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Trade-off between microbial carbon use efficiency and specific nutrient-acquiring extracellular enzyme activities under reduced oxygen

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第2期5卷 43-53页

作者： Ji Chen irene Cordero Daryl L.Moorhead Jennifer K.Rowntree Lorae T.Simpson Richard D.Bardgett Hayley Craig Department of Agroecology Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change Aarhus University4000 RoskildeDenmark Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PTUK Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo2801 W.Bancroft St.ToledoOH 43606-3390USA School of Biological and Marine Sciences University of PlymouthDrake CircusPlymouthPL48AAUK Florida Oceanographic Society 890 NE Ocean BlvdStuartFL 34996USA NatureMetrics Occam CourtSurrey Research ParkGuildfordGU27HJUK

Mangroves are one of the most ecologically sensitive ecosystems to global climate change,which have cascading impacts on soil carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)***,mangroves are experiencing increasing N and P loadings and reduced oxygen availability due to intensified climate change and human ***,both direct and interactive effects of these perturbations on microbially mediated soil C,N and P cycling are poorly ***,we simultaneously investigated the effects of N and P loadings and reduced oxygen on microbial biomass,microbial respiration,and extracellular enzyme activities(EEAs)in mangrove *** calculated the microbial metabolic quotient(qCO_(2)),which is regarded as a useful inverse metric of microbial C use efficiency(CUE).Our results show that reduced oxygen significantly increases both qCO_(2) and microbial specific EEAs(enzyme activity per unit of microbial biomass)for C-,N-and P-acquisition regardless of N or P ***,we found that qCO_(2) positively correlated with microbial specific EEAs under reduced oxygen,whereas no clear relationship was detected under ambient *** results suggest that reduced oxygen increases microbial specific EEAs at the expense of increasing microbial respiration per unit biomass,indicating higher energy cost per unit enzyme production.

关键词： reduced oxygen extracellular enzyme microbial respiration nutrient acquisition nutrient addition mangrove

Hepatocellular Tumors:Immunohistochemical Analyses for Classification and Prognostication

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2011年第4期23卷 245-253页

作者： Regina Cheuk-Lam Lo irene Oi-Lin Ng Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong

Following the classification of hepatocellular nodules by the International Working Party in 1995 and further elaboration by the International Consensus Group for Hepatocellular Neoplasia in 2009, entities under the spectrum of hepatocellular nodules have been better characterized. Research work hence has been done to answer questions such as distinguishing high-grade dysplastic nodules from early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), delineating the tumor cell origin of HCC, identifying its prognostic markers, and subtyping hepatocellular adenomas. As a result, a copious amount of data at immunohistochemical and molecular levels has emerged. A panel of immunohistochemical markers including glypican-3, heat shock protein 70 and glutamine synthetase has been found to be of use in the diagnosis of small, well differentiated hepatocellular tumors and particularly of HCC. The use of liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), β-catenin, glutamine synthetase, serum amyloid protein and C-reactive protein is found to be helpful in the subtyping of hepatocellular adenomas. The role of tissue biomarkers for prognostication in HCC and the use of biomarkers in subclassifying HCC based on tumor cell origin are also discussed.

关键词： Hepatocellular tumors Immunohistochemical Classification

Depolarizing metrics in the biomedical field:Vision enhancement and classification of biological tissues

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2023年第5期16卷 3-19页

作者： Mónica Canabal-Carbia Albert Van Eeckhout Carla Rodríguez Emilio González-Arnay irene Estévez JoséJ.Gil Enrique García-Caurel Razvigor Ossikovski Juan Campos Angel Lizana Grup d'Òptica Departamento de Fisica Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain ALBA Synchrotron Light Source Carrer de la Llum 2-26 08290 Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain Servicio deAnatomia Humana Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas Universidad de La Laguna Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38200 Spain Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 Zaragoza 50009Spain LPICM CNRSEcole Polytechnique Institut Politechnique de ParisPalaiseau 91120France

Polarimetry encompasses a collection of optical techniques broadly used in a variety of ***,such techniques have provided their suitability in the biomedical field through the study of the polarimetric response of biological samples(retardance,dichroism and depolarization)by measuring certain polarimetric *** of these features,depolarization,is mainly produced by scattering on samples,which is a predominant efiect in turbid media as biological *** turn,retardance and dichroic efiects are produced by tissue anisotropies and can lead to depolarization *** depolarization is a predominant efiect in tissue samples,we focus on studying difierent depolarization metrics for biomedical *** report the suitability of a set of depolarizing observables,the indices of polarimetric purity(IPPs),for biological tissue *** review some results where we demonstrate that IPPs lead to better performance than the depolarization index,which is a well-established and commonly used depolarization observable in the *** also provide how IPPs are able to significantly enhance contrast between difierent tissue structures and even to reveal structures hidden by using standard intensity ***,we also explore the classificatory potential of IPPs and other depolarizing observables for the discrimination of difierent tissues obtained from ex vivo chicken samples(muscle,tendon,myotendinous junction and bone),reaching accurate models for tissue classification.

关键词： Polarimetry indices of polarimetric purity organic tissues visualization artificial intelligence.

Graph Regularized L_p Smooth Non-negative Matrix Factorization for Data Representation

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第2期6卷 584-595页

作者： Chengcai Leng Hai Zhang Guorong Cai irene Cheng Anup Basu the School of Mathematics Northwest University School of Mathematics and Information Sciences Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China the Department of Computing Science University of Alberta the Faculty of Information Technology & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines Macao University of Science and Technology the college of Computer Engineering Jimei University the Department of Computing Science University of Alberta

This paper proposes a Graph regularized Lpsmooth non-negative matrix factorization(GSNMF) method by incorporating graph regularization and L_p smoothing constraint, which considers the intrinsic geometric information of a data set and produces smooth and stable solutions. The main contributions are as follows: first, graph regularization is added into NMF to discover the hidden semantics and simultaneously respect the intrinsic geometric structure information of a data set. Second,the Lpsmoothing constraint is incorporated into NMF to combine the merits of isotropic(L_2-norm) and anisotropic(L_1-norm)diffusion smoothing, and produces a smooth and more accurate solution to the optimization problem. Finally, the update rules and proof of convergence of GSNMF are given. Experiments on several data sets show that the proposed method outperforms related state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Data clustering dimensionality reduction graph regularization Lp smooth non-negative matrix factorization(SNMF)

Spatiotemporal trends of PM_(2.5) and its major chemical components at urban sites in Canada

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 1-11页

作者： Huanbo Wang Leiming Zhang irene Cheng Xiaohong Yao Ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoCanada Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaCanada

To evaluate the effectiveness of emission control regulations designed for reducing air pollution, chemically resolved PM_(2.5) data have been collected across Canada through the National Air Pollution Surveillance network in the past decade. 24-hr time integrated PM_(2.5) collected at seven urban and two rural sites during 2010-2016 were analyzed to characterize geographical and seasonal patterns and associated potential causes. Site-specific seven-year mean gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass concentrations ranged from 5.7 to 9.6 μg/m^(3). Seven-year mean concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-), NO_(3)^(-), NH_(4)^(+), organic carbon(OC), and elemental carbon(EC) were in the range of 0.68 to 1.6, 0.21 to 1.5, 0.27 to 0.71, 1.1 to 1.9, and 0.37 to 0.71 μg/m^(3), accounting for 10.8%-18.1%, 3.7%-16.7%, 4.7%-7.4%, 18.4%-21.0%, and 6.4%-10.6%, respectively, of gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass. PM_(2.5) and its five major chemical components showed higher concentrations in southeastern Canada and lower values in Atlantic Canada, with the seven-year mean ratios between the two regions being on the order of 1.7 for PM_(2.5) and 1.8-7.1 for its chemical components. When comparing the concentrations between urban and rural sites within the same region, those of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) were comparable, while those of NO_(3)^(-), OC, and EC were around 20%, 40%-50%, and 70%-80%, respectively, higher at urban than rural sites, indicating the regional scale impacts of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) and effects of local sources on OC and EC. Monthly variations generally showed summertime peaks for SO_(4)^(2-) and wintertime peaks for NO_(3)^(-), but those of NH_(4)^(+), OC, and EC exhibited different seasonality at different locations.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Aerosol chemical composition Monitoring network

Exercise Catheterization for Hemodynamic Evaluation of Adults with Coarctation of the Aorta

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第6期17卷 605-615页

作者： irene Martin de Miguel C.Charles Jain Alexander C.Egbe Jason H.Anderson Heidi M.Connolly William R.Miranda Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Division of Pediatric CardiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Background: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is associated with a generalized arteriopathy and long-term complicationsdespite repair. Data on invasive exercise hemodynamics in this population are lacking. Accordingly, wereviewed adults with CoA undergoing exercise catheterization to assess 1. hemodynamic profile;2. feasibilityfor assessment of CoA severity. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing exercise cardiac catheterization (12 armadduction and 8 supine cycle ergometry) at a quaternary care center between 2004 and 2021 were identified. Restingand exercise hemodynamic data were abstracted from the procedure logs. Results: Mean age was 43.6 ±12.0 years. Eleven patients (55%) had resting pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) >15 mmHg;amongthose undergoing arterial catheterization, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was >15 mmHg in 63%. Elevenpatients (55%) had pulmonary hypertension: 7 (35%) combined and 4 (20%) isolated post-capillary. At peak exercise,ΔPAWP/Δcardiac output (CO) ≥2 and Δmean pulmonary artery pressure/ΔCO ≥3 mmHg/l/min were foundin 7 (78%) and 6 (67%) patients, respectively;the composite of exercise PAWP ≥25 mmHg or ΔPAWP/ΔCO>2 was seen in 12 (86%). CoA peak-to-peak gradients at baseline (n = 14) and during exercise (n = 9) were 12(3–16) and 16 mmHg (9–28), respectively. Only 2 patients had an increase in CoA gradient to >20 mmHg withexercise. Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension were highly prevalent, with exerciseunmasking abnormal diastolic and pulmonary vascular reserve in some individuals. Most patients failed to showsignificant increases in CoA peak-to-peak gradients with exercise. Further studies are warranted to establish thebest diagnostic method for CoA severity assessment.

关键词： Coarctation of the aorta exercise heart catheterization diastolic dysfunction hypertension

Practices of caring for nursing students: A clinical learning environment

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第2期7卷 214-219页

作者： Jennifer Subke Charlene Downing irene Kearns Department of Nursing University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore,describe and illuminate nursing students'best encounters of caring in the clinical learning *** for nursing students was emphasized and recommendations provided to enhance caring for nursing students within their clinical learning ***:Qualitative data was collected by the researcher using semi-structured individual interviews and an Appreciative Inquiry(AI)*** second year nursing students undertaking the bridging course leading to registration as general nurses in terms of Regulation 683 of the South African Nursing Council(SANC)were purposively sampled from 3 private hospitals within the Western *** was analysed using Giorgi's ***:The main theme included the best and'least best'caring practices embedded in the centrality of the *** subthemes comprised of the nursing students'experiences of caring literacy and caring *** second theme included the creation of best caring practices within a conducive clinical learning *** this theme,the subthemes comprised of the caring attributes required in reflecting best caring practices,as well the creation of a clinical learning environment to optimise ***:The significance and necessity of caring for the nursing student were clearly illustrated and confirmed by *** was equated to the heart as the core to the nursing students'*** for nursing education,management,practice and research were therefore specifically formulated to enhance caring towards nursing students.

关键词： Clinical learning environment Empathy Nursing students Nursing education

Lag time,high-risk histopathological features,metastasis,and survival interrelation in retinoblastoma:a perspective from lower-middle income country

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第12期15卷 1994-2000页

作者： Purjanto Tepo Utomo Datu Respatika Bambang Ardianto Hanggoro Tri Rinonce Didik Setyo Heriyanto Banu Aji Dibyasakti irene Titin Darajati Indra Tri Mahayana Agus Supartoto Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Public Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah Mada-Prof.Dr.Sardjito General HospitalYogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Child Health Faculty of Medicine Public Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah Mada-Prof.Dr.Sardjito General HospitalYogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Anatomical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Public Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah Mada-Prof.Dr.Sardjito General HospitalYogyakarta 55281Indonesia

AIM:To investigate the impact of lag time to metastasis and survival rates among patients with ***:This retrospective study was conducted with 52 patients from the Department of Ophthalmology and the Department of Pediatrics of *** General Hospital,between 1^(st) January 2014 and 31^(st) December *** time was defined as the time delay between the first sign of retinoblastoma to the diagnosis of *** subjects with lag time>one year were included in the case group,while the subjects with lag time

关键词： retinoblastoma lag time metastasis survival staging laterality

Comparative outcome of stapled trans-anal rectal resection and macrogol in the treatment of defecation disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第37期17卷 4199-4205页

作者： Ivano Biviano Danilo Badiali Laura Candeloro Fortunée irene irene Habib Massimo Mongardini Angelo Caviglia Fiorella Anzini Enrico S Corazziari Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties SAPIENZA RomeUniversity 00161 Rome Italy Department of Surgical Sciences Division of General Surgery L SAPIENZA Rome University 00161Rome Italy Departmental Operative Unit of Colonproctology Hospital San Camillo-Forlanini 00161 Rome Italy

AIM:To prospectively assess the eff icacy and safety of stapled trans-anal rectal resection(STARR) compared to standard conservative treatment,and whether preoperative symptoms and findings at defecography and anorectal manometry can predict the outcome of ***:Thirty patients(Female,28;age:51 ± 9 years) with rectocele or rectal intussusception,a defecation disorder,and functional constipation were submitted for *** comparable patients(Female,30;age 53 ± 13 years),who presented with symptoms of rectocele or rectal intussusception and were treated with macrogol,were *** were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire at study enrollment and 38 ± 18 mo after the STARR procedure or during macrogol treatment.A responder was def ined as an absence of the Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria for functional *** and rectoanal manometry were performed before and after the STARR procedure in 16 and 12 patients,***:After STARR,53% of patients were responders;during conservative treatment,75% were *** STARR,30% of the patients reported the use of laxatives,17% had intermittent anal pain,13% had anal leakage,13% required digital facilitation,6% experienced defecatory urgency,6% experienced fecal incontinence,and 6% required *** macrogol therapy,23% of the patients complained of abdominal bloating and 13% of borborygmi,and 3% required digital *** preoperative symptom,defecographic,or manometric finding predicted the outcome of ***-operative defecography showed a statistically significant reduction(P < 0.05) of the rectal diameter and *** postoperative anorectal manometry showed that anal pressure and rectal sensitivity were not significantly modified,and that rectal compliance was reduced(P = 0.01).CONCLUSION:STARR is not better and is less safe than macrogol in the treatment of defecation *** could be considered as an alternative therapy in patien

关键词： Constipation Obstructed defecation Rectocele Rectal intussusception Stapled trans-anal rectal resection