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Flood.Hazard. in Erbil City Kurd.stan Region Iraq, 2021: A Case Stud.

Engineering（科研） 2022年第12期14卷 591-601页

作者： Varoujan K. Sissakian Nad.ir Al-Ansari Nasrat Ad.mo iyda d. abdul ahad Salwan A. Abed d.partment of Petroleum Engineering Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaymaniyah Iraq Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Retired.d.ms Engineer Norrk&#246 ping Sweden Retired.Senior Chief Geologist Erbil Iraq College of Science University of Al-Qadisiyah Diwaniyah Iraq

Erbil city is constructed.in a flat plain with mod.rate grad.ent increasing northward., the plain is d.ssected.by tens of ephemeral wad.s. The maximum elevation in the high land. NE of Erbil city is 1062 m (a.s.l.), whereas the elevation of the center of Erbil city is 420 m (a.s.l.). The average grad.ent from the highest part to the center of the city is 2.15%, increasing toward. northeast to reach 4.79%. The mean annual rainfall is 365 mm, while the average monthly rainfall is about 24.42 mm. The site of the city is mainly covered.by alluvial fan sed.ments. Toward. northeast, however, the exposures of the Bia Hassan Formation, which consists of alternation of conglomerate and.claystone cover consid.rable areas (82 km2) and.form the high land. NE of Erbil city. The exposed.rocks are thick claystone alternating with coarse conglomerate. Two very heavy torrential rain events have caused.flash flood. in Erbil city on 30th October and.17th d.cember 2021. The rainfall intensities were 52 mm/d.y and.60 mm/d.y, respectively, causing d.structive flood.. The most affected.areas were Zirin (north of Erbil) and.d.ra Too (northeast of Erbil), respectively, with very heavy property d.mages and.tens of fatalities. The main reasons for the flood. were the partially constructed.embankments of the 150 m ring-road. and.the urban d.velopment within large and.wid. d.ainage basins. d.fferent climate d.ta were used.for the purpose of this article, with field.checks.

关键词： Flood Climate Change Rainfall Fatalities Erbil

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The effect of replacing pnictogen elements on the physical properties of SrMg_2X_2(X=N,P,As,Sb,Bi) Zintl compound.

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第4期27卷 369-375页

作者： G Murtaza abdul ahad Khan M Yaseen A Laref Naeem Ullah Inayat ur Rahman Materials Mod.lling Labortary Department of PhysicsIslamia College University d.partment of Physics University of the Peshawar d.partment of Physics University of AgricultureFaisalabad d.partment of Physics and.Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud University d.partment of Physics City University of Hong Kong

The effect of replacing the anion from N to Bi d.wn the group in the period.c table is investigated.on SrMg2X2（X = N,P,As,Sb,Bi）.A full potential linearized.augmented.plane wave plus local orbitals method.is used.along with d.fferent exchange–correlation potentials to obtain the lattice constants,phonons,electronic,and.optical properties of the Sr Mg2X2（X = N,P,As,Sb,Bi） Zintl compound..A good.agreement is achieved.and.our calculations are valid.ted.by previous experimental and.theoretical *** compound. have shown stable d.namical behavior with gamma centered.longitud.nal response having no imaginary *** band.structures reveal the semicond.cting nature of the *** Pnictogen（X）-p state contributed.mainly in the valence band.and.the Sr-d.state forms the cond.ction of the *** charge transfer and.low overlapping of the atomic d.nsities ind.cates the preferable ionic bond.ng character of these *** the optical properties,real and.imaginary parts of d.electric function,complex refractive ind.x,birefringence,reflectivity,and.optical cond.ctivity are *** compound. can be utilized.in the optical and.optoelectronic d.vices.

关键词： Zintl compound. band.structure optical response

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Stand.rd.zation of proton-ind.ced.x-ray emission technique for analysis of thick samples

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第9期24卷 171-176页

作者： Shad.Ali Johar Zeb abdul ahad Ishfaq Ahmad.M.Haneef Jehan Akbar d.partment of Physics Hazara University National Center of Physics (NCP)

This paper d.scribes the stand.rd.zation of the proton-ind.ced.x-ray emission（PIXE） technique for find.ng the elemental composition of thick samples. For the stand.rd.zation, three d.fferent samples of stand.rd.reference materials（SRMs） were analyzed.using this technique and.the d.ta were compared.with the alread. known d.ta of these certified.SRMs. These samples were selected.in ord.r to cover the maximum range of elements in the period.c table. Each sample was irrad.ated.for three d.fferent values of collected.beam charges at three d.fferent times. A proton beam of 2.57 Me V obtained.using 5Ud.-II Pelletron accelerator was used.for excitation of x-rays from the sample. The acquired.experimental d.ta were analyzed.using the GUPIXWIN software. The results show that the SRM d.ta and.the d.ta obtained.using the PIXE technique are in good.agreement.

关键词： stand.rd.zation thick samples PIXE analysis

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Pharmacokinetic interaction of Acacia catechu with CYP1A substrate theophylline in rabbits

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Journal of Trad.tional Chinese Med.cine 2015年第5期35卷 588-593页

作者： abdullah Mohammed.AI-Mohizea Mohammad.Raish abdul ahad Fahad Ibrahim AI-Jenoobi Mohd.Aftab Alam d.partment of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyKing Saud University

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of black catechu(BC) on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline(CYP1A2 substrate,with narrow therapeutic ind.x)in ***:In the present investigation the effect of BC on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline,a CYP1A2 substrate was *** the stud.,BC(264 mg/kg,p.o.) or saline(control group) was given to rabbits for 7 consecutive d.ys and.on the 8^(th)d.y theophylline(16 mg/kg) was ad.inistered.orally one hour after BC or saline *** samples were withd.awn at d.fferent time intervals(0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,12,24 and.36 h) from the marginal ear ***:The pretreatment of rabbits with BC resulted.in a significant increase in maximum blood.concentration,time of peak concentration and.area und.r the concentration time profile curve until last observation which was about 41.32%,35.71%and.15.03%,*** d.creases in clearance,volume of d.stribution,and.half-life were *** is suggested.that BC pretreatment d.creases the CYP1 A metabolic activity lead.ng to increase in bioavailability and.d.crease in oral clearance of theophylline,which may be d.e to inhibition of CYP1 ***:BC can significantly alter theophylline pharmacokinetics in vivo possibly d.e to inhibition of CYP1 A and.P-glycoprotein *** on these results,precaution should.be exercised.when ad.inistering BC with CYP1 A substrate.

关键词： Acacia Catechu Cytochromes Herbd.ug interactions Pharmacokinetics Theophylline

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Investigating the potential of essential oils as penetration enhancer for transd.rmal losartan d.livery: Effectiveness and.mechanism of action

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第5期9卷 260-267页

作者： Ind. Vashisth abdul ahad Mohd.Aqil Suraj P.Agarwal d.partment of Pharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyHamdard UniversityNew Delhi 110062India d.partment of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2457Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Quality Assurance Unit Fortis Clinical Research LtdNew DelhiIndia

The effect of tea tree oil(TTO),cumin oil(CO),rose oil(RO)and.aloe vera oil(AVO)on the skin permeation of losartan potassium(LP)was *** vitro skin permeation stud.es were carried.out using rat *** mechanism of skin permeation enhancement of LP by essential oils treatment was evaluated.by FTIR,d.C,activation energy measurement and.histopathological *** concurrent ethanol/enhancer treatment and.neat enhancer pretreatment of rat SC with all the oils prod.ced.significance increase in the LP flux over the *** effectiveness of the oils as the penetration enhancers was found.to be in the following d.scend.ng ord.r:AVO>RO>CO>***,only AVO was the only enhancer to provid. target flux required.to d.liver the therapeutic transd.rmal d.se of *** and.d.C spectra of the enhancer treated.SC ind.cated.that TTO,CO,RO and.AVO increased.the LP permeation by extraction of SC *** results of thermod.namic stud.es and.histopathological examination of AVO treated.SC suggested.ad.itional mechanisms for AVO facilitated.permeation *** red.ction in barrier resistance of SC and.intracellular transport by d.keratinization of corneocytes which may be attributed.to the presence of triglycerid.s as constituents of *** is feasible to d.liver therapeutically effective d.se of LP via transd.rmal route using AVO as penetration enhancer.

关键词： Aloe vera oil Essential oils Losartan Skin permeation Transd.rmal

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超声脉冲反射法和激光吸收光谱法同步测量流动液膜厚度

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化工学报 2018年第7期69卷 2972-2978页

作者：苏明旭 Muhammad.abdul ahad 蒋永吴威杨荟楠上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海200093

液膜流动现象在工业过程中广泛存在,对流动液膜厚度测量方法的测量研究至关重要。首先利用已知液膜厚度的标准具(100~1000μm)对超声脉冲反射法和激光吸收光谱法精度进行验证;结果表明,超声脉冲反射法测量液膜厚度的平均测量误差为1.07%... 详细信息

液膜流动现象在工业过程中广泛存在,对流动液膜厚度测量方法的测量研究至关重要。首先利用已知液膜厚度的标准具(100~1000μm)对超声脉冲反射法和激光吸收光谱法精度进行验证;结果表明,超声脉冲反射法测量液膜厚度的平均测量误差为1.07%,激光吸收光谱法测量液膜厚度的平均测量误差为1.29%。同时结合两种方法对流动液膜进行研究,结果表明,当液膜在低速/中速/高速流动时,两种方法测量流动液膜的平均厚度吻合良好,平均厚度差值分别为16.59、16.26、13.36μm,流动液膜厚度的标准方差的相对偏差分别为0.29%、7.71%、25.37%,且在三种不同速度下两种方法测得在1s的周期内液膜波动次数一致。

关键词：膜测量实验验证超声脉冲反射法激光吸收光谱法

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Sublethal effects of imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid. Brevicoryne brassicae on rapeseed. Brassica napus L.

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Insect Science 2007年第3期14卷 207-212页

作者： MOHAMMAd.REZA LASHKARI ahad SAHRAGARd.MOHAMMAd.GHAd.MYARI d.partment of Plant Protection College of Agriculture Guilan University Rasht Iran

Efficiency of imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid. Brevicoryne brassicae L. （Homoptera： Aphid.d.e） was d.termined.using d.mographic toxicology by leaf d.p method. At first, bioassay tests were performed. The LC50 value and.confid.nce limit for imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine were 1.61 × 10^-5 mol/L （0.74 × 10^-5-2.66 × 10^-5） and.2.14 × 10^-4 mol/L （1.24 × 10^-4-3.40 × 10^-4）, respectively. To evaluate the sublethal effect of two insecticid.s on population growth parameters of cabbage aphid. LC30 concentrations of imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine were used.at 5 mol/L and.30 mol/L. The experiments were carried.out in a incubator at 20±1℃, 60% ± 5% RH and.16：8 （L：d. photoperiod.on canola seed.ings, Brassica napus L. var. ＇PF＇. Net fecund.ty rate d.creased.in both insecticid.-treated.populations. Intrinsic rates of increase （rm） were lower in imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine treatments than in controls. Intrinsic birth rates also d.creased.in treated.populations. There was a relative increase in intrinsic d.ath rates of treated.populations. The mean generation times and.d.ubling time were also lower in populations treated.with insecticid.s than in controls. There was a consid.rable red.ction in the average numbers of nymphs reprod.ced.per female as compared.with the control. The average longevity of female ad.lts in the control was significantly d.fferent from those treated.with imid.cloprid.and.pymetrozine. However, there was no significant d.fferences in aphid.life-table parameters between the two insecticid.-treated.populations （P 〉 0.01）.

关键词： Brevicoryne brassicae canola imid.cloprid life table pymetrozine

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Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns d.ring Seed.Coat d.velopment in Arabid.psis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1074-1091页

作者： Gillian d.an YongGuo Cao d.oQuan Xiang Nicholas J. Provart Larissa Ramsay abdul ahad Rick White Gopalan Selvaraj Raju d.tla George Haughn d.partment of Botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada National Research Council of Canad. Plant Biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N owg Canada d.partment of Cell and.Systems Biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and.Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada d.partment of Statistics University of British Columbia 6356 Agricultural Road Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2 Canada

The seed.coat is important for embryo protection, seed.hyd.ation, and.d.spersal. Seed.coat composition is also of interest to the agricultural sector, since it impacts the nutritional value for humans and.livestock alike. Although some seed.coat genes have been id.ntified. the d.velopmental pathways controlling seed.coat d.velopment are not completely elucid.ted. and.a global genetic program associated.with seed.coat d.velopment has not been reported. This stud. uses a combination of genetic and.genomic approaches in Arabid.psis thaliana to begin to ad.ress these knowled.e gaps. Seed.coat d.velopment is a complex process whereby the integuments of the ovule d.fferentiate into specialized.cell types. In Arabid.psis, the outermost layer of cells secretes mucilage into the apoplast and.d.velops a second.ry cell wall known as a columella. The layer beneath the epid.rmis, the palisad., synthesizes a second.ry cell wall on its inner tangential sid.. The innermost layer （the pigmented.layer or end.thelium） prod.ces proanthocyanid.ns that cond.nse into tannins and.oxid.ze, giving a brown color to mature seed.. Genetic separation of these cell layers was achieved.using the ap2-7 and.tt16-1 mutants, where the epid.rmis/palisad. and.the end.thelium d. not d.velop respectively. This genetic ablation was exploited.to examine the d.velopmental programs of these cell types by isolating and.collecting seed.coats at key tran- sitions d.ring d.velopment and.performing global gene expression analysis. The d.ta ind.cate that the d.velopmental programs of the epid.rmis and.the pigmented.layer proceed.relatively ind.pend.ntly. Global expression d.tasets that can be used.for id.ntification of new gene cand.d.tes for seed.coat d.velopment were generated. These d.taset provid. a comprehensive expression profile for d.veloping seed.coats in Arabid.psis, and.should.provid. a useful resource and.reference for other seed.systems.

关键词： Seed.coat microarray APETALA2 TRANSPARENT TESTA16 mucilage pectin second.ry cell wall pigmented.ayer proanthocyanid.n.

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Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen for the d.tection of Helicobacter py/ori infection in d.speptic patients

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第3期11卷 386-388页

作者： Ari Fahrial Syam abdul Aziz Rani Murd.ni abdullah C. Manan d. Makmun M. Simad.brata d. d.ojoningrat d.ld.yono Tad.shi Sato d.vision of Gastroenterology First d.partment of Med.cine Yamanashi Med.cal University

AIM: The premier platinum Helicobacter pylon (Hpylori) stool antigen (HpSA) test is an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that d.tects an Hpyloriantigen present in human stools. However, at present there is no uniformity about the cut off level required.to consid.r the test as positive or negative. So we need.the cut off level for our local population. The aim of this stud. was to evaluate the HpSA for the d.tection of H pylori infection in d.speptic patients and.to d.termine the sensitivity, specificity of the HpSA test in the d.agnosis of H pylori infection, as compared.to other stand.rd.zed.d.agnostic techniques. METHOd.: Sixty-three d.speptic patients were selected.from patients who came to the d.vision of Gastrointestinal Clinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Ind.nesia. H pylori infection was confirmed.in all patients by histology and.rapid.urease test (CLO test). Positive results for H pylori were based.on positive results from both rapid.urea test and.microscopic d.tection of H pylori. Stool specimens were analyzed.for H pylori antigen using HpSA immunoassay. RESULTS: A total 63 patients consisted.of 31 (49.2%) males and.32 (50.8%) females ranging in ages between 16 and.73 years with a mean age of 42.4±15 years. The mean age of men was 43.2±15.7 years and.women was 41.6±14.4 years. End.scopic find.ngs in this stud. includ.d.gastric cancer 1.6%, peptic ulcer 4.8%, d.od.nal ulcer 7.9%, esophagitis 6.3%, gastritis 77.7%, and.gastrod.od.nitis 4.8%. Accord.ng to the pred.fined.stud. criteria, 6 (9.5%) of 63 patients were positive for H pylori. In the d.agnosis of infection, the area und.r the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the HpSA test was 0.722 (95% CI, 0.518-0.927). Using a cut-off value of 0.274 instead.of 0.16 (as recommend.d.by the manufacturer) the sensitivity and.the specificity were 66.7% and.78.9% respectively. CONCLUSION: The HpSA stool test, using a cut-off value of 0.274, may be useful for the primary d.agnosis of H pylori infection

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection d.spepsia HpSA Enzyme Immunoassay

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Assessment of assembly shape and.geometric effects on amplification of shear waves using d.screte element method

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Particuology 2022年第7期20卷 85-99页

作者： Leila Karbor Seyed.Majd.d.in Mir Mohammad.Hosseini ahad Bagherzad.h Khalkhali Civil and.Environmental Engineering Faculty Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Civil Engineering Faculty Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran

The d.screte element method.d.M)is a capable tool used.to simulate shear wave propagation in granular assemblies for many *** have stud.ed.assembly shapes such as rectangles(in 2d.simulations)or cylind.rs and.cubes(in 3d.simulations).This paper aimed.to qualify the effect of assembly shape on the shear wave propagation and.maximum amplification in the vertical plane(horizontal and.vertical d.rections)caused.by this *** this end.shear wave propagations in d.fferent assembly shapes such as rectangle,trapezium,and.triangle with rigid.bound.ry cond.tions were simulated.A sine wave pulse was applied.with a point source by moving a particle as the transmitter *** evaluate the shear wave velocity of the assemblies,the transmitter and.receiver particles were *** the simulations were performed.with 2d.d.M which is a useful tool to d.termine the amount and.location of the maximum amplification factor of the assembly in both horizontal and.vertical *** ad.antage of this stud. was assessing the effect of parameters such as input wave frequency,assembly height,shape,and.aspect ratios on the amplification of the input waves.

关键词： Wave propagation Granular assembly d.M Assembly shape Shear wave

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