Malignant insulinoma:Can we predict the long-term outcomes?

作     者：Maja Cigrovski Berkovic Monika Ulamec Sonja Marinovic Ivan Balen Anna Mrzljak 

作者机构：Department of EndocrinologyDiabetesMetabolism and Clinical PharmacologyClinical Hospital DubravaZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Kinesiological Anthropology and MethodologyFaculty of KinesiologyUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Pathology and Cytology“Ljudevit Jurak”University Hospital Center“Sestre milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers and Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Laboratory for Personalized MedicineDivision of Molecular MedicineRudjer Boskovic InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and EndocrinologyGeneral Hospital“Dr.Josip Bencevic”Slavonski Brod 35000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUHC ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 (世界临床病例杂志)

年 卷 期：2022年第10卷第16期

页      面：5124-5132页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Malignant insulinoma Resection Liver Transplantation 

摘      要：Insulinomas are the most frequent type of functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with a variety of neuroglycopenic and autonomic symptoms and welldefined diagnostic criteria;however,prediction of their clinical behavior and early differentiation between benign and malignant lesions remain a *** comparative studies between benign and malignant cases are limited,suggesting that short clinical history,early hypoglycemia during fasting,high proinsulin,insulin,and C-peptide concentrations raise suspicion of ***,malignant tumors are larger with higher mitotic count and Ki-67 proliferative activity,but there are no accurate histological criteria to distinguish benign from malignant *** signaling pathways have been suggested to affect the pathophysiology and behavior of insulinomas;however,our knowledge is limited,urging a further understanding of molecular ***,there is a need for the identification of reliable markers of metastatic disease that could also serve as therapeutic targets in patients with malignant *** opinion review reflects on current gaps in diagnostic and clinical aspects related to the malignant behavior of insulinoma.