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Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary c.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.Loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee ivan c.c.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(cREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive function.While heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and function.Methods:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,respectively.In a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling strategy.Data were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging techniques.Results:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive hyperthermia.Executive function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital cortex.conversely,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural perturbations.conclusion:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Witness for resolution: post-conflict quadratic affiliation in semi-free ranging pigs

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current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 233-243页

作者： ivan Norscia Edoardo collarini carlo Robino Elena chierto Giada cordoni Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of TorinoVia Accademia Albertina 1310123 TorinoItaly Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatric s University of TorinoC.So Galileo Galilei 2210126 TorinoItaly

In social mammals,post-conflict resolution can involve the reunion of former opponents(reconciliation),spontaneous/solicited post-conflict affliation of a third party with either opponent(triadic contacts),and affiliation between other individuals(hereafter bystanders;quadratic contacts).Quadratic contacts-possibly informing complex cognitive abilities-have been neglected in post-conflict studies.We investi-gated quadratic affliation in semi-free ranging pigs Sus scrofa,at the ethical farm Parva-Domus(cavagnolo,Italy).Kinship was known.We collected behavioral data on adult pigs(n=104)via video recordings(43 h)followed by video analyses.Affiliative and anxiety behaviors between bystanders were collected under post-conflict(Pc;following a conflict between non-bystanders)and matched-control(Mc;no conflict)conditions.Quadratic affiliation was present in pigs,as bystanders affliated more in Pc than Mc,and such affiliation was followed by a decrease in the anxiety behaviors of both the interacting bystanders.Thus,quadratic contacts may be partly aimed at reducing one's own anxiety(intrinsic regulation).Quadratic affiliation was highest between closely related bystanders,which suggests that such affiliation may be most effective when close kin is involved.Quadratic affiliation was lowest after reconciliation and spontaneous triadic contacts.This suggests that direct peacemaking between opponents and spontaneous triadic contacts with close kin may most likely replace quadratic affiliation.Hence,pigs can be influenced by the negative events that affect other pigs-but not themselves-and their response may be modulated by social factors.Such non-random quadratic affiliation may point toward the presence of elements of social appraisal abilities inpigs.

关键词： anxiety reduction emotional regulation reconciliation social appraisal triadic contacts.

Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： Alexander A Fokin Joanna Wycech Knight Madison E Tharp Kyler c Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher Justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz ivan Puente Trauma and critical care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and critical care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BAcKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy trauma.Increase of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the management.Abdominal organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic bones.Presence of contrast blush(cB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is debatable.AIM To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast blush.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GcS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and mortality.The study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without cB and abdominal co-injuries.Propensity score matching was implemented in comparison groups.RESULTS PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had cB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal co-injuries.Geriatric patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GcS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar cB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher mortality.After propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pc patients.Out of 89 patients with cB,45(51%)were embolized.After propensity matching,patients with cB compared to without cB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,Pcom

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries contrast blush contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma External and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

Growth differentiation factor-15 serum concentrations reflect disease severity and anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1899-1910页

作者： Ante Tonkic Marko Kumric Ivna Akrapovic Olic Doris Rusic Piero Marin Zivkovic Daniela Supe Domic Zeljko Sundov ivan Males Josko Bozic Biology of Neoplasms University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Pathophysiology University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Pharmacy University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Health Studies University of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Internal Medicine University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia Department of Surgery University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia

BAcKGROUND Population of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is burdened by various extraintestinal manifestations which substantially contribute to greater morbidity and mortality.Growth-differentiation factor-15(GDF-15)is often overexpressed under stress conditions,such as inflammation,malignancies,heart failure,myocardial ischemia,and many others.AIM To explore the association between GDF-15 and IBD as serum concentrations of GDF-15 were shown to be an independent predictor of poor outcomes in multiple diseases.An additional aim was to determine possible associations between GDF-15 and multiple clinical,anthropometric and laboratory parameters in patients with IBD.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 90 adult patients diagnosed with IBD,encompassing both crohn’s disease(cD)and ulcerative colitis(Uc),and 67 healthy age-and sex-matched controls.All patients underwent an extensive workup,including colonoscopy with subsequent histopathological analysis.Disease activity was assessed by two independent gastroenterology consultants specialized in IBD,employing well-established clinical and endoscopic scoring systems.GDF-15 serum concentrations were determined following an overnight fasting,using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.RESULTS In patients with IBD,serum GDF-15 concentrations were significantly higher in comparison to the healthy controls[800(512-1154)pg/mL vs 412(407-424)pg/mL,Pce in GDF-15 was found between patients with cD and Uc[807(554-1451)pg/mL vs 790(509-956)pg/mL,P=0.324].Moreover,multiple linear regression analysis showed that GDF-15 levels predict cD and Uc severity independent of age,sex,and c-reactive protein levels(P=0.016 and P=0.049,respectively).Finally,an association between GDF-15 and indices of anemia was established.Specifically,negative correlations were found between GDF-15 and serum iron levels(r=-0.248,P=0.021),as well as GDF-15 and hemoglobin(r=-0.351,P=0.021).Accordingly,in comparison to IBD patients with normal hemoglobin levels,GDF-15

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Growth-differentiation factor-15 Anemia Extraintestinal manifestations

Effects of SARS-coV-2 infection on incidence and treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma in people with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 211-228页

作者： Lung-Yi Mak Matthew Shing Hin chung Xue Li Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai Eric Yuk Fai Wan celine Sze Ling chui Franco Wing Tak cheng Esther Wai Yin chan ching Lung cheung ivan chi Ho Au Xi Xiong Wai-Kay Seto Man-Fung Yuen carlos King Ho Wong Ian chi Kei Wong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongChina Department of Family Medicine and Primary care The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Nursing The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Department of Practice and Policy University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Aston School of Pharmacy Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUND chronic liver disease(cLD)was associated with adverse clinical outcomes among people with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)infection.AIM To determine the effects of SARS-coV-2 infection on the incidence and treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)among patients with cLD.METHODS A retrospective,territory-wide cohort of cLD patients was identified from an electronic health database in Hong Kong.Patients with confirmed SARS-coV-2 infection[coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)+cLD]between January 1,2020 and October 25,2022 were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity-score with those without(cOVID-19-cLD).Each patient was followed up until death,outcome event,or November 15,2022.Primary outcome was incidence of Hcc.Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality,adverse hepatic outcomes,and different treatment strategies to Hcc(curative,non-curative treatment,and palliative care).Analyses were further stratified by acute(within 20 d)and post-acute(21 d or beyond)phases of SARS-coV-2 infection.Incidence rate ratios(IRRs)were estimated by Poisson regression models.RESULTS Of 193589 cLD patients(>95%non-cirrhotic)in the cohort,55163 patients with cOVID-19+cLD and 55163 patients with cOVID-19-cLD were included after 1:1 propensity-score matching.Upon 249-d median follow-up,cOVID-19+cLD was not associated with increased risk of incident Hcc(IRR:1.19,95%cI:0.99-1.42,P=0.06),but higher risks of receiving palliative care for Hcc(IRR:1.60,95%cI:1.46-1.75,Pcompared to cOVID-19-cLD.In both acute and post-acute phases of infection,cOVID-19+cLD were associated with increased risks of allcause mortality(acute:IRR:7.06,95%cI:5.78-8.63,Pcute:IRR:1.24,95%cI:1.14-1.36,Pc outcomes(acute:IRR:1.98,95%cI:1.79-2.18,Pcute:IRR:1.24,95%cI:1.13-1.35,Pcompared to cOVID-19-cLD.cONcLUSION Although cLD patients with SARS-coV-2 infection were not associated with increased risk of Hcc,they were more likely to receive palliative treatment

关键词： SARS-coV-2 infection chronic liver disease Long cOVID Post-cOVID-19 syndrome cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

Author correction: ITO-free silicon-integrated perovskite electrochemical cell for light-emission and light-detection

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第3期7卷 50-50页

作者： Maria Baeva Dmitry Gets Artem Polushkin Aleksandr Vorobyov Aleksandr Goltaev Vladimir Neplokh Alexey Mozharov Dmitry VKrasnikov Albert GNasibulin ivan Mukhin Sergey Makarov Alferov University Khlopina 8/3St.Petersburg 194021Russia Department of Physics and Engineering ITMO UniversityLomonosova 9St.Petersburg 197101Russia Institute of Automation and control Processes(IAcP) Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesUlitsa Radio 5Vladivostok 690041Primorsky KraiRussia Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Polytechnicheskaya 29St.Petersburg 195251Russia Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Nobel 3Moscow 121205Russia Qingdao Innovation and Development center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao 266000China.

correction to:Opto-Electronic Advances https://***/10.29026/oea.2023.220154 published online 26 April 2023 After the publication of this article1,it was brought to our attention that calculations of the PeLEc device elec-troluminescent(EL)efficiency contained a mistake,leading to an inaccurate quantity value.The device’s maxim-um EL efficiency constitutes not‘~120 klm/W’but‘4.3 lm/W’instead.correction details are listed below.

关键词： value. perovskite listed

Malignant insulinoma:can we predict the long-term outcomes?

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World Journal of clinical cases 2022年第16期10卷 5124-5132页

作者： Maja cigrovski Berkovic Monika Ulamec Sonja Marinovic ivan Balen Anna Mrzljak Department of Endocrinology DiabetesMetabolism and Clinical PharmacologyClinical Hospital DubravaZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Kinesiological Anthropology and Methodology Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Pathology and cytology“Ljudevit Jurak” University Hospital Center“Sestre milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers and Department of Pathology School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Laboratory for Personalized Medicine Division of Molecular MedicineRudjer Boskovic InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology General Hospital“Dr.Josip Bencevic”Slavonski Brod 35000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UHC ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Insulinomas are the most frequent type of functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with a variety of neuroglycopenic and autonomic symptoms and welldefined diagnostic criteria;however,prediction of their clinical behavior and early differentiation between benign and malignant lesions remain a challenge.The comparative studies between benign and malignant cases are limited,suggesting that short clinical history,early hypoglycemia during fasting,high proinsulin,insulin,and c-peptide concentrations raise suspicion of malignancy.Indeed,malignant tumors are larger with higher mitotic count and Ki-67 proliferative activity,but there are no accurate histological criteria to distinguish benign from malignant forms.Several signaling pathways have been suggested to affect the pathophysiology and behavior of insulinomas;however,our knowledge is limited,urging a further understanding of molecular genetics.Therefore,there is a need for the identification of reliable markers of metastatic disease that could also serve as therapeutic targets in patients with malignant insulinoma.This opinion review reflects on current gaps in diagnostic and clinical aspects related to the malignant behavior of insulinoma.

关键词： Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Malignant insulinoma Resection Liver Transplantation

Optimization of ultrasound procedure for the sustainable production of oil from plum seeds

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carbon Resources conversion 2023年第1期6卷 20-26页

作者： ivana M.Savic Gajic ivan M.Savic Faculty of Technology in Leskovac University of NisBulevar oslobodjenja 12416000 LeskovacSerbia

In this study,the energy-efficient advanced procedure for the production of oil from plum seeds was proposed.The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE)of oil was carried out using the response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design.The microwave pretreatment(MWP)of 460 W for 3 min was also applied to reduce the total extraction time.The extraction time(15-45 min),liquid-to-solid ratio(4-10 mL g􀀀1),and extraction temperature(40-60◦c)were defined as the factors.The oil yield was considered a response in this optimization study.The ultrasonic bath of 150 W and 40 kHz was used for the production of cavitation energy during the extraction.The optimal conditions were the extraction time of 42 min,the liquid-to-solid ratio of 10 mL g􀀀1,and the extraction temperature of 50◦c.Based on quality analysis,it was concluded that the oil obtained by MWP-UAE had adequate physico-chemical properties.The MWP-UAE was an efficient extraction technique in terms of extraction time and energy consumption.

关键词： Plum seeds Oil Microwave pretreatment Optimization Physicochemical properties Energy-efficient

One-Generated Nilpotent Bicommutative Algebras

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Algebra colloquium 2022年第3期29卷 453-474页

作者： ivan Kaygorodov Pilar Páez-Guillán Vasily Voronin centro de Matemática e Aplicacōes Universidade da Beira InteriorCovilhãPortugal Institute of Mathematics and Mathematical ModelingAlmatyKazakhstan University of Santiago de compostela Santiago de CompostelaSpain University of ViennaViennaAustria Novosibirsk State University NovosibirskRussia

We give a classification of 5-and 6-dimensional complex one-generated nilpotent bicommutative algebras.

关键词： bicommutative algebras nilpotent algebras algebraic classification central extension