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Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 193-194页

作者： masashi Fujitani Abu md mamun Tarif Yoshinori Otani Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityShimaneJapan

The neuromuscular junction(NMJ)is an essential synaptic structure composed of motor neurons,skeletal muscles,and glial cells that orchestrate the critical process of muscle contraction(Li et al.,2018).The typical NMJ structure is classically described as having a“pretzel-like”shape in mice(Figure 1),whereas human NMJs have a smaller,fragmented structure throughout *** NMJs exhibit smaller or fragmented endplates,partial denervation,reduced numbers of synaptic vesicles,abnormal presynaptic mitochondria,and dysfunctional perisynaptic Schwann cells(Alhindi et al.,2022).

关键词： aging structure Figure

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Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable Memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul Karim Ayon Farhan md.Siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable Memory Vision Transformers(LMViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LMViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LMViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LMViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LMViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LMViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LMViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable Memory Vision Transformer(LMViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen ellen Sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

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Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar for highly proficient green hydrogen electrocatalyst at high current density

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 397-408页

作者： md Ahasan Habib Shusen Lin Mehedi Hasan Joni Sumiya Akter Dristy Rutuja mandavkar Jae-Hun Jeong Jihoon Lee Department of Electronic Engineering College of Electronics and Information Kwangwoon University

Advanced OER/HER electrocatalytic alternatives are crucial for the wide adaptation of green hydrogen ***,Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar （SCP）,denoted as Ru/NiMnB,is synthesized using a combination of electro-deposition and hydrothermal *** investigation of Ru doping in the NiMnB matrix revealed significant improvements in electrocatalytic *** Ru/NiMnB SCPs demonstrate superior OER/HER activity with low overpotentials of 150 and 103 mV at 50ma/cm2in 1 M KOH,making them highly competitive with state-of-the-art ***,the Ru/NiMnB SCPs exhibit a low 2-E cell voltage of 2.80 V at ultra-high current density of 2,000 m A/cm2in 1 M KOH,outperforming the standard benchmark electrodes of RuO2||Pt/C,thereby positioning Ru/NiMnB as one of the best bifunctional *** SCPs exhibit exceptional high-current characteristics,stability and corrosion resistance,as evidenced by continuous operation at 1,000 ma/cm2high-current density for over 150 h in 6 M KOH at elevated temperatures under harsh industrial *** a small amount of Ru incorporation significantly enhances the electrocatalytic performances of NiMnB,attributed to increased active sites and improved intrinsic properties such as conductivity,adsorption/desorption capability and reaction ***,Ru/NiMnB SCPs present a promising bi-functional electrode concept for efficient green H2production.

关键词： Potassium hydroxide

Catalytic steam reforming of tar for enhancing hydrogen production from biomass gasification:a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第3期14卷 545-569页

作者： Ru Shien TAN Tuan Amran TUAN ABDULLAH Anwar JOHARI Khairuddin md isa Centre of Hydrogen Energy Institute of Future EnergySchool of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia School of Environmental Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisKompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 302600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Presently,the global search for alternative renewable energy sources is rising due to the depletion of fossil fuel and rising greenhouse gas(GHG)*** alternatives,hydrogen(H2)produced from biomass gasification is considered a green energy sector,due to its environmentally friendly,sustainable,and renewable ***,tar formation along with syngas is a severe impediment to biomass conversion efficiency,which results in process-related ***,tar consists of various hydrocarbons(HCs),which are also sources for ***,catalytic steam reforming is an effective technique to address tar formation and improve H2 production from biomass *** the various classes in existence,supported metal catalysts are considered the most *** paper focuses on the current researching status,prospects,and challenges of steam reforming of gasified biomass ***,it includes recent developments in tar compositional analysis,supported metal catalysts,along with the reactions and process conditions for catalytic steam ***,it discusses alternatives such as dry and autothermal reforming of tar.

关键词： hydrogen biomass gasification tar steam reforming catalyst

Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis and coccidiosis in goats from three selected farms in Terengganu,malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 735-739页

作者： Afzan mat Yusof Muhammad Lokman md isa Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of Allied Health SciencesInternational Islamic University Malaysia Integrated Cellular and Molecular Biology Cluster(iMolec) Integrated Centre for Animal Care and UseInternational Islamic University Malaysia

Objective:To reveal the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis,Trichostrogylus,Haemonchus,Strongyloides and Trichuris and coccidiosis,mainly Eimeria in kids,yearlings and adult ***:A total of 287 goat faecal specimens were randomly collected from three farms in Kuala Terengganu,Setiu and ***:Prevalence of coccidiosis(89.2%) was significantly higher(Pmatodiasis(52.3%).Gastrointestinal nematodes(GINs) were found in37.0% kids,63.5% yearlings and 53.3% *** of GINs revealed the predominance of Strongyloides(45.6%) followed by Trichostrogylus(12.9%),Haemonchus(11.8%) and Trichuris(8.7%) in all groups whereby the adult goats recorded the highest infections of Trichostrogylus(20.5%),Haemonchus(10.6%),Strongyloides(51.5%) in all *** age-specific intensity for Eimeria was in following order:kids(92.6%),adults(86.6%) and yearlings(51.5%) and the difference was not significant(P > 0.05).The concurrent infections between GINs and Eimeria were 67.94% in all *** of Trichostrongylus(17.4%),Haemonchus(15.15%) and Strongyloides(40.4%) with Eimeria had infected most adult *** infections of Trichostrongylus with Eimeria and Trichuris with Eimeria were significantly higher in adults than yearlings and kids(P < 0.05).Conclusions:GINs and Eimeria were widely distributed in the goats leading to higher risk of morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Age Coccidia Goat Nematodes Terengganu

Study on characterization of bio-oil derived from sugarcane bagasse(Saccharum barberi)for application as biofuel

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Clean Energy 2022年第2期6卷 297-304页

作者： Syahirah Faraheen Kabir Ahmad Umi Fazara md Ali Khairuddin md isa Subash CBGopinath Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Chemical Engineering&TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia PerlisArauMalaysia Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization(COEBU) Universiti Malaysia PerlisArauMalaysia

Lignocellulosic biomass especially,sugarcane bagasse Saccharum barberi sp.,appears to be a more suitable material for partial substi-tution of transport fuel(diesel)than Saccharum officinarum sp.,due to its structural similarity to transport fuel(diesel).Besides that,less research has been implemented on this type of ***-oil can be implemented as biodiesel by processing it further using chemical reactions such as hydrodeoxygenation and cracking with zeolite ***,the purpose of this study is to determine the compatibility of pyrolytic bio-oil produced from Saccharum barberi *** comparison with *** *** use as transport fuel(diesel)in automotive *** purpose can be accomplished by comparing the oil’s bio-physiochemical properties for both *** experiment is conducted on a bench-scale on which bio-oil of Saccharum barberi *** secured from the catalytic pyrolysis process at a temperature of 500°C and heating rate of 50°C/min with the addition of ZSM-Zeolite *** analysis of Saccharum barberi *** that cellulose is more reactive than lignin,evidenced by the high percentage of weight loss at tem-peratures ranging from 251°C to 390°*** high contents of carbon(40.7%)and hydrogen(6.50%),as well as slight traces of sulphur(0.08%)and nitrogen(0.85%),in bio-oil(Saccharum barberi sp.)indicate that it is conceivable to be partially used for replacement in biofuel *** physiochemical properties reveal that Saccharum barberi *** more potential than *** *** chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis reveals that bio-oil consists of high amounts of aromatic hydrocarbon(26.2%),phenol(14.8%)and furfural(13.0%)in comparison to *** sp.

关键词： sugarcane bagasse catalytic pyrolysis bio-oil physiochemical characterization biofuel

First molecular identification of Cryptosporidium by 18S rRNA in goats and association with farm management in Terengganu

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 385-388页

作者： Afzan mat Yusof Najat Hashim Muhammad Lokman md isa Department of Basic Medical Sciences Kulliyyah of NursingInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Hospital Campus25100 KuantanPahangMalaysia Integrated Cellular and Molecular Biology Cluster(iMolec) International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of Allied Health SciencesInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia

Objective:To identify the prevalence of Cryptosporidium from goats in three types of farm management systems in Terengganu,malaysia and to determine the Cryptosporidium species infecting goats by using 18 S r ***:A total of 478 fecal samples were randomly collected from goats in three farms;199 samples were collected from intensive farm,179 samples from semi-intensive farm and 100 samples from extensive *** samples were processed by using formolether concentration technique and stained by using modified Ziehl–*** samples were performed by using nested PCR analysis by using 18 S r ***:Out of 478 goats,207(43.3%) were found to be infected with *** reared under the intensive farm management system reported the highest prevalence of infection(49.7%),followed by intensive farm management system(41%) and the lowest prevalence was reported in the goats reared under semi-intensive management system(37.4%).Conclusions:The identified species found in goat was Cryptosporidium *** study on the zoonotic transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum in goats needs to be done in order to find the source of transmission of this parasite.

关键词： Cryptosporidium Goat 18S rRNA gene Nested PCR Terengganu

Ocular syphilis: resurgence of an old disease in modern malaysian society

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第9期11卷 1573-1576页

作者： Mushawiahti Mustapha Zakaria Abdollah Amin Ahem Hazlita Mohd isa mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion Norshamsiah md Din Department of Ophthalmology Pusat Perubatan Universiti

Dear Editor,Syphilis is a spirochaetal bacterial sexually transmitted disease（STD） caused by Treponema pallidum. Outbreaks of syphilis have been described in Western communities, especially in men who have sex with men（MSM） and people infected with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）^（[1]）. Reports of the condition from Asian countries remains limited.

关键词： Ocular syphilis OS OD HIV MSM resurgence of an old disease in modern malaysian society