize the hard magnetic Nd2Fe14B at the reaction temperature as low as 850 ℃. The average size of Nd2Fe14B particles that are uniformly distributed in the optimally treated powder was <<1 μm. Most Nd2Fe14B particles were enclosed with thin layers of Nd-rich phase. Typical magnetic properties of such powder without eliminating impurity CaO were iHc=～5.9 kOe, Br=～5.5 kG, and (BH)max=～6 MGOe.

关键词： NdFeB powder spray drying reduction-diffusion process Nd2Fe14B magnetic powder

Modeling asymmetric fracture mechanics of Mg alloy wire in drawing process

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2057-2069页

作者： Sunghoon choi jongwon Shin joung Sik Suh Dongchoul Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoul04107Republic of Korea Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

In this study,a numerical analysis was conducted on the ductile fracture of a 2-mm diameter Mg-1Zn-0.5Mn-0.5Sr-0.1Ca alloy wire during *** hexagonally close-packed crystal structure of Mg alloys causes asymmetric fracture behavior,especially in the compression *** aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive damage model for Mg alloy wire that accurately predicts ductile fracture,with a focus on the compression region.A novel experimental method was introduced to measure the ductile fracture of Mg alloy wires under different stress *** wire drawing process was simulated using the Generalized Incremental Stress-State dependent damage(GISSMO)Model and the Semi-Analytical Model for Polymers(SAMP)*** damage model's prediction and the experimental results were found to be in excellent agreement,especially in determining crack *** analysis established a safe zone diagram for die angle and reduction ratio,and experimental validation confirmed the feasibility of this *** proposed damage model can provide a practical and reliable analysis for optimizing the drawing process of Mg alloy wire.

关键词： Mg alloy Wire drawing Finite element method Damage model Safe zone diagram

Optimization of a High Speed Spinning Disk Spindle System for Minimum RRO,NRRO,and Lightweight by Using G.A.

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厦门大学学报(自然科学版) 2002年第S1期41卷 89-90页

作者： Y H choi S T Kim K C Yoon j M Kim Y j Kang Dept.of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Changwon National UniversityKyungnam 641-773Korea Dept.of Mechanical Engineering Changwon National UniversityKyungnam 641-773Korea Senoir Research Engineer R&D Cente FAGHANWHA Bearing Corp.Kyungnam 641-020Korea Graduate Student Dept.of Mechanical Design and ManufacturingChangwon National UniversityKyungnam 6412773Korea

Law level of RRO(Repeatable Run Out),NRRO(Non Repe at able Run Out),and lightweight construction are a major trend in the high-speed HDD(Hard Disk Drive)sytem to reduce track misregestration and to achieve high track density,which lead to succeed in the ***,it is not easy to r educe RRO,NRRO,and the weight of the spinning disk spindle system efficiently because lightweight construction and or bearing stiffness changes often yields a decrease in the static and dynamic stiffness of the system,and consequently hi gh vibrations may be generated as a ***,it is of importance to e valuate in advance the accurate dynamic behavior of the high speed spinning disk spindle system of a HDD *** study introduces an optimum design of the high speed spinning disk spindle system of a HDD for minimum RRO,NRRO,and lightweight construction using a gene tic *** spinning disk,hub,and bearing components of a HDD system ar e modelled as appropriate finite elements respectively and their equations of mo tion are derived to construct the system equations of the whole spinning disk sp indle system of the HDD *** RRO and NRRO responses of the spinning disk,due to exciting forces arised from ball bearing faults and rotating unbalance,are *** the design optimation,the hub thickness,the disk thickness,bearing positio ns(or bearing span)and bearing stiffness were set as design *** uni que objective function is obtained by multiplying an appropriate weighting facto r by multi-objective functions,such as RRO,NRRO,and the total weight of HDD the *** constraints are maximum RRO limit,maximum weight linit,and the critical speed limit of the HDD spindle *** show that the RRO,NRRO,and weight are reduced by 6%,66.7%and 28%r espectively compared with the initial design of the HDD ***,thi s present study can be used for an optimum design of the spinning disk spindle s ystem of a HDD for lightweight construction

关键词： design optimization genetic algorithm multiobjective optimization repeatable run out non repeatable run out

100 W-class green hydrogen production from ammonia at a dual-layer electrode containing a Pt-Ir catalyst for an alkaline electrolytic process

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 352-360,I0009页

作者： Donghyun Yoon Sunki Chung Minjun choi Eunhyeok Yang jaeyoung Lee School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju 61005Republic of Korea International Future Research Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion Processes GISTGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis GISTGwangju 61005Republic of Korea TKG Huchems Co.Ltd 963Sangam-roYeosu-siJeollanam-do 59614Republic of Korea

Ammonia allows storage and transport of hydrogen over long distances and is an attractive potential hydrogen *** decomposition has recently been used for the conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and is regarded as a future technology for production of CO_(2)-free pure ***,a heterostructural Pt-Ir dual-layer electrode is developed and shown to achieve successful long-term operation in an ammonia electrolyzer with an anion exchange membrane(AEM).This electrolyzer consisted of eight membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)with a total geometric area of 200 cm~2 on the anode side,which resulted in a hydrogen production rate of 25 L h~(-1).We observed the degradation in MEA performance attributed to changes in the anode catalyst layer during hydrogen production via ammonia ***,we demonstrated the relationship between the ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).

关键词： Ammonia oxidation Dual-layer catalyst Green hydrogen Electrolytic process Oxygen evolution reaction

Optimizing the thickness of Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer to limit the oxidization of Ta ohmic interface and ZrO_(2) switching layer for multilevel data storage

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 98-107页

作者： Muhammad Ismail Haider Abbas Chandreswar Mahata Changhwan choi Sungjun Kim Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

The multilevel storage capability of nonvolatile resistive random access memory(ReRAM)is greatly de-sired to accomplish high functioning memory *** this study,Ta_(2)O_(5) thin film with different thick-nesses(2,4,and 6 nm)was exploited as an appropriate interfacial barrier layer for limiting the formation of the interfacial layer between the 10 nm thick sputtering deposited resistive switching(RS)layer and Ta ohmic electrode to improve the switching cycle endurance and *** show that lower form-ing voltage,narrow distribution of SET-voltages,good dc switching cycles(10^(3)),high pulse endurance(10^(6) cycles),long retention time(10^(4) s at room temperature and 100℃),and reliable multilevel resis-tance states were obtained at an appropriate thickness of∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer instead of without Ta_(2)O_(5) and with∼4 nm,and∼6 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier layer,ZrO_(2)-based memristive ***,multilevel resistance states have been scientifically investigated via modulating the compliance current(CC)and RESET-stop voltages,which displays that all of the resistance states were distinct and stayed stable without any considerable deprivation over 10^(4) s retention time and 104 pulse endurance *** I-V characteristics of RESET-stop voltage(from−1.7 to−2.3 V)of HRS are found to be a good linear fit with the Schottky *** can be seen that Schottky barrier height rises by increasing the stop-voltage during RESET-operation,resulting in enhancing the data storage memory window(on/offratio).Moreover,RESET-voltage and CC control of HRS and LRS revealed the physical origin of the RS mecha-nism,which entails the formation and rupture of conducting *** is thoroughly investigated that proper optimization of the barrier layer at the ohmic interface and the switching layer is essential in memristive *** results demonstrate that the ZrO_(2)-based memristive device with an optimized∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier

关键词： Resistive switching Ta_(2)O_(5)/ZrO_(2)bilayer film Barrier layer thickness Multilevel resistance states RESET-stop voltage

Vasorelaxant effects of 50 commonly used traditional herbal prescriptions on isolated rat aortic rings

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journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第4期40卷 629-639页

作者： Bumjung Kim Cheolmin jo Somin Lee Hanna choi Kwang-Woo Kim Inhye Ham Ho-Young choi Kyungjin Lee Department of Oriental Health Management Kyung Hee Cyber UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Herbal pharmacology College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Herbal pharmacology Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Science and Technology Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea

OBjECTIVE:To investigate the vasorelaxant activities of 50 common traditional herbal prescriptions(THPs)on isolated rat aortic ***:An electric extractor was used to extract *** aortic rings were precontracted using phenylephrine in organ chambers containing Krebs-Henseleit *** of THPs were added in increasing concentrations(10-1000μg/mL)to investigate vasorelaxant *** vasorelaxant effects of THPs were calculated as percentage of contraction in response to ***:Several THPs such as Tianwangbuxin Dan,Banxiaxiexin Tang,and Mahuang Tang,significantly relaxed precontracted aortic *** contrast,Xiaochaihu Tang,Shensuyin,and Guizhifuling Wan significantly contracted aortic ***,these THPs increasingly relaxed or contracted aortic rings relaxed by ***:Our findings suggest that hypertension can be treated using *** some THPs can counteract treatment of *** studies should be developed on use of THPs for treatment of hypertension are critical,and guidelines for use of traditional herbal medicines to treat hypertension.

关键词： Hypertension Vasodilation Vasoconstriction Herbal medicine