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The composition and diversity of natural regeneration of tree species in gaps under different intensities of forest disturbance

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1843-1853页

作者： maame Esi Hammond Radek Pokorný Daniel Okae-Anti Augustine Gyedu irene Otwuwa Obeng Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 361300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Soil Science School of AgricultureUniversity of Cape CoastP.M.BCape CoastGhana Forestry Services Division(FSD) P.M.BKumasiGhana 4 Madina-AccraGhana

The positive ecological interaction between gap formation and natural regeneration has been examined but little research has been carried out on the effects of gaps on natural regeneration in forests under different intensities of *** study evaluates the composition,diversity,regeneration density and abundance of natural regeneration of tree species in gaps in undisturbed,intermittently disturbed,and disturbed forest *** Tano Forest Reserve in Ghana was the study area and three gaps each were selected in the three forest site *** circular subsampling areas of 1 m2 were delineated at 2 m spacing along north,south,east,and west transects within individual *** on natural regenerationm height were *** results show that the intensity of disturbance was disproportional to gap *** diversity differed significantly between undisturbed and disturbed sites and,also between intermittently disturbed and disturbed sites for Simpson’s(1-D),Equitability(J),and Berger-Parker(B-P)***,there was no significant difference am.ng forest sites for Shannon diversity(H)and margalef richness(mI)*** species composition on the sites *** density on the disturbed site was significantly higher than on the two other *** abundance and density of shade-dependent species on all sites identified them as opportunistic replacements of gap-dependent *** species giving way to shade tolerant species is a natural process,thus make them worst variant in gap regeneration.

关键词： Disturbed Intermittently disturbed Undisturbed Forest sites Gap regeneration

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Achieving broad-spectrum resistance against rice bacterial blight through targeted promoter editing and pathogen population monitoring

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aBIOTECH 2020年第2期1卷 119-122页

作者： Jiyang Wang Yuese Ning irene N.Gentzel Guo-Liang Wang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Pathology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Plant diseases severely reduce crop yields and threaten global food ***-spectrum resistance(BSR)is a desirable trait because it confers resistance against more than one pathogen species or the majority of races/strains of the same *** control plant diseases,breeders have selected BSR to reduce disease occurrence and prolong the life-span of newly released cultivars in the last several decades(mundt,Phytopathology 108(7):792–802,2018).Although effective,breeding of BSR cultivars in crop plants is still time-consum.ng and technically ***,new gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 have dramatically accelerated the process of plant breeding and provided an approach for rapidly creating new varieties with BSR and other beneficial traits(Borrelli et al.,Front Plant Sci 9:1245,2018).In addition,close surveillance of pathogen populations in the field can provide useful information for the deployment of appropriate resistance genes in the target *** this mini-review,we focus on the significance and application of the exciting results from two recent companion papers published in Nature Biotechnology that provide new strategies to develop crop plants with BSR against pathogens through targeted promoter editing of susceptibility genes in plants as well as pathogen population monitoring.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Broad-spectrum resistance Rice bacterial blight Stacking editing Pathogen population monitoring

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A novel multi-shot target platform for laser-driven laboratory astrophysics experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 11-19页

作者： Pablo Perez-martin irene Prencipe manfred Sobiella Fabian Donat Ning Kang Zhiyu He Huiya Liu Lei Ren Zhiyong Xie Jun Xiong Yan Zhang Florian-Emanuel Brack michalČervenák Pavel Gajdoš Lenka Hronová Kakolee Kaniz michaela Kozlová Florian Kroll Xiayun Pan Gabriel Schaumann Sushil Singh michalŠmíd Francisco Suzuki-Vidal Panzheng Zhang Jinren Sun Jianqiang Zhu miroslav Krůs Katerina Falk Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Radiation PhysicsDresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany Key Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma China Academy of Engineering PhysicsShanghaiChina Institute of Plasma Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Czech Technical University Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringPragueCzech Republic Department of Physics Jagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh ELI-Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Institute for Nuclear Physics Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Blackett Laboratory Imperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom First Light Fusion Oxford Industrial ParkYarntonOxfordUnited Kingdom

A new approach to target development for laboratory astrophysics experiments at high-power laser facilities is *** the dawn of high-power lasers,laboratory astrophysics has emerged as a field,bringing insight into physical processes in astrophysical objects,such as the formation of *** important factor for success in these experiments is *** date,targets have mainly relied on expensive and challenging microfabrication *** design presented incorporates replaceable machined parts that assemble into a structure that defines the experimental *** can make targets cheaper and faster to manufacture,while maintaining robustness and *** platform is intended for experiments on plasma flows,but it is flexible and may be adapted to the constraints of other experimental *** of targets used in experimental campaigns are shown,including a design for insertion in a high magnetic field *** results are included,demonstrating the performance of the targets.

关键词： high magnetic fields laboratory astrophysics laser-plasma interaction magnetized plasmas target design

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粉煤灰地聚合物固封Cr^3＋的FTIR和XPS研究

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光谱学与光谱分析 2008年第1期28卷 67-71页

作者：刘斯凤王培铭李宗津 irene m.-C.Lo 同济大学先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室材料科学与工程学院上海200092 香港科技大学土木系中国香港

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)研究了粉煤灰地聚合物固封Cr3+的机理。含Cr的污泥由人工合成,主要成分是Cr(OH)3。浸出试验采用ICP-AES方法,测试了固封Cr3+前后,粉煤灰地聚合物中Al和Si的浸出量;研究结果表明... 详细信息

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)研究了粉煤灰地聚合物固封Cr3+的机理。含Cr的污泥由人工合成,主要成分是Cr(OH)3。浸出试验采用ICP-AES方法,测试了固封Cr3+前后,粉煤灰地聚合物中Al和Si的浸出量;研究结果表明,掺入含Cr的污泥后,粉煤灰地聚合物中Si和Al元素的浸出量较不掺污泥时减少了,且浸出Si元素减少的幅度比浸出Al元素降低的幅度要大。FTIR结果显示,Cr3+的掺入削弱了粉煤灰地聚合物主峰的强度,增加了Si—O—Si和Al—O—Si的振动波数;XPS测试结果表明,O(1s),Si(2p)和Cr(2p)的结合能都有不同程度的改变,而Al(2p)的结合能几乎没有发生变化;结果揭示Cr3+参与了粉煤灰地聚合物中硅酸结构的聚合,粉煤灰地聚合物固封Cr3+,不仅仅只是物理性的包裹作用,而且主要是化学反应的结果。

关键词：地聚合物粉煤灰固封三价铬 FTIR XPS

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Targeting IKKαkinase to prevent tumor progression and therapy resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 482-490页

作者： Carlota Colomer irene Pecharroman Anna Bigas Lluís Espinosa Cancer Research Program Institut Mar d’Investigacions MèdiquesCIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelona 08003Spain.

Cancer therapy has improved considerably in the last years;however,therapeutic resistance is still a major problem that impedes full response to the treatment and the main cause of patient relapse and *** kinases have been reported to be overactivated in cancer and induce resistance to current *** kinases has proven to be useful for overcom.ng chemotherapy resistance and thus improving patient *** of kappaB kinase alpha(IKKα)is a serine/threonine kinase that was first described as part of the IKK complex in the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway,which regulates several physiological and physiopathological processes such as immunity,inflammation,and ***,the IKKαsubunit has been shown to be dispensable for NF-κB activation and responsible of multiple pro-tumorigenic ***,we identified a nuclear active form of IKKαkinase IKKα(p45)that promotes tumor growth and therapy resistance,independent of canonical NF-κ*** understanding of resistance mechanisms will facilitate drug discovery and provide new effective ***,we review the recent publications on the implications of IKKαin cancer initiation,development,and resistance.

关键词： IKKα cancer therapeutic targets chemoresistance

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maternity & women's health care 8th ed.

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2004年

作者： [edited by] Deitra Leonard Lowdermilk Shannon E. Perry irene m. Bobak.

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Reinforcement of Plastic Waste with Treated Natural Fibers

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Natural Resources 2012年第1期3卷 6-10页

作者： irene S. Fahim Salah m. Elhaggar Department of mechanical Engineering The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

Plastic wastes are a major environmental concern that needs to be dealt with to minimize the amount of municipal solid waste and depletion of natural resources thus enhancing the sustainability concept for future generations. The objective of this study is to enhance the properties of plastic products using plastic wastes reinforced with treated natural fibers such as rice straw as well as carbonized rice straw, using a simple and efficient technology.

关键词： Polymers-matrix Composites (PmCs) Recycled Polymer Natural Fibers Fiber Reinforced Plastic

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Experimental Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymers

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materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 59-66页

作者： irene S. Fahim Salah m. Elhaggar Hatem Elayat 不详

The potential usage of virgin Low density polyethelyne (LDPE) reinforced with different concentrations (2%, 5% and 6% by weight) of treated rice straw with different lengths (2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm) is investigated to produce high value products that have technical and environmental demand. The two treatment methods used for rice straw are alkali and acidic treatments of rice straw. The removal of impurities and waxy substances from fiber surface avoid creation of rougher topography after treatment and improves the quality of fiber, also content of hemi cellulose and lignin decrease so increase effectiveness of fiber due to dispersing of fiber in matrix. The reinforcing material is embedded in the matrix material to enhance tensile and flexural behaviors of the synthesized composite. The result of investigating these two mechanical properties, using statistical analysis & design of experiments, showed an enhancement in the mechaniccal properties of the virgin polymer composite compared to the virgin polymer. The flexural stress of the composite increased three times the virgin flexural stress, while the tensile stress increased eight times the original tensile stress.

关键词： Polymers-matrix Composites (PmCs) Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Natural Fibers Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

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Precision medicine in pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1177-1185页

作者： mónica álvarez-Córdoba marina Villanueva-Paz irene Villalón-García Suleva Povea-Cabello Juan m.Suárez-Rivero marta Talaverón-Rey Javier Abril-Jaramillo Ana Belén Vintimilla-Tosi José A.Sánchez-Alcázar Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo(CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red:Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ Centro de Neurología Avanzada Centro Civet

Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation is a broad term that describes a heterogeneous group of progressive and invalidating neurologic disorders in which iron deposits in certain brain areas,mainly the basal *** predominant clinical symptoms include spasticity,progressive dystonia,Parkinson's disease-like symptoms,neuropsychiatric alterations,and retinal *** the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders,the most frequent subtype is pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration(PKAN) caused by defects in the gene encoding the enzyme pantothenate kinase 2(PANK2)which catalyzed the first reaction of the coenzyme A biosynthesis *** there is no effective treatment to prevent the inexorable course of these *** aim of this review is to open up a discussion on the utility of using cellular models derived from patients as a valuable tool for the development of precision medicine in ***,we have described that dermal fibroblasts obtained from PKAN patients can manifest the main pathological changes of the disease such as intracellular iron accumulation accompanied by large amounts of lipofuscin granules,mitochondrial dysfunction and a pronounced increase of markers of oxidative *** addition,PKAN fibroblasts showed a morphological senescence-like ***,pantothenate supplementation,the substrate of the PANK2 enzyme,corrected all pathophysiological alterations in responder PKAN fibroblasts with low/residual PANK2 enzyme ***,pantothenate treatment had no favourable effect on PKAN fibroblasts harbouring mutations associated with the expression of a truncated/incomplete *** correction of pathological alterations by pantothenate in individual mutations was also verified in induced neurons obtained by direct reprogram.ng of PKAN *** observations indicate that pantothenate supplementation can increase/stabilize the expression levels of PANK2 in s

关键词： neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration pantothenate kinase 2 pantothenate induced neurons precision medicine induced neuron fibroblast

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Alien plant species coexist over time with native ones in Chilean mediterranean grasslands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 682-691页

作者： irene martín-Forés Isabel Castro Belén Acosta-Gallo Alejandro del Pozo Laura Sánchez-Jardón Josém.de miguel Carlos Ovalle miguel A.Casado Department of Ecology Complutense University of MadridMadridSpain Department of Ecology Autónoma University of MadridMadridSpain Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of TalcaTalcaChile Agricultural Research Institute INIA-La Cruz La CruzChile

Aims Alien species are commonly considered as harmful weeds capa-ble of decreasing native biodiversity and threatening *** this assumption,little is known about the long-term patterns of the native-alien relationships associated with human disturbed managed *** study aims to elucidate the commu-nity dynamics associated with a successional gradient in chilean mediterranean grasslands,considering both native and alien *** Species richness(natives and aliens separately)and life-form(annu-als and perennials)were recorded in four chilean post-agricultural grazed grasslands each covering a broad successional gradient(from 1 to 40 years since crop abandonment).A detrended correspondence analysis(DcA),mixed model effects analyses and cor-relation tests were conducted to assess how this temporal gradient influenced natives and aliens through community *** Findings Our results show different life-form patterns between natives and aliens over *** were mainly represented by annuals(especially ruderals and weeds),which were established at the beginning of *** aliens also predominated at mid-successional stages,but in old grasslands native species were slightly more representative than alien ones within the *** the late successional states,positive or no correlations at all between alien and native species richness suggested the absence of competition between both species groups,as a result of differ-ent strategies in occupation of the *** dynamics over time constitute a net gain in biodiversity,increasing natives and maintaining a general alien pool,allowing the coexistence of *** interactions including facilitation and/or tolerance processes might be occurring in chilean post-agricultural grasslands,a fact that contradicts the accepted idea of the alien species as contenders.

关键词： community dynamics land abandonment gradient life-form livestock grazing successional gradient

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